# Historic Environment

Description:
During the autumn of 1914, this field was turned into a military training ground where tunnelling and trench construction was practiced by men of the Welsh Regiment.  There is no surface evidence for this activity today, although a small earthwork in the field which has been described as a possible Iron Age enclosure may actually relate to this military activity.  The camp also occupied adjacent sites (see record nos. 823 and 824).

Comments:
An article by Mel Griffiths in the "Burton & Rosemarket In Touch" newsletter of the Summer 2007 (No.26) provides a detailed history of Hearson Military Camp.


Description:
This large field was originally four smaller fields, which were the site of part of a military camp established in the autumn of 1914 for men of the Welsh Regiment. There was an exercise and sports area, and another area set aside for the officers huts and a recreation hut.  In the main part of the field were, reportedly, a series of army huts used to house the soldiers (the bases of these were still visible on aerial photographs in the 1950s).  In the lower part of the field was an area of stables for the regiment's horses.


Description:
Newton Mountain was used during the autumn of 1914 in conjunction with the nearby Hearson Military Camp as and area for practicing tunnel and trench construction, as well as for cavalry and artillery training.  It is said that this formerly rough ground was ploughed and made productive during the Second World War, and that evidence of the old practice trenches was visible at that time.


Description:
Rosemarket Village Hall is said to be one of the barrack huts used to house soldiers of the Welsh Regiment who were trained at Hearson Military Camp from the autumn of 1914 onwards, during the First World War.  When the camp was dismantled, by Portuguese soldiers, one hut was somehow acquired for Rosemarket and ended up serving as the village hall.


Comments:
Public footpath PP/7/6/3 passes the presumed site of this mound.


Comments:
Public footpath PP/7/6/2 passes the presumed site of this mound.


Description:
On the parish tithe map, field parcel No.849 is named as Bishop's Well.  It is thought that this could represent the site of a medieval holy well.


Description:
This village school was built in 1871. It seems to be on the site of a National School built to serve Burton parish in 1849, for a school is shown here on the 1868 Ordnance Survey map. Burton V.C. School has served the community for nearly 130 years, but in 2010 has been merged with Llangwm school to create the new Cleddau Reach V.C. School, occupying two campuses, with the intention of moving to a single site in Llangwm.


Description:
This cast iron milepost was erected in the first half of the 19th century besides the turnpike road from Haverfordwest to Burton (known then as Pembroke Ferry).  It marks the distances "To Pembroke Ferry 2 miles 237 yards" and "To Haverfordwest 5 miles."


Description:
This old smithy building is shown on the 1875 Ordnance Survey map.  It has been converted into a dwelling in modern times, but retains its original character.


Description:
Williamston is thought to have origins in Elizabethan times, maybe earlier, as a baronial residence.  Fenton believed that it was founded after nearby Benton Castle was abandoned as a residence.  He also suggests that in Elizabethan times, Williamston had an extensive deer park in the woods around Benton Castle, which still existence in his day.  The house had four hearths when assessed for the Hearth Tax in 1670.  At that time the Bowen family lived here.  Through marriage it passed to the Phillipps and then the Scourfield families. The 1875 Ordnance Survey map shows slightly more modest mansion that presently stands here.  It is evident that considerable additions were made to the house in the late 19th century, when Sir Owen Scourfield resided here, and the mansion is essentially a Victorian building.  In recent decades the house and its gardens have served as a nursing home.


Description:
A standing stone, some 5'3' high, was reported by Sir Gardner Wilkinson in 1870, but it had been broken up and removed by the 1960s and little is known of it.  It is not certain that it was a genuine prehistoric monument.  The farmer thought it to be a rubbing stone, and a long stone avenue described by Wilkinson in 1870 was in fact a folly erected (it is said) for the mother of Sir John Scourfield of Williamston in the early 19th century.


Description:
A fallen standing stone, some 7'6' long, was reported by Sir Gardner Wilkinson in 1870, but little else is known of it.  It is not certain that it was a genuine prehistoric monument.  A long stone avenue described by Wilkinson after his visit was in fact a folly erected (it is said) for the mother of Sir John Scourfield of Williamston in the early 19th century and there must be some doubt about some of his observations.


Description:
An "Old Limekiln" is shown here on the 1865 Ordnance Survey map, close to a small inlet on the western side of Castle Reach.


Description:
A number of prehistoric stone artefacts were found at Castle Rocks in the early 1930s. They are kept at the National Museum of Wales, part of the E.L. Pegge Collection. They include unworked flint flakes, a Neolithic rhyolite tranchet axe and a flint blade.


Description:
Benton Castle may have originally been built by Bishop Bek of St David's in the 13th century. By the 14th century it was part of the Barony of Walwyn's Castle, and in 1307 was held of the barony by Thomas de Roche, Lord of Llangwm.  It is said to have been reduced by Cromwellian forces in the mid-17th century and was certainly a ruin at the end of the 18th century, when it was painted by Paul Sandy. It formed part of the estate of Williamston, until the 20th century, and the land around it served as a wooded deer park.  Around 1932, it was bought by a civil engineer named Ernest Pegge, who set about rebuilding the castle with his own hands.  This work was completed after his death by his nephew, Dr Arthur V. Pegge, in 1954.  It has been occupied as house since then.


Description:
A polished, Neolithic stone axe-head was found here during ploughing in 1941-42. It is kept at Tenby Museum.


Description:
In 1911, two burnt mounds or Bronze Age cooking hearths were noted in this area. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course. Neither site was not found when visited by Cambria Archaeology in 1995, although a doubtful candidate for a burnt mound was noted to the west of this point, across the stream.


Description:
A charter from the reign of Henry II, dated to 1154, mentions Roose Ferry, which may  correspond to this old ferry crossing. In the 19th century, there was a ferry crossing between the Burton side of the Daugleddau estuary and Lawrenny to the east, named as Lawrenny Ferry on the Ordnance Survey map of 1869.  On the Lawrenny side was Lawrenny Quay and a beer house known as the Coach & Horses.  On the Burton side, there was nothing to mark the crossing point until the late 19th century, when a road was built to the shore from the direction of Williamston, and Roose Lodge built overlooking the landing place of the ferry.  The 1908 Ordnance Survey map names the ferry crossing as Roose Ferry.


Description:
This lime kiln is shown as an "Old Limekiln" on the 1865 Ordnance Survey 25" map.  It survives, although it is overgrown, is subject to some tidal erosion around its base and has a recent boathouse built against its eastern side.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted here. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course. The site was found to be a mound containing burnt stone when visited by Cambria Archaeology in 1995.


Description:
An enigmatic, winding, prehistoric stone avenue was described in 1870 (in Archaeologia Cambrensis) by Sir Gardner Wilkinson after a visit to Benton Castle and Williamston.  The avenue, which was over 2,200 feet long and up to 10' 6" wide, was in fact a folly erected (it is said) for the mother of Sir John Scourfield of Williamston in the early 19th century. There is now no known trace of this feature.  Wilkinson made a plan of the avenue which is reproduced in Archaeologia Cambrensis


Description:
This lime kiln is shown as an "Old Limekiln" on the 1875 Ordnance Survey 25" map.  It survives only as a ruinous feature, with the south side standing 1 metre high, and much of the structure buried by an earth mound.


Description:
Williamston Mountain survived as a piece of rough grazing land until the Second World War.  After the war, the land was cleared of gorse and bracken and improved for the first trial of growing Pembrokeshire early potatoes.  This site is therefore important to the history of one of the most important agricultural sectors in the county.


Description:
South Lodge stands at the southern entrance to what was once the Williamston home estate.  A gate is shown across the drive at this point on late 19th century maps, although the 1831 Ordnance Survey map shows this road to run from Williamston directly to Williamston Mountain, so it may not have been a classic estate drive.  No lodge or building is shown on the 1875 or 1908 Ordnance Survey maps.  South Lodge seems to have been built around this time however, and originally appears as a small building standing at right angles to the drive.  At some point during the 20th century, the house was enlarged considerably and what was the drive incorporated into its garden.  Presumably this was done when the Williamston estate sold the house and surrounding land and therefore no longer required the access road.  The gate piers at the entrance to the drive now stand at the entrance to South Lodge, and the drive is blocked off at the northern edge of the South Lodge garden.  An alternative farm lane has been created to the west of South Lodge to give access to the surrounding fields and also to link up with the remainder of the drive, beyond South Lodge.


Description:
Milton was a gentry house during Tudor times, when a branch of the Wogan family lived here. Morgan Jones of Milton, the second husband of Maud Philipps Wogan, was High Sheriff of the county in 1547.  In later times it has been the home of yeoman farmers and continues in use as a farmhouse today.


Description:
The upper part of Westfield Pill, which was originally a tidal pill on the Haven, has been turned into a freshwater lake by the construction of two dams above Neyland Marina.  The lake is now a nature reserve.


Description:
A working lime kiln is shown here on late 19th century maps. The 1908 Ordnance Survey map does not show the kiln, but a slipway and possible boathouse appear to have been built on or near it, the ruins of which survive in what is now a very overgrown area.


Description:
This ferry made the short crossing from Barnlake Point, Burton to Neyland, across Westfield Pill.  It is shown on late 19th and early 20th century maps.  The 1908 Ordnance Survey map shows that on the Neyland side, there was a footbridge over the railway line giving access to the town for those crossing on the ferry.


Description:
An ice factory was opened here in November 1908, associated with a fish market on the opposite side of Westfield Pill at Neyland. Ships came into the Pill at high tide, and ice was loaded  into their holds via a chute.  It was enlarged in 1932, possibly being provided with a new quay (which survives) as this time. The factory became disused after 1939 and the derelict buildings were eventually demolished in 1975,


Description:
An "Old Limekiln" is shown here on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps, but it was destroyed by early 20th century developments on Barnlake Point, such as the Ice Factory built in 1908.


Description:
Trinity House was apparently built in 1861 as a supply depot for lighthouses along the southwestern coast of Wales, including the Smalls Lighthouse . It closed in 1926 and is now a private dwelling. It is associated with a timber quay, which still survives and enclosed by a well-built stone wall, with fine gate piers and iron gates.

Comments:
The gate piers and walls are Grade 2 Listed Buildings: LB No. 82711


Description:
This wooden wharf was built in conjunction with nearby Trinity House in 1861, and was used until 1926 to supply lighthouses off the Pembrokeshire coast.


Description:
During the 19th century, Burton Ferry village was known as Pembroke Ferry, for it had long been the point from where a ferry to Pembroke, on the opposite side of the Daugleddau estuary.  It is likely that this crossing had been used in medieval times, and certainly in earlier post medieval times. In the late 18th century, a new turnpike road was built to connect Haverfordwest and Pembroke, and the last milestone on the northern side of the estuary stood at the shore's edge here, where travellers could take the ferry to continue their journey.  The ferry service ended in the 1950s.


Description:
This cast iron mile post was erected in the first half of the 19th century besides the turnpike road from Haverfordwest to Burton (known then as Pembroke Ferry).  It marks the distances "To Pembroke Ferry 237 yards" and "To Haverfordwest 7 miles."


Description:
A working lime kiln is shown here on the 1868 Ordnance Survey map. It seems to have been disused by the early 20th century and no longer survives.


Description:
A barrage balloon was fixed at this site during the Second World War, as part of the defences of the Milford Haven from bombing raids.


Description:
This chapel was built in 1884 and stood in the village of Burton until the 1990s when it was replaced by a modern house. It is not clear whether the chapel was incorporated into the house or demolished at that time.   A circular commemorative plaque is set into the front garden of the house, bearing the inscription "Calvinistic Methodist Chapel Erected 1884."


Description:
This water pump is thought to have been installed in the late 19th century, to replace an earlier well in the churchyard, which had been turned into a full-immersion baptistery about 1865.  The pump still stands in its place and is now a listed building.


Description:
This parish church includes many medieval elements, including its tower, chancel, nave, the south chapel and the organ chamber.  It is mentioned in the papal Taxatio list of 1291. The south chapel, or St Andrew's Chapel, is thought to be 13th century and the oldest part of the church, much of the rest dating to the 14th and 15th centuries.  It was restored in 1865-1867, when the north aisle and transept were added.  It still has its medieval font inside the church and a medieval preaching cross in the churchyard.


Description:
St Mary's stands in a large, irregular-shaped churchyard.  A restored medieval preaching cross and a 19th century full immersion baptistery are to be seen here.


Description:
This medieval preaching cross has been restored, with a 19th century Celtic stone cross placed onto the medieval base, which is octagonal in plan and four steps high.


Description:
This full-immersion baptistery is an unusual feature in an Anglican churchyard. It was created in 1865-1867, by building around a pre-existing well, which had been the village of Burton's main water supply.  The baptistery has rarely been used, only eight known baptisms have taken place here, and it was restored by Preseli District Council in 1986-1987.


Description:
This is the site of a now largely lost landing stage which was built late in 1942 as part of the preparation for Operation Overlord, the liberation of continental Europe.  Its purpose was to act as one of a chain of embarkation points for troops and material across the southern coasts of England and Wales.  It had served its purpose after June 1944 and fell into disrepair and now only a few posts of the structure are visible.


Description:
This unusual quay was built by the military in 1951, to serve as a landing quay for NATO forces.  It is said that it was intended as a loading quay for tanks, but that it was never used as the water was too shallow to allow the right type of vessel to draw alongside the quay.


Description:
This road bridge was built across the Daugleddau estuary during the 1970s, opening in 1975, linking the communities on either side of the river for the first time.  Previously boats and ferries had been the only convenient way to make the crossing, unless one was prepared to go via Haverfordwest and Canaston Bridge, several miles to the north.   Progress on the bridge was halted briefly in 1970, when part of the structure fell into the river. It remains in use as a toll-bridge.


Description:
The Butchers Arms is first mentioned in 1838, when a John and Anne Bowling kept the pub.  There is no building shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map at this point, therefore it may well have been built for the Bowlings in the 1830s. They ran the pub until John Bowling died in 1864, though his widow carried on into the 1870s.  By 1875, a George Gwilliam was licensee, and his widow ran the pub from 1881 until 1896.  Due to her frailty, Sir Owen Scourfield of Williamston objected to the renewal of the licence before the magistrates in 1896, and the pub was closed at that point.  The property kept the name "Old Butchers Arms" into at least the mid-20th century and the corner here is still known as "Bowling Corner", after the original licensees. A modern house stands on the site today.


Description:
A Sarah Hodge is recorded as the licensee of a public house in Houghton in the census returns of 1841 and 1851.  It seems likely that the inn was located at the northern end of the group of houses along side the old smithy.  The name of the pub is not known unfortunately. A private dwelling stands on the site now, but it is not known if it is the same building in which the pub was kept.  No public house is shown on the Ordnance Survey map of 1868.


Description:
The Stable Inn was opened in 1976, in the converted outbuildings of a farm in Burton village. It is still open in 2010.


Description:
Burton Ferry has been a crossing point on the Daugleddau estuary for many centuries and it is known that there was an inn here in the late 18th century, although its name and location are not known.  The Jolly Sailor has been open since at least 1809, when the Dean family were the licensees.  They ran the pub for a century and, until the 1860s, also kept a small boatyard nearby, the launch of each new boat being celebrated in the pub.  Men from the nearby Trinity House lighthouse supply depot patronised the pub, as well as travellers making their way along the Haverfordwest to Pembroke tunrpike road, who had to cross the river by ferry from a point just below the pub.  The Deans were here until 1913, but the pub has continued, through the hands of various owners, into the 21st century


Description:
Sardis seems to have began to develop during the middle of the 19th century, probably due to the combination of the opening of the Haverfordwest to Pembroke turnpike road through the area by the early 1800s and the building of Sardis Baptist Chapel 1822.  It is not named as a settlement on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, but by the publication of the 1868 6" OS map the name Sardis is used.  At that time it was a small and scattered collection of cottages along the turnpike road.  Little changed until the second half of the 20th century, when the settlement was becoming more focused on the crossroads in the village, and by the 1970s, maps show that development was just beginning to extend southwards down Thurston Lane.  Since then the village has grown considerably, with the old crossroads at the heart of a largely modern settlement, with some development in the direction of Hill Mountain, to the east, where there has been a garage in the past (now a car sales showroom).


Description:
Hill Mountain is a village which has appeared since the second quarter of the 19th century.  The 1831 Ordnance Survey map shows only a small number of cottages across the area now occupied by the settlement.  The map does, however, show the Haverfordwest to Pembroke turnpike road, which had opened by the early 1800s and which was to prove important to the later development of the village. 

At this point, the turnpike road crossed an area of unimproved mountain pasture, called “Hearston Common” on the 1831 map. To the north of the turnpike, forking away from it, ran Back Lane, which in 1831 had no buildings along it at all.  At the northeastern corner of Hearston Common, at the roadside, is shown a building in a rectangular plot of land.  The 1868 Ordnance Survey map shows a building in the same place, called The Star. It must be wondered if this was an early inn, serving travellers on the turnpike road? 

To the northwestern side of the common stood the Wesleyan Methodist chapel, built in 1815 and perhaps one of the first buildings of note built along this stretch of the turnpike.  It is not visible on the 1831 map, but the survey for the map my well have been carried out as early as 1812-1815 and therefore missed its construction.  

The 1868 Ordnance Survey map shows that more settlement was developing along the turnpike road, and a few cottages had also appeared on Back Lane.  The Butchers Arms had opened by 1838, further to the east, at what is now Bowlings Corner, but this was still a sparsely populated, rural spot. 

There was little change evident when the 1908 Ordnance Survey map was published, although the Butchers Arms had closed by that time and a new Mission Church had been erected, as an outpost of Burton parish church, on the opposite side of the road at Bowlings Corner. 

The village slowly took shape during the middle 20th century, with gradual growth, but from the 1960s onwards it rapidly expanded, including in the area to the east at New Wells Road, with further development eastwards at the separate settlements at Foxhall and Port Lion.  By the late 20th century the village had its own cricket pitch!  In recent times the land between the main road and Back Lane has been infilled with new housing, making Hill Mountain a substantial and quite compact village


Description:
It is not known when the village of Houghton was founded. The first reference to the name comes from 1541, and it is possible that the village appeared around that time, although it may have medieval origins.  

The village is  known to have existed by 1777, when a Picton Castle estate map of the area was drawn, showing a small cluster of 10 houses set in an unenclosed open field system.  The cultivated strips of these open fields were later enclosed with hedgebanks, giving the field system around the village its characteristic pattern of long, narrow fields, as shown on 19th century Ordnance Survey maps.  Few of these survive today, however, as the needs of 20th century agriculture have demanded the creation of larger, rectilinear fields.

Houghton was still a small village at the end of the 19th century, despite the fact that the Haverfordwest to Pembroke turnpike road was built through it by the early 1800s.  A school had been opened in the village during the 1840s, replaced by the present school in 1871.  The 1868 Ordnance Survey map shows that there was a smithy and a Post Office in the village and an unnamed inn also existed here during the same, probably close to the smithy.

The village has retained much of its character throughout the 20th century and to the present day remains a small settlement with many of its early cottages still in evidence at the village core.  There has been some modern growth, particularly to the south, but not out of proportion with Houghton’s status as a small, rural settlement


Description:
Burton has historically been the main settlement in the parish of the same name.  The parish church is found in the village, and is known to have been in existence by 1291.  During medieval times Burton was the focus of the Manor of Burton, records for which go back to the 14th century. It was a minor lordship or Knight's Fee, and included in the Lordship of Pembroke; the only Knight's Fee to the west of the Daugleddau to be so. The parish church was a possession of the Lordship of Walwyn's Castle however. 

It is likely that there was a medieval settlement here, around the parish church.  There are still some traces of a strip field system in the field patterns around the village, which are probably echoes of the open fields typically found around medieval villages, in which the land was cultivated communally in long, narrow strips known as quillets.  These strips tended to be grouped together and enclosed in long, narrow hedged fields in later times, when the open field system broke down.  Estate maps dating to the 18th century show this strip field pattern more clearly than later maps, as agricultural activity during the 19th and 20th centuries gradually merged fields to create large parcel for ploughing and grazing.

In more recent times, Burton has been influenced by its proximity to the Daugleddau estuary.  Late 19th century census returns show than many of the inhabitants of the village were engaged in activities such as fishing, dockyard work and ship-building as well as the tradition occupations of a rural village. Agriculture was also key to the community here, and Church Farm, which stands next to the church, has been a prominent property in the village during historic times.

Late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps show the village essentially ran from the church, southwards along a single main street, as far as tollgate on the turnpike road, with relatively few cottages and houses included within its bounds.  By the early 1900s, a Methodist chapel had been added to the southern end of the village, but it remained a small, elongated settlement. It was not until the 1970s that the village began to increase significantly, with some infilling and some development southwards.  By the early 21st century, new housing estates had appeared to the east and west of the village core, making Burton a compact settlement


Description:
Burton Ferry owes its existence to the fact that there was once an important ferry crossing on the Daugleddau estuary at this point.  It is possible that the crossing was used during medieval times, but it is certain that by the 19th century, the main turnpike road between Haverfordwest and Pembroke reached the estuary here, from where travellers had to cross the water by ferry.  Up until the 20th century, this place was known as Pembroke Ferry.

In the early 19th century, there was only a small cluster of cottages here, as well as the Jolly Sailor inn, which was built by 1809, possibly directly as a result of the arrival of the turnpike road.  The importance of the ferry crossing meant that a small village grew here by the mid-19th century, with most of the population engaged in work relating to fishing and boat building.  The settlement was boosted in the 1860s, when Trinity House built a lighthouse storage and support facility here.  The Trinity Wharf is still an important feature in the village, though it was closed in 1926.   The village continued to grow slowly into the early 20th century; the terraced housed of Trinity Terrace being added and later in the century more houses were built along the road in the direction of Burton.  The ferry service was discontinued when the Cleddau Bridge was built across the Daugleddau, and today Burton Ferry is used for pleasure craft and is popular with those wishing to enjoy the fine views along the estuary available from the shore here


Description:
A tollgate was erected on the Haverfordwest to Pembroke turnpike road during the first half of the 19th century.  It was attacked by Rebecca Rioters  during 1843, at the height of their protests against high toll charges on the turnpike road system.  It is shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, and clearly depicted on the 1868 OS map.  By the 20th century it had become disused. Today it survives as a small stone building alongside the main road.

Comments:
A simple metal plaque has been mounted on the building "Tollgate Site 1788-1844"


Description:
This old village pump was installed to supply the village of Great Honeyborough around 1900.  It is a "Lion" brand pump, which was a popular make at that time.


Description:
This former farmhouse is of 17th century origin and is an important surviving feature of the old village of Great Honeyborough.


Description:
Great Honeyborough mansion was the manor house of Honeyborough and is known to have been occupied by the Bateman family as early as the 15th century. They were still in occupation as late as 1598.  Richard Fenton visited in the early 1800s, when the Tasker family still owned the property.  He found that the old mansion had long fallen into ruin and that its  walls had been robbed some forty years previously.  Great Honeyborough seems to have been replaced by a more modest house, thought to be Honeyborough House, which was let to farming  tenants by the 18th century. Honeyborough House still stands and elements of the gardens which once surrounded it are still traceable, even thought the land around it has now largely been built over by new development associated with the expansion of Neyland town.


Description:
A series of quarries on the common land which extends between Mascle Bridge and Honeyborough are shown on Ordnance Survey maps of 1908 to have been working during the first decade of the 20th century.


Description:
A large marina for leisure craft has been created in Westfield Pill during the late 20th century.  A series of jetties and pontoons fill the lower reaches of this sheltered pill, continuing the long maritime tradition of the area.  A range of facilities are located on the historic Brunel Quay, including boar repairs, a chandlery, restaurant, bar and café.


Description:
This chapel was built in 1864 and by the early 21st century had been converted into flats, retaining its character as an attractive feature in the town.


Description:
The original chapel was built in 1851 and rebuilt in 1863. It is now the schoolroom attached to the larger, later chapel, built in 1903.


Name:
NEYLAND ENGLISH WESLEYAN METHODIST CHAPEL

Description:
This chapel was built in 1877 and is still in use in 2010.


Description:
Zion was built in 1861 and modified in 1871. It remains in use in 2010.


Description:
This striking marble war memorial was erected in 1930 to honour the men of Llanstadwell and Neyland who had fallen during the First World War. A marble tablet was later added to commemorate the dead of the Second World War, including four people killed at Hazelbank during a bombing raid.


Description:
This church was built in the mid-20th century but was disused by 1993.


Description:
This well-preserved 19th century limekiln stands at the roadside in Church Lake.  Curiously, it is not shown on any Ordnance Survey maps, despite its prominent position.


Description:
St Clement's serves as the Anglican parish church for Neyland.  Originally, a wooden church was built here in 1899, but after this was damaged by  great storm in 1928, the present stone church was built next to it in 1930.  The original church is now used as a church hall, alongside the later building.


Description:
A gasworks is shown here on late 19th and early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps. It dated to the middle of the 19th century, and was built early during the history of the new town of New Milford or Neyland.


Description:
This dwelling was built in 1857, on the site of a pub known as the Stag Inn.  The house was built for the use of the station master of Neyland railway station and was used as such until the line was closed in 1964.


Description:
This pillar box is an example of a type designed by John Wornham Penfold in 1865 and manufactured by Cochrane & Co. of Dudley from 1866-1879.  It bears the initials VR as it was made during the reign of Queen Victoria. This box would originally have been painted green and stood at the railway station.


Description:
A small Wesleyan Methodist chapel is shown here on the 1868 and 1908 Ordnance Survey maps, but it was a ruin by the mid-20th century and has now disappeared.


Description:
This square area of concrete slipway is a "hard" built in preparation for D-Day as embarkation slipways which could accommodate two tank landing vessels.  Local sources also say that Sunderland flying boats used these slipways.


Description:
The Bath House was built at the edge of the Haven in 1864.  It was a public bath house facility, designed in such a way as to allow sea water to flow into the cellar of the building to create a bathing pool.  By 1878, it had gone out of use and the building was converted into a villa or gentleman's residence.  The building fell into dereliction by the late 20th century  and the Bath House was unfortunately demolished without consent in 2005.  However, the local authority ordered that it be rebuilt and a new building now stands on the same site.


Description:
This is the site of a redan or gun battery which is said to have been built during the American War of Independence to protect the Haven.  However it does not appear on any maps before the early 20th century and there are some doubts locally about the veracity of this site.


Description:
This hotel was owned by the Great Western Railway and opened in 1858, shortly after the railway arrived at Neyland.  It was sold by the GWR in 1922 and ran as a private business until the 1950s, by when it was simply a public house.  During the Second World War troops were billeted here.  By 1954, it was not active and it served as temporary council offices, being turned into a hostel for construction workers on the Esso refinery during the 1960s.  By 1970 it was empty and derelict and was therefore demolished in that year.


Description:
This area of grass and trees, crossed by footpaths, was once a formal garden laid out between the South Wales Hotel and the railway station at the docks.  It is now a public open space.


Description:
The Customs House was built during the 1870s in association with the dockyard complex at Neyland.  It appears to have been built at the site of the original Neyland Post Office (which is shown on the 1868 Ordnance Survey map).  The Customs House building served both as an office for the Great Western Railway's Maritime Division and as an office regulating trade through the port, which expanded in the late 19th century as links to Ireland strengthened.  The Customs House closed during the 1940s and was turned into a private house. It was demolished in the late 1960s.


Description:
A pontoon pier was built here in 1857, designed by IK Brunel, to make it easier for passengers of the Irish Packet Service ferry to embark and disembark.  The pier comprised of a floating pontoon, connected to the quay by a 200 foot long, hinged, covered passenger bridge. This rose and fell with the tide.  Parallel to the passenger walkway was another for cattle being transported by the ferry.


Description:
The South Wales Railway was extended to reach Neyland in 1856, with the project in the hands of IK Brunel.  Originally, he had intended to take the line to Fishguard to provide a rail link to an Irish ferry service, but had been forced to turn to Neyland, from where the ferry was to operate for 50 years, before being moved to Fishguard in 1906.  Neyland flourished as a railway and port town as a result of the rail service.  The station was at the quayside, easily accessible to passengers and trade using the Irish service.  The line was eventually closed in 1964, a victim of the Beeching cuts.  During the late 1960s the terminus was removed and the whole area landscaped. The old track bed now serves as a cycle route between Neyland and Johnston.

Comments:
The present interepretation panels are now faded and outdated. The bronze statue of Brunel which stood near the quay was stolen in 2010.


Description:
A purpose-built stone quay complex was built here in conjunction with the railway terminus opened in 1856 by the South Wales Railway.  The quay served the Irish ferry service,  a local fishing fleet and trading vessels.  The loss of the Irish ferry service, which was transferred to Fishguard in 1906, was a blow to Neyland, but efforts were made to improve its prospects with the opening of an ice factory and fishmarket at Barnlake Point, opposite the quay and railway terminus.  The quay became all but redundant with the loss of the railway in 1964, but has found a new lease of life with the development of a leisure marina in Westfield Pill and the landscape and heritage interpretation of the former railway terminus site as a visitor attraction.

Comments:
The present interpretation panels are now faded and outdated. The bronze statue of Brunel which stood near the quay was stolen in 2010.


Description:
This one of the public houses of old Neyland.  It was kept by Elizabeth Field in 1850 and demolished in 1855, when the new railway terminus was built.  Its exact location is not known.


Description:
This pub is known to have been run c.1815-1820 by a Charles Child, the ferryman, who lived nearby in Chapel Row, Neyland.  Its exact location is not known, but it was probably at the ferry crossing.


Description:
This was one of the pubs of old Neyland and stood near Neyland Point and was run by the Scurlock family, who were also shipbuilders.  It was open c.1805-1818.


Description:
John Rogers kept a pub known as the Roebuck in Neyland in 1817. When he died in 1852 he was the licensee of the Stag Inn, which may have been the same property.  It seems to have closed upon his death.  It stood close to the later Station Master's House.


Description:
Built in Picton Terrace (now Picton Road) during the late 1850s. In 2010 the building still stands but has been converted into flats.


Description:
Built in Picton Terrace (now Picton Road) by 1861. It was closed in 1929.  It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
This large pub was also a hotel and was opened c.1858, and competed with the GWRs South Wales Hotel.  In 1985 it was converted into the Brunel Quay Hotel, but has since ceased trading and is now boarded up.


Description:
This former pub, now semi-derelict, was open by 1870 and was converted into a restaurant in the late 1970s, but closed a few years later.  It has been converted into flats.


Description:
This pub was opened in 1858. It was still open as the Morgan's Hotel in 1919, named after its owner.  It was still a pub in 1984 but by the early 21st century had closed. It has been converted into flats.


Description:
This pub was opened by 1861 and was named after Brunel's steamship, which was repaired at Neyland during the winter of 1860-1861.  It was built by Jesse Evans, who also built the London Coffee House in Neyland.  It became the New Milford House, soon afterwards, and later was the Neyland Young Mens & Boys Club.  In the late 20th century is was named the Viking, then the Warrior, closing in the 1990s and being converted into flats.


Description:
Now the Gunnings Bar, this pub was formerly the New Inn, under which name it traded from at least the 1860s until it closed in 2005.  It reopened under its new name in 2006 and remains open in 2010.


Description:
This pub was named in honour of Prince Albert, who was a member of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha family.  It was open by 1867 and remains in use today.


Description:
Parryville was built as a new town soon after the arrival of the railway at New Milford or Neyland in 1856.  It was named after the landowner, solicitor George Parry, who saw an opportunity to take advantage of the opportunity to build as the railway terminus began to draw more people into the area.  He had several streets of terraced housing constructed, namely South Street, Middle Street, Back Street, Picton Place, James Street, George Street and Kensington Road.  The 1868 Ordnance Survey map also shows a West Street, now Charles Street. Some of these names have now been lost as the town of Neyland has grown and incorporated Parryville.


Description:
Originally opened in 1863, "The Foresters" was the home to the "Ancient Order of  Foresters" benefit society. This pub remains open in 2010.


Description:
This pub is shown on the 1868 Ordnance Survey map at the junction of Charles Street and Kensington Road.  It was open by 1863 and remained in use until 1954, when it finally closed.  It is now a private house.


Description:
This pub was open by 1873 and closed in 1929. It is known that the licensee was summonsed for serving soldiers after hours in 1915, after which soldiers were forbidden to drink here, costing the landlord a large part of his trade.


Description:
Formerly the Commercial Inn, which was open by 1860, it changed its name in the 1980s and remains open.


Description:
The Oddfellows was open by 1861 and used by members of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. It closed in 2003 and reopened as the Rose and Willow in 2004.


Description:
The Masonic Hall dates to the late 19th or early 20th century and appears on the 1908 Ordnance Survey map.  It is still in use in 2010, although the building appears to have been altered in plan during the intervening century.


Description:
This pub was in Honeyborough village and is known to have been open by 1864.  It closed in 1929. Its exact position is not known.


Description:
This complex of earthwork features is clearly visible on aerial photographs.  A series of small fields or enclosures are present at the edge of the common, covering and area of about 160 metres by 100 metres. A possible settlement site appears to exist at the heart of the complex.  The site could be prehistoric or a medieval or later settlement.


Description:
A small cemetery, without an associated chapel, managed by the Local Authority.


Description:
This former colliery railway was active about 1900, serving to connect Freystrop Colliery to the main railway line at Johnston. In 1929-1930 it was extended to Hook Colliery.  Much of its course now survives as a linear embankment between Hook Colliery and Johnston village.


Description:
A medieval church is shown at Middle Hill on William Rees' map of South Wales and the Borders in the 14th century.  Nothing else is known of such a church.


Description:
Bethel chapel was first built in 1819 and rebuilt in 1840 and 1844.  It remains open as a place of worship in 2010.  There is no burial ground attached to this chapel.


Description:
An engine house associated with one of the culm pits of the former Freystrop Colliery complex is shown on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps.  According to Martin Connop Price, this pit was known as the Engine Croft Pit.  It appears that ruins of the engine house may survive, now hidden by trees in the middle of a pasture field.


Description:
When the collieries of the Freystrop and Little Milford areas were inspected by one Edward Martin in 1805 he recommended that a tramway be constructed to link the inland coal pits to a quay on the Cleddau river at Little Milford to facilitate exports.  The tramway was built, including a 400m long ropeworked incline linking to the quay. By the middle 19th century this tramway was a network linking several coal workings and it seems to have continued in use for some time, probably being disused by the 1880s.  The northern end of the incline and tramway fall within Little Milford Wood.


Description:
This former school was built in 1864 as a mixed school serving the Freystrop area. It was closed in 1980 and is now a private dwelling.


Description:
This small, rural parish church serves the parish of Freystrop.  The building is largely medieval in date.  The chancel, nave and north transept are the oldest parts of the church, with the western bellcote, south porch and vestry being added in 1874. The church is known to have been a property of Pill Priory by 1400.

Comments:
On the Saints & Stones "Riverside Route."


Description:
The churchyard surrounding St Justinian's parish church.


Description:
This quarry was operating in the late 19th century, working the Millstone Grit which outcrops here.  Smaller quarries lie along the shore of the Cleddau to the north.


Description:
Blackhill Quay is apparently a former coal quay, which now survives only as a grassy spit projecting out from the western bank of the Western Cleddau river.  It would appear that it was linked to the area of the Cardmaker's Pool colliery complex by a roadway.  Cardmaker's Pool was operating by the 1770s and the quay is shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map as a working quay.  It was out of use by the latter decades of the 19th century however.


Description:
A 19th century limekiln, long disused but still relatively well-preserved. The structure stood to 4m high when last described in 1997, with two drawing arches, built of mortar-bonded sandstone slabs.  It would have been supplied with limestone brought up the Western Cleddau by boat in order to produce lime for agricultural purposes.


Description:
Clareston was the home of a branch of the Roch family during the 18th and early 19th centuries.   Previously the Powel family lived here. The first of the Roch family,  George Roch was in residence in 1738.  His grandson, George Roch, was High Sheriff of the county in 1789, and  his great-grandson, George Clayton Roch, was High Sheriff in 1830. The latter died in a fire in 1833 and was the last of the Roch family here. His successor, Thomas Henry Davies, was High Sheriff in 1865.  The house is a listed building due to the fact that its fine halls and staircase were designed by William Owen, a prominent architect of the early 19th century who was responsible for radically remodelling the town of Haverfordwest.  The stable block here is also a listed building as it too was designed by William Owen. A 1.2m high standing stone erected near the house is inscribed "G.R. 1755" and appears to commemorate the first of the Roch family to live here. Clareston is now a working farm.


Description:
Although damaged, with several elements missing, the ironwork gate piers, gates and railings at this  entrance to Clareston have been given listed building status as a good example of late Georgian ironwork.  They were probably manufactured at the Marychurch foundry in Haverfordwest.


Description:
When the collieries of the Freystrop and Little Milford areas were inspected by one Edward Martin in 1805 he recommended that a tramway be constructed to link the inland coal pits to a quay on the Cleddau river at Little Milford to facilitate exports.  The tramway was built and is shown as a working network on the 1837 Freystrop parish tithe map.  It included a 400m incline through Little Milford Wood to link the system to the quay which had been created on the banks of the Cleddau.. The quay seems to have worked into the 1870s but was probably disused by the 1880s.  Today the quay is still recognisable as a narrow grassy spit, some 70m long by 10m wide, with some trees now growing along it. Parts of the stone revetment walling can still be seen along the sides of the quay.


Description:
The first mention of this property dates to 1682, when it was already part of the Haroldston estate, owned by the Perrot family.  Various tenants lived here, but by the second half of the 18th century, Caesar Mathias was in residence.  He was the Mayor of Pembroke in 1767 and the High Sheriff of the county in 1774.  In the early 20th century, this was the home of Joseph S. Roberts, a successful colliery proprietor who acquired several properties in the area. His grandson,, Joseph Harcourt Roberts, bequeathed Little Milford and its lands to the National Trust in the late 20th century, including Little Milford Wood.


Description:
A 19th century limekiln, long disused but still relatively well-preserved. The stone-built kiln has a partially infilled pot and arched draw-holes on its eastern and western sides.  It would have been supplied with limestone brought up the Western Cleddau by boat in order to produce lime for agricultural purposes.


Description:
The American Pit was developed during the period of the American Civil War, in the 1860s, hence its name.  The two shafts here were enlarged in the first decade of the 20th century and the mine was renamed as "Freystrop Colliery."  It is depicted under its new name on the 1908 Ordnance Survey map, which shows that the mine had a direct tramway link to the Freystrop Colliery Railway, which was built specifically to link this colliery to the main Great Western Railway line at Johnston.  The colliery was one of the last to work in the Freystrop area, closing in 1911. Today, only old spoil tips and fragments of former buildings mark the site, which is on private farmland.


Description:
Cardmakers Pool Colliery was one of the oldest and longest-lived mining operations in the Freystrop district.  The colliery was a complex of coal and culm pits scattered across and area roughly 500m east to west by 300m to the west of Freystrop village.  There are references to mining at Cardmakers Pool as early as 1713.  It appears that coal and culm were moved from here via a trackway, northwards to Lower Freystrop and then eastwards down to the Western Cleddau at Blackhill Quay for export.  Mining continued here throughout the 19th century, although as the century progressed the fortunes of all the local collieries waned.  Cardmakers Pool seems to have been idle during the 1880s.  There seems to have been a revival of the mine by the first decade of the 20th century, and the 1908 Ordnance Survey map shows at least one working shaft, probably more, quite close to the site of the modern village of Freystrop. The area of the former colliery is now largely pasture land and most of the mining features have been cleared away, although some spoil tips survive as overgrown mounds in the farmed landscape.


Description:
The Stumpy Adit level was a 19th century drainage adit which drained water from colliery workings in the vicinity of Maddox Moor and Freystrop.  The main adit ran some 800m inland to the southwest, with branches running westwards for more than another 800m to Freystrop Cross.  The adit mouth was near Stumpy Corner, a cottage on the banks of the Western Cleddau.  Water still issues from the now choked adit.


Description:
Coffin Colliery was a complex of coal and culm pits scattered over a large area, possibly as much as 700m east-west by 200m.  It is named on late 19th and early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps.


Description:
Freystrop Colliery was one of the most significant mining operations in the Freystrop district.  It was a complex of coal and culm pits scattered across and area roughly 500m east to west by 300m to the east of Freystrop village and north of Maddox Moor.  There are references to mining here from the 18th century.  By the mid-19th century, coal was being moved via the Little Milford Tramway network for export through Little Milford quay, on the Western Cleddau.  Mining continued here throughout the 19th century, although as the century progressed the fortunes of all the local collieries waned.  By the end of the century mining was all but finished at Freystrop Colliery, although a brief revival came when a new Freystrop Colliery was developed at the site of the old Cardmakers Pool Colliery during the first decade of the 20th century.  This working should not be confused with the older Freystrop Colliery complex near Maddox Moor however. The area of the original Freystrop Colliery is now largely pasture land and most of the mining features have been cleared away, although some spoil tips survive as overgrown mounds in the landscape.


Description:
This ale house was located near coal quay at Little Milford and frequented by colliers and carters.  It seems to have been also known as "The Bumble Bee".  It is known to have existed between 1795 and1828.  Its exact location is not known.


Description:
The first known pub in this part of Freystrop was the New Inn, which opened in 1811 and was run by Thomas Jenkins.  It was taken over by Martha Cozens, who ran it until 1827, when she transferred to a new pub nearby, called the Lamb & Flag.  The location of the New Inn is unknown, but the Lamb & Flag may have stood where The Old Manse stands today.  The Lamb & Flag itself closed c.1867 and was converted into a grocer's shop.


Description:
This horse-drawn tramway was built to link Nash & Sprinkle Colliery to Sprinkle Quay, 1.5km away.  It operated during the lifetime of the colliery, 1858-1866 but was then removed.  The area is now pastureland.

Comments:
Public footpath PP46/25/3 runs parallel to the former tramway.  It is apparently part of a planned Web Walk being prepared by Pembrokeshire County Council.


Description:
This former quay was built to serve the Nash & Sprinkle Colliery, to which it was linked by a tramway.  The colliery operated from 1858 until 1866, and the quay presumably fell out of use once the colliery ceased production.  Sprinkle Farm, now abandoned, stands to the landward side of the quay.


Description:
This small, triangular standing stone stands in a cultivated field.  It is up to 1 metre high.


Description:
This cemetery was created in 1978, as no more burial space was available in Llangwm cemetery in Pill Parks Way (originally Coronation Avenue)..


Description:
Llangwm school was built in 1870 and remains open in 2010.


Description:
A corn or grist mill is show here on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps, although it appears to have gone out of use by the early 20th century.  It may well have medieval origins.  The mill  was powered by water brought by a broad leat which approached from the west and turned southwards to flow through the waterwheel at the western end of the mill building.  The mill is now a private dwelling.


Description:
This large cemetery in Pill Parks Way (formerly Coronation Avenue) was created during the early 20th century. It was full by 1978, when a new cemetery was opened at Deerland.


Name:
LLANGWM ENGLISH WESLEYAN METHODIST CHAPEL

Description:
This imposing chapel stands at the heart of Llangwm village.  The cause began around 1824, but the first chapel wasn't built until 1834 and rebuilt in 1897.  Stone for the new chapel was brought from Roose Ferry Quarry, given free of charge by Sir Owen Scourfield of Williamston, Burton, and carried by boat by the men of the chapel.  It remains a place of worship in 2010.  It appears that the original chapel may survive attached to the rear gable of the later chapel.


Description:
The early history of this parish church is obscure.  It is  listed in the Taxatio of Pope Nicholas IV in 1291, and a tradition links it with the de la Roche family of Great Nash during the 12th century.  Although it was modified in the 19th century, much of the church fabric is medieval. This includes a medieval arcade, a 14th century canopied tomb with a male and female effigies (possibly members of the de la Roche family).  The dedication to St Jerome is a late one, made around 1786 and copying the dedications to the saint at two other Llangwm churches elsewhere in Wales.  Prior to this, the church had no known dedication.


Description:
The parish churchyard surrounds St Jerome's church.  There are relatively few gravestones now standing within the churchyard.


Description:
The area of Little Milford Wood contains old coal workings, many of which are associated with mining operations here during the mid-19th century.  Records show that 650 tons of coal were sold from the colliery in 1849, for shipping to Barmouth and other places.  Plans also exist in the Pembrokeshire Record Office which show the colliery in 1854.  When the Little Milford estate was sold at auction in 1882, the wood and the underlying coal and culm seams were listed in the sales prospectus.


Description:
There are references to the place name Trooper's Inn and Trooper's End from as early as 1678 and 1704, and it is possible that there was an ale house here associated with the local Yeomanry at an early date.  However, its history as a public house is only really documented from 1803 until 1891, when a succession of licensees ran an establishment called the Trooper's Inn.  It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
Freystrop is thought to be a Norse name, perhaps a corruption of Freyrthrop, which means a settlement founded by a Norseman named Freyr.  The village was originally focused in the area now known as Lower Freystrop. A Picton Castle estate map of 1773 shows that a small village of some ten houses existed here, with the parish church a short distance away in the valley towards Little Milford.  The village was then surrounded by an open field system, which would have been farmed by the inhabitants of the village.  This is a late survival of a working open field system, a model which is likely to have medieval origins.  By the 1830s all the open fields had been enclosed with hedges, giving the distinctive linear field shapes which remain preserved in the modern landscape, especially to the west and north of the village.  The parish church is dedicated to St Justinian, a Welsh saint, and nestles in a sheltered valley.  The church is a simple building, without a tower, and its form and location is very different to that found in the typical Anglo-Norman villages of southern Pembrokeshire.  Sometime before 1400, the church here was granted to Pill Priory.  During the 18th and 19th centuries, the coal mining industry grew in the area to the south of Lower Freystrop, around Cardmakers Pool and Maddox Moor.  Scattered cottages appeared around the coal producing area, and a new nucleation of settlement eventually began to grow at High Freystrop, also known as Freystrop Cross, where the late 18th century turnpike road linking Haverfordwest and Pembroke intersected several small rural roads.  This crossroads has become the focus for the modern village of Freystrop.  There has been considerable new development along the roads radiating out from the crossroads, as well as at Maddox Moor, just to the east of here.


Description:
This fine chapel was built in 1904, in place of an earlier chapel dating to 1834 which stood some 60 metres down the hill, where the chapel car park is now located.  The red sandstone used in the building was quarried at Port Lion.  Galilee remains in use as a place of worship in 2010.


Description:
A silver tetradrachm from Alexandria was found during building work at an unspecified location in Llangwm in 1973. There are no further details recorded of the coin or its present location.


Description:
A lime kiln stood on the shoreline here in the late 19th century. It has been removed at some time during the 20th century and the only evidence of its existence are flecks of white clinker mixed in the soil at the base of a grassy bank just to the north of the road here.


Description:
A ferry crossing from this point to Llangwm Ferry on the eastern side of the Daugleddau estuary is shown on late 19th and early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps.


Description:
This pub stood on the village green.  It was in existence by 1805 and still open during the 1880s, when the Llangwm Good Samaritan Friendly Benefit Society used it as their base.  It seems to have closed by or during the 1890s. It is now a private dwelling.  There were three other beer houses between the Three Horseshoes and the parish church during the 1870s.  One was the Ship & Castle.


Description:
Llangwm was without a pub for 50 years before the Cottage Inn opened. It was a private club during the 1950s, but became a public house in 1962.  It remains open in 2010.


Description:
This was one of the best known of Llangwm's old pubs.  It was run by a woman named Maria Shrubsall, who was a remarkable character.  She originally kept a shop, but in 1869 opened the pub at her home also.  She kept the pub for 30 years and it was a favourite haunt of fishermen, who came here to discuss their fortunes.  Maria died in Haverfordwest Workhouse and the village was left without a pub for 50 years.  It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
This pub may have been open as early as 1641, when a New Inn in mentioned in sources relating to the area.  It was certainly here in 1808 and in 1822. There is no record of it after that date however, and it is now a private dwelling named Tally Ho.


Description:
The site of a late 19th century coastguard lookout station.  Only the foundations of the building survive.

Comments:
This is an excellent viewpoint on the Coastal Path.


Description:
This possible Iron Age promontory fort appears to comprise of a single rampart across the neck of an eroding promontory, with less that 0.2 hectares of land on the seaward side of the rampart.  There is some debate as to whether this is genuinely a fortification or a natural feature.


Description:
The dwelling at Island Farm has been listed as a good example of a 19th century, traditional farmhouse.


Description:
According to its datestone, this former school was built in 1868 by J. Phillips of Southfield, on land donated by D. Bowen of Llysyfran.  It was established as a British School, or non-denominational school, favoured by non-Anglicans in the 19th century. It was built alongside the Gwastad Methodist chapel. The school remained open until the 1960s, but was closed by 1974. It was previously owned by chapel, but was purchased by Llysyfran Young Farmers Club who now use it as a meeting place and clubroom.


Description:
This small burial ground to the rear of Gwastad Methodist chapel appears to have been created in the late 20th century and only has a small number of graves.


Description:
This defended enclosure was largely destroyed by the construction of silage pits in the late 20th century.  When it was surveyed by the RCAHMW in 1925, it's earthwork rampart stood to 0.8 metres high, enclosing an area measuring 45 metres by 35 metres.  Even at that time the southern part of the enclosure had been badly damaged, however.  According to the Dyfed Archaeological Trust only abut 30% of the site survives, where a low earthwork bank can be seen, about 0.4 metres high. The site is located on private farmland.


Description:
In medieval times, Llysyfran was a small lordship and it is believed that an earth and stone mound which once stood to the north of the parish church was a small motte castle, which would have been the administrative focus of  medieval Llysyfran. The mound was largely levelled in the 19th century when its earth and stone was quarried by local people.  Little now remains of the site.


Description:
This small, attractive parish church is possibly of pre-Norman origins, and is dedicated to the Celtic saint Meilyr.  The building is thought to have mostly medieval fabric, with a 12th or 13th century chancel and nave, but was much restored in 1869. A baptistery in the church is thought to be 14th or 15th century, as is the font and the double bellcote.  One of the two bells is dated 1632.

Comments:
The church has a website; www.llysyfranchurch.co.uk


Description:
Llysyfran has a pleasant churchyard in a woodland surrounding.  Look out for the remains of the medieval castle mound and interesting graves such as that marked by a stone obelisk commemorating the wife and four children of Master Mariner Arnold George of Gwastad, who all predeceased him between 1869 and 1884. His sea-faring connections led him to give two of his daughters the middle names "Fareast" and "Farwest".


Description:
Llysyfran dam and reservoir were created in 1971 to improve water supplies in south Pembrokeshire.  The dam stands to over 30 metres in height and the 85 hectare (212 acre) reservoir sits in a country park that extends over 142 hectares (350 acres). The community boundary between New Moat, Ambleston and Wiston runs north  to south through the middle of the reservoir.

Comments:
Information on fishing at Llys-y-fran can be found in the Publications section of the Dwr Cymru website www.dwrcymru.com


Description:
Southfield has origins in the 16th century, when it was owned by the powerful Wogan family. By the early 17th century, a branch of the Philipps family of Picton Castle had taken possession, through marriage, and it has remained with their descendants down to the early 21st century. The house was rebuilt as an attractive country house between 1838 and 1841.  During the second half of the 19th century, it was the home of John Philipps, who was a prominent Methodist and is remembered for building two schools and four chapels, including the former British School and Methodist chapel at Gwastad, Llysyfran.  The Southfield Estate still exists in the early 21st century and in the late 20th century renovated several estate cottage to the south of the mansion, including Southfield Villa, Parc y Delyn, Penrhiw and Nyth y Dryw.


Description:
This tannery was founded by John Philipps of Southfield House in the second-half of the 19th century.  It is shown as a working tannery on late 19th and early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps. Water was brought to the site via a leat approaching from the north. It had closed by the mid-20th century and the site seems to have been cleared of most evidence of the buildings and tanks that were once here.


Description:
The cropmark of a circular enclosure, defined by a bank and a ditch, has been seen on aerial photographs in the past.  It is thought likely that this is the site of an Iron Age or Romano-British enclosed settlement, but a field visit by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in 2006 found no surface evidence of the site in the improved pasture field.


Description:
This hillfort lies in a pasture field and has been much reduced by centuries of ploughing. Only slight traces of the monument survive in the field.  An aerial photograph taken by the RCAHMW in 1981 shows that it consists of an oval enclosure, with a bank and ditch protecting an area measuring 50 metres by 34 metres, with an entrance on its eastern side. Two further banks and ditches lay outside the main enclosure. Other features can be seen on the aerial photograph, including a possible building platform at the centre of the enclosure.


Description:
The two-storey building of this former fulling mill, marked as a "Tucking Mill" on late 19th century and early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps still stands, but it has lost all its machinery, including the mill wheel, which was powered by water fed via a leat at the northwest end of the building.  Adjacent to the old mill it is an old farmhouse, which was restored in 2004.


Description:
The corn mill stood here until the third-quarter of the 20th century and was described by the RCAHMW as a three-storey building with a slate roof, and iron overshot wheel and an attached kiln.  It appears on late 20th century maps, but by the early 21st century aerial photographs seem to show that the building had been demolished and the site cleared.


Description:
A stone axe-head found on the land of East Tenement farm was presented to the National Museum of Wales in 1948.  It was a large axe-head with a hole drilled though its centre for fixing onto a shaft and evidently it had been well used before being lost or discarded.


Description:
A spring, now in a wooded area, which was once thought to have curative properties for children's ailments.  It has been known as The Holy Well since the 19th century at least.


Description:
This is a very fine example of a heavily defended Iron Age enclosure.  The southern side is protected by a single rampart, above a steep natural slope.  The other three sides are protected by four lines of banks and ditches.  The interior measures about 113 metres long by 70 metres wide. The entrance is on the western side of the enclosure, with an unusual hollow mound located just to the south.

Comments:
Public footpath PP70/8/6 passes alongside the farm lane to the east


Description:
New Moat was founded as a planted borough town during the late 12th century. The settlement was established by the Normans. The land here was owned by the Bishop of St Davids, who later created a new borough to try to attract settlers. The large motte and bailey castle and parish church at New Moat are now the only surviving features in the landscape of this original settlement, for the town failed to grow and by post-medieval times New Moat was no more than a small rural hamlet.  Originally, there were 89 burgage plots created to be occupied by settlers, bit only 46 were tenanted when the settlement was surveyed for the Bishop of St David's in 1326.  The Black Book of St David's, compiled that year, gives a fascinating insight into the people and character of medieval New Moat. The location of the burgage plots is not known today, although earthworks in the field to the northeast of the motte are suspected to be the possible site of the medieval settlement.


Description:
This was the site of the mansion house which was built in late medieval times to replace the nearby castle. It was the home of the Scourfield family for several centuries, from the 14th century until the 18th century, when they removed to Robeston Hall. When Richard Fenton visited the place in the early 1800s, the mansion was a roofless ruin.  During the 1820s his W.H. Scourfield Junior had the old mansion taken down and a new mansion was built over 500 metres further to the east, also called The Mote.  Today there is no trace of the original mansion and a modern farm approximately overlies the site.


Description:
This is the site of the second mansion called The Mote to have been built at New Moat. It was built by W.H. Scourfield Junior during the 1820s to replace the earlier mansion, which stood over 500 metres to the west.  The house was inherited by the Philipps family of Williamston, who took on the Scourfield name in 1862.  The mansion was probably not used by the family, who had other residences in the south of the county.  In 1921-22 the property passed to a member of the Saunders-Davies family of Pentre, Boncath, who also took on the Scourfield name.  In 1926, the mansion was sold and dismantled, and the estate was sold off after the Second World War. Today there are still substantial remains of the house standing in its parkland southeast of New Moat village, with some walls standing up to 3 metres high and the cellar vaults exposed.

Comments:
Public footpath PP70/2/3 passes immediately to the north of the ruined mansion.


Description:
Two wings of the stable block built for the Scourfields when their new mansion was built here in the 1820s still survive. The northern section of the complex, which joined the eastern and western wings, has been demolished. The western wing has been converted into a house in modern times.

Comments:
Public footpath PP70/2/3 passes immediately to the south of the stables. The wing that is now used as a house is listed building 83175.


Description:
New Moat possesses a fine parish church. St Nicholas's is thought to have been founded after the Norman conquest and it is mentioned as "Ecclesia de Nova Mota" in the Taxatio of 1291. Its fine tower dates to the 15th century and parts of the nave and chancel are thought to be 14th century. The church was repaired in the 18th century and extensively restored about 1835, when new windows were installed, a new roof added and significant changes made to the arcades, part of the nave and south aisle. It is probable that the church was founded around the same time as the Normans established their motte castle here, and was intended to help attract settlers to the planted borough town that was created at the same time. From the 14th to 19th centuries, the church and settlement were associated with the powerful Scourfield family of The Mote.  Inside the church, they are commemorated by the Scourfield Chapel, where a 17th century monument to the family can be seen. The family crypt lies beneath the church.


Description:
The churchyard surrounding St Nicholas' Parish Church, New Moat.  In 1925, the RCAHMW noted that there was a medieval cross-shaft in the churchyard.


Description:
This well-preserved medieval castle dates to the 12th or 13th century.  The circular castle mound measures 40 metres in diameter and rises up to 5 metres high.  A ditch surrounds the mound, which has been known to have been water-filled in the relatively recent past, and it is shown as such on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps. The bailey enclosure lies to the west of the mound, and its now denuded earthwork rampart encloses an area measuring 125 metres by 80 metres. The name of the castle implies that there was an earlier motte castle in the area, and the RCAHMW in 1925 suggested that either the neighbouring motte at Henry's Moat or the Iron Age hillfort at Rhyd y Brown may have been the original Norman stronghold in the area, with New Moat built at a later stage, perhaps when the Normans created a planted-borough town here during the 13th century.  The castle was in the possession of the Scourfield family from the period of the Edwardian conquest of 1282-3 until they abandoned it in favour of a manor house, called The Mote, which was built in late medieval times, some 300 metres to the southeast of the castle.


Description:
On the 1889 1:2500 Ordnance Survey map, a disused school building is shown at this location.  A 20th century house now stands on the site.  The nature of the school is not known, but it may have been the site of a private school or a National School established by the church.


Description:
A public house is shown here on late 19th and early 20th century maps. The building has been demolished.


Description:
A smithy stood here in the late 19th century.  It seems that the original building survives in part, although it is now modernised as a private dwelling.


Description:
This small, circular defended enclosure measures about 40 metres by 30 metres internally, defined by a still prominent earthwork rampart, with an external ditch. There is an entrance on the eastern side.


Description:
A very denuded earthwork, barely visible on the ground is now all that remains of this site. The enclosure was oval in plan and seems to have measured 48 metres by 45 metres.

Comments:
Bridleway PP70/8/4 passes along the eastern edge of the field in which the site is recorded.


Description:
This well is a natural spring which, according to the RCAHMW in 1925, was once of some repute as a healing well. It is apparently dedicated to the Celtic saint Gain or Keyna.


Description:
This small fort is protected on three sides by the steep slopes of the promontory on which it stands.  Only the northern side has a rampart, cutting off the promontory.  This bank rises to about 2 metres high and has a ditch on the outside.  There appears to be an entrance at the western end of the rampart, where it stops short of the edge of the slope.


Description:
This farmstead is described by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire”. It is now a large and modern farmstead, but it has ancient origins.  In 1326 it was recorded as a “Knights Fee” and was held under the tenurial arrangements of Welsh law. By post medieval times Ffynnongain was occupied by a branch of the Philipps family.  John Phillips of Ffynnongain was High Sheriff of Pembrokeshire in 1638 and was well-known for carrying his money around in a red bag, which earned him the nickname “Shon bwtsh goch” (John of the Red Pouch). The property became part of the lands of the Scourfield family of New Moat by the late 18th century, but eventually became an owner-occupied farmstead.  It takes its name from a supposed holy well near the farmhouse.


Description:
This is a very denuded site which is barely recognisable on the ground, its banks having been almost wholly ploughed down by centuries of farming. It seems to have been an oval enclosure, defended by a single bank and ditch, probably measuring about 75 metres by 55 metres in area.


Description:
This former primary school was closed and converted into a private dwelling during the early 21st century.  The school was founded as a non-denominational British School in 1866 and appears on the 1st edition 1:2500 Ordnance Survey map of 1889.


Description:
The churchyard attached to the present parish church, which has been in use since the 1860s.


Name:
RAMAH CALVINISTIC METHODIST BURIAL GROUND

Description:
The burial ground of the former Methodist chapel in Brynhellan. The gateposts bears the inscription "Ramah, Mynwent y Trenyddion Calfinaidd, 1860" (Ramah Calvinistic Methodist Burial Ground, 1860). Presumably it was opened at the same time as the new parish church and churchyard were founded on the opposite side of the road.


Description:
This is the site of a Second World War Quadrant Tower associated with a US Army artillery range based at Dinas. Only the foundations of the tower survive and they are now partly built over by a small farm building.


Description:
One of a series of old slate quarries along this stretch of coastline.  It is said that the quarry was only accessible by boat.


Description:
This is a recently reported enclosure, thought to be Iron Age in date, which stands in a partly overgrown and wooded area.  Earthwork ramparts are seen at the northern end of the area, with a ditch to the east.  Otherwise a steep slope to the west protects the interior, which measures 70 metres x 45 metres.  The ramparts to the south have been ploughed out within living memory.

Comments:
There is a public footpath apparently running through this site.


Description:
A stone bridge, with an 1829 datestone, which carried the turnpike road between Cardigan and Fishguard across the Nant Fforest stream.  It has been replaced by a modern bridge and is now unused.


Description:
Felin Werndew was a working corn mill until the early 20th century, with its waterwheel powered by water flowing via a leat from a mill pond further up the Nant Fforest valley.  The famous scientist Professor Samuel Perry lived here during the late 20th century and restored the grounds and water features.  The old mill is now a private residence.


Description:
The Bridge End public house stood here in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, alongside the main Cardigan to Fishguard road. It seems to have been closed by the 1950s and has since been modernised and turned into a private dwelling.


Description:
This chapel was first built in 1830 and renovated in 1843. A vestry was added in 1930.  It remains in use as a place of worship in 2011. It is a Listed Building for its fine early 19th century interior.  In 1891, its minister lived at nearby Glanymor house.


Description:
A large burial ground, attached to Gedeon Congregational Chapel.


Description:
This large burial ground is located on the southern edge of Dinas village. It was established in 1834 and enlarged in 1902 and is the burial ground for Tabor Baptist chapel, which is some distance away in the village. It is said that many mariners are buried here.


Description:
This former village school is now a community centre.  The school was founded in the late 19th century and is shown on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.  It closed in 2002.


Description:
A Coastguard Station is shown here on early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps, opposite the terraced row at Jericho. It has apparently been removed and a modern house occupies the site today.


Description:
The Freemason's Arms has been open since at least the 1880s and is shown on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.  It remains open in 2011.


Description:
The Ship Aground has been open since at least the 1880s and is shown on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.  It remains open in 2011.


Description:
A blacksmith's workshop has occupied this site since at least the 1880s and it is shown on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.  The smithy, J.E. Thomas & Son,  remains open in 2011.


Description:
This unusual site includes the stone foundations of a small hut, measuring 4.5 metres by 3 metres, built in the lee of the Carn Gwiber outcrop.  This structure stands within a large enclosure, defined by a slow stony bank, within which is also a man-made pond.  The purpose of the site is unclear, but it may well be associated with shepherding or cowherding on the Preseli commons.


Description:
This standing stone is 2.1 metres high and 1.4 metres by 0.55 metres wide at its base.  It tapers to a point and leans slightly.

Comments:
Visible from a bridleway to the south. On private farmland.


Description:
First built in 1792 and rebuilt in 1842, Tabor remains open as a place of worship.  There is no burial ground attached to the chapel, but Machpelah burial ground, on the other side of Dinas village, is used instead.  It is a listed building due to its fine mid-19th century interior.


Description:
This small baptistery is associated with nearby Tabor Baptist chapel.  It has been in use since at least the late 19th century. It has been concreted and is now surrounded by ornamental metal railings.


Description:
This site occupies a rocky hillock between the village of Dinas and the main upland block of Mynydd Dinas.  It is rather overgrown and has not been properly surveyed for many years; he best existing plans of the site are provided by late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps.  The top of the hillock is enclosed by a stone boundary wall, creating an oval enclosure, but there may be traces of earlier earthwork defences also enclosing the upper part of the hill.  At present it is not certain that the site is an antiquity, but it is suspected that an Iron Age defended enclosure exists here, or possibly even an early medieval enclosure or medieval fortification.  The name of the village, Dinas (Fort) may of course be derived from an early medieval or prehistoric fortification. Interestingly, two cannonballs were reportedly found within the enclosure many years ago.


Description:
A public house is shown here on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps.  It seems to have gone out of use in the first half of the 20th century and is now a private dwelling.


Description:
Trewrach is recorded as early as the 14th century, when it was the homestead of Gruffydd ap Ieuan ap Llywelyn ap Einon.  It has survived as a farmstead to the present day, although the medieval buildings have long been replaced.


Description:
An "Old Limekiln" is shown on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map, located in a hairpin bend on the lane to Hesgwm Mill.


Description:
This 19th century corn mill complex, which includes the mill, mill house and outbuildings, including a pigsty and stable.  The complex is listed and the restored mill building retains most of the internal machinery used when it was a functioning corn mill.


Description:
This small woollen mill is shown on late 19th and early 20th century maps. It had vanished by the mid-20th century although its mill pond is shown on later maps.


Description:
A large chert or flint axe-head of Neolithic date was found in a ploughed field here. It was 35cm long. It is not known where it is currently kept.


Description:
Aber Grugog is one of the larger of a group of former slate quarries along the stretch of coastline.


Description:
This Second World War coastal gun battery, established in 1940,  still has many surviving features, and is incorporated into the Fishguard Bay Caravan Park.  It had two 6-inch breech-loading guns.  The Battery Observation Tower survives, but is now used as the caravan park shop. There are even traces of the minefield which protected the site to the east.


Description:
This important early Christian inscribed stone was only recognised in 1996, although the landowners had known about it for many years previously.  It is inscribed with a ring-cross and other  geometric patterning.  The stone is thought to date to the 7th to 9th centuries AD.  The field in which stands is called Parc Maen Dewi.


Description:
This is said to be the site of a medieval chapel, probably known as Capel y Drindod.  The field is known as Parc yr Hen Gapel on the parish tithe map.  It was a chapelry to Fishguard parish and an Elizabethan source refers to it as a "pilgrimage chapel" suggesting it was on the pilgrims' route to St David's.  Several local place names include the "capel" element as a result of their proximity to the former chapel.  These include the now ruined Capel farmstead, 200m to the north and Capel Bach and Capel Newydd, 300m to the southwest.


Description:
This impressive standing stone stand 2.7 metres high and is 1.6 metres x 1 metre wide at its base.  It stand in a field close to the main road and can be viewed through a specially created gap in the field boundary hedge.


Description:
This earthwork site lies in a field to the east of the road across Mynydd Dinas between Dinas and Cwm Gwaun.  It survives as a polygonal enclosure, defined by low, earthwork banks, the western side of which seems to have been destroyed or obscured by the construction of the road.  The enclosure appears to measure about 60 metres across.


Description:
Capel Curig was a chapel-of-ease within Newport parish in medieval times and was described by George Owen of Henllys in the late 16th century.  It was lost by the 19th century although it is said to have stood near Newport Bridge.  The nearby well called Ffynnon Garreg may be a corruption of Ffynnon Gurig.


Description:
This medieval holy well is evidently associated with a cult of the Celtic saint Curig, although no further traditions are associated with it.  A medieval chapel-of-ease once stood nearby, but had been lost by the 19th century.


Description:
This disused tramway incline connects a quarry on Carningli with the road to the east. The mountings for the winding engine at the top of the incline still stand in situ. The incline bed is used as a path today.  The quarry and incline are 20th century in date.

Comments:
The incline is included in the PCNP Carningli Lower Slopes walk.


Description:
Carncwn well is said to be found in a cleft in the rock at the base of the Carncwn outcrop. Traditionally, the waters are said to cure warts and a pin was thrown into the spring for each wart to be cured.


Description:
The date and purpose of this enclosure is not known. It is described as being oval, about 40 metres long and having a strong bank, outside which is a ditch which is up to 4 metres wide, with a possible outer bank also.  It has been speculated that it could be a prehistoric, medieval or even post-medieval feature, but no firm evidence exists as to its true purpose.

Comments:
A public footpath passes immediately to the north of this enclosure.


Description:
Felin Llwyngwair is a former corn mill which once served the Llwyngwair estate.  It dates to the first half of the 19th century.  An overshot waterwheel, manufactured in Carmarthen and dated to 1843, still survives in the wheelpit.  It may be the site of the medieval corn mill known as New Mill.

Comments:
A public footpath passes the mill building.


Description:
This spring is recorded as a holy well by Francis Jones and is thought to be dedicated to the early medieval saint Samson.  It is near the natural mound called Bedd Samson, which in local folklore is said to be the grave of a giant.


Description:
In 1922, archaeological investigations discovered evidence that a probable Mesolithic hunting camp had probably existed just below Newport Bridge.  Flint flakes, the waste product of hunters preparing their arrow tips and other tools, were found scattered around here, as well as a number of flint cores and a single microlith.  Some charcoal was also found, suggesting fires had been lit at the site.  The campsite would have been used at a time when the coastline was much further to the west than at present, and have been used by hunters exploiting the game in the forests along the Nyfer valley, well inland.


Description:
This impressive cromlech stands in a small paddock amongst a modern housing development.  It consists of a capstone which measures about 3 metres by 3 metres and is about 0.6 metres thick.  The capstone is supported by four upright stones, up to 1.25 metres high, although only two of these now carry its weight.


Description:
This early Christian cross-inscribed stone is thought to date to the 7th to 9th centuries AD.  It was apparently found in the parish churchyard in 1877 and moved to field near College Square, where it remains, now seemingly in a private garden..


Description:
The large churchyard around St Mary's church has high interest from a genealogical and historical viewpoint.  It was probably laid out in its present form during the 19th century, although its core around the church has been in use since the foundation of the church in the 13th century.  The areas at the eastern and southern margins of the churchyard were probably only included during the late part of the 19th century.

Comments:
Within a Conservation Area.  The churchyard walls have Listed Building status.


Description:
St Mary's church is thought to have been founded as a new church in the13th century and is mentioned in 1291 in the Taxatio list prepared for Pope Nicholas IV. Its fine tower dates to the 13th century, but the rest of the structure is much later.  The medieval church was taken down in the late 1870s and a new building raised on the original foundations in 1879.  It is said that a Record Office for the borough of Newport stood attached to the "west side of the porch" but it is not known exactly where this was as it was lost during the 19th century rebuild.


Description:
A baptistery associated with Bethlehem Baptist chapel, which stands about 170 metres to the north, facing the bottom of Mill Lane.  The baptistery is used to baptise new members into the church. It is concrete lined and surrounded by railings, and takes water from the Afon Felin when required.


Description:
This late 18th century or early 19th century mill building was disused by the mid-20th century.  It is now roofless and has lost all of its machinery and its waterwheel, but is listed for its historical value.  The mill is shown on an engraving of Newport Castle by Henry Gastineau in 1829.


Description:
The Church Chapel was built in 1799, when David Pugh was the vicar of Newport.  He was friendly towards the Methodist movement within the Anglican church and the chapel was built as a place of Methodist worship. When the Methodists split from the Anglican church in 1811, the chapel was retained by the church.  In 1967 it was converted into a parish hall.


Description:
This former woollen mill is still recognisable as a mill building, although it has been converted into a private dwelling. It was operating during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, powered by water from the Afon Felin, which flows alongside the building. An overshot wheel was positioned on the river, with water apparently carried from a retaining pond behind the mill to drive it. Flannel was produced here up until the First World War.


Description:
A woollen mill is shown here on late 19th and early 20th century maps, in the southernmost of a pair of cottages.  It was operating until 1924. Its waterwheel was located on the opposite side of Mill Lane, from where a shaft was carried across to the mill, high up above the road, to drive the factory's machinery. The cottage is a private dwelling.


Description:
Although the Baptists were holding meetings in Newport as early as 1675, in a private house in Upper Bridge Street, it was not until 1760 that they built a meeting house.  In 1789 Bethlehem Chapel was built close to the bridge over Afon y Felin, and for this reason it was known as "Capel y Bont" or "Bridge Chapel". It was rebuilt in 1817 and 1855 and has remained as a largely unspoilt, attractive feature in the town ever since.


Description:
This building has recently been used as a pottery workshop known as "Newport Pottery".  Its early history is of use as a malthouse.  It is shown on late 19th and early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps as a malthouse.  It was later bought by the Cardigan & District Agricultural Cop-operative Society.  Agricultural implements and supplies, corn and coal were all sold from here during this period in the mid-20th century.  The building is empty at the time of writing in early 2011.


Description:
This small earthwork has been scheduled as a medieval ringwork castle.  William Martin, the Lord of Cemaes, is known to have built a castle at Newport in 1191, after losing his stronghold at Nevern to Rhys ap Gruffudd.  It is likely that Hen Gastell is the site of Martin's earth and timber castle, which was destroyed by Llywelyn ap Gruffudd in 1257 and probably replaced soon afterwards by the more substantial stone castle which overlooks Newport from the south. Today it survives as a crescentic earthwork ditch, which would originally have formed a complete circuit, about 40 metres in diameter, protecting the central enclosure.


Description:
Early Methodists in Newport met at the Church Chapel, close to the parish church.  When the Methodist movement split from the Anglican church in 1811, the Church Chapel was no longer available to them and a new home was sought.  Tabernacle was built in 1815 to provide that home and it has remained in use as a place of worship until the present day.  It was rebuilt in 1837 and restored in 1904.


Description:
The Independents were active in Newport by the early 18th century, and the first Ebeneser chapel was built in 1740, as a branch of Brynberian Independent chapel.  It was rebuilt in 1844-45 and remains largely unchanged from that date.  The original chapel was L-shaped and known as "Capel-L".


Description:
The main building of this former school was built in 1875.  It was originally a Board School, but later became a County Primary school and served as such until it closed in 1993.  Since closure it has been used to house the West Wales Eco Centre, with a Youth Hostel to the rear of the complex.


Description:
The Sessions House or "Justices' Room" was built in 1900 as a courthouse.  It now houses Art Gallery.


Description:
The bases of a pair of 15th century pottery kilns were uncovered when the Memorial Hall was under construction in 1921. One kiln was damaged by the work, but the second was preserved intact beneath the hall stage.  They each measured 5'8" in diameter. Fragments of pottery produced here were found on the site, much of it covered in the typical yellow-green glaze used in late medieval times. Floor and ridge tiles were also found.


Description:
This late 18th century town house is thought to have been built by the Bowen family of Llwyngwair as a Dower House in 1789.  It is associated with a small, formal garden.  The Bowen's sold the property around the time of the First World War.


Description:
This is the only well-preserved example of four limekilns which stood on the Parrog in the 19th century. It was working in the early 20th century. The kiln pot remains open and the draw holes are intact. Two of the others have disappeared and a third is attached to its western side and is only just recognisable, as it went out of use at an earlier period and has had its kiln pot infilled. A small, single-storey stone building attached to the northern side of this pair of kilns is thought to be a possible limeburner's cottage or storage building associated with limeburning.  All three of these features are listed buildings.


Description:
This small, stone building was used as a store for the Newport Life Saving Apparatus during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  Until 1906, a handcart was used to carry the apparatus, which enabled rescuers on the shore to fire ropes, by means of rockets, to vessels in trouble in the bay.  In 1906, this was replaced by a more substantial apparatus wagon, which would also have been stored in this shed.  At some time it is said that the building was also used as a mortuary.


Description:
This former warehouse is the largest surviving building on the Parrog and the only former warehouse still standing here. It has been converted into a modern boat clubhouse, but the architectural characteristics of the original building are still evident, forming the western end of the boat club. A further two storehouses stood just to the east, but one of these was demolished to provide stone to build Newport's Memorial Hall and the other has been replaced by a modern building.


Description:
Newport has long had the advantage of its bay and the estuary of the Nyfer river offering shelter to vessels plying their trade along the shores of Cardigan Bay.  The maritime traditions of the area were well established by late medieval times.  When a survey of the small ports along the coast was undertaken in 1559, Newport was one of five landing places identified between St David's and St Dogmael's. As early 1566, a ship registered as being from Newport was carrying cloth and slates, produced locally, to Bristol. By the late 16th century, wool had become a much more important export and during the 18th century, slate  from local cliff quarries also remained an important local product.  There was also an important herring fishery associated with Newport by Elizabethan times, which continued in importance until it declined in the 19th century. In the mid-18th century a thousand barrels of cured herring were exported from Newport annually. Imports of goods which could not be produced locally flowed in through the little port,  During the 16th century, materials such as grain, iron, tar, pitch, soap, linen and salt are recorded as being landed to supply the town. Other important supplies which were brought by boat were coal, culm and limestone, the latter much needed to burn in the limekilns on the Parrog to make the lime used to fertilise the surrounding farmland. By the later 19th century, material such as bricks and tiles were arriving by sea as the town grew.  From the mid-18th century, the growth in trade saw storehouses or warehouses built on the Parrog, which also had its own small boatbuilding industry and had undoubtedly become a hive of activity.  In 1816, a sea-wall was built along the shore at the Parrog, using slates quarried from the cliffs beyond Pen Catman.  The little port was further enhanced in 1824, when permission was granted for a quay to be built by one John Davies, a merchant, who had a storehouse here.  IN 1825, permission was given to build another quay here and it seems likely that these developments gave rise to the area around the Boat Club where the 19th century storehouses and limekilns stood, just to the northwest of the small hamlet of cottages which must have been gathered at the northern end of Parrog Road. By the late 19th century, the occasional steamer brought cargoes into Newport but coastal trade was already declining by the end of the century. There was little activity here by the 1920s and the last cargo was unloaded in 1934


Description:
The Newport Memorial Hall is one of the largest community halls in Pembrokeshire. Opened in 1922 it was built as a memorial to the men of Newport who lost their lives in The Great War. Since then it has been at the centre of community life in Newport.


Description:
This decayed waterwheel remains in its original position in the eastern gable wall of what is now the Bridge End Inn, Llanychaer.  It seems that there was a smithy here in the early 20th century and it is possible that the wheel powered machinery in the workshop.


Description:
This attractive village pub has stood here for at least the past 140 years and remains open.  Part of the building was a blacksmith's workshop in the late 19th century.  It takes its name from its position on a small bridge over the Afon Aer.


Description:
This small cottage was originally a lodge at the entrance to the Court mansion estate. It has been recently renovated but retains its original charm.


Description:
The mansion here was not built until 1800, for one John Gwynne.  Court has a much earlier history, however, being mentioned in deeds as earlier as 1594.  During the 17th century it was part of the estate of the Owen family of Trecwn, and then the Warrens of Trewern. In the 1770s it was leased to the Gwynne family of Cilciffeth and was then sold to John Gwynne of Haverfordwest in 1799, who built the mansion which stands there today.  A century later the Gwynne family died out and Court passed into the hands of a relative, the Reverend Thomas Gwynne Mortimer, Rector of Castlebythe.  He planted figs from Palestine in the walled garden, which grew successfully.

Comments:
The house and its outbuildings are almost all listed buildings.


Description:
St David's is the disused and deconsecrated church of Llanllawer parish.  The building is in a state of decay and becoming unsafe.  The site is thought likely to have early medieval, pre-Norman origins, although the medieval church was demolished during the 19th century and completely rebuilt.


Description:
At the gateway entering the churchyard of St David's church, there are two inscribed early Christian stones built into the churchyard wall, one either side of the gate.  Each have a simple cross carved into them. They are jointly scheduled by Cadw and thought to be of 9th to 11th century date.  They may have been put in their present position during the Victorian rebuild of the church.

Comments:
The two stones have the PRNs 2566& 2567 in the Regional HER.  A public footpath enters the gateway.


Description:
There are two inscribed early Christian stones built into the church wall, one said to be 7th to 9th century AD and the other 9th to 11th century in date.  The most prominent is an apparently circular cross-marked stone exposed in the render of the front wall of the church.

Comments:
The two stones have the PRNs 2568 & 2569 in the Regional HER.  A public footpath enters the churchyard.


Description:
This small, subcircular churchyard surrounds Llanllawer parish church.  It is thought that it has early medieval origins and was used throughout the medieval period.  Only post medieval graves are now visible here.


Description:
This holy well is protected by a stone chamber, with an arched entrance, unusual in a Welsh context.  The structure and well were said by Richard Fenton in 1811 to be little used but the waters, he noted, were thought to have healing powers, including for sore eyes.

Comments:
Now a listed building and Scheduled Ancient Monument.


Description:
A large, polished axe-head of Neolithic date was found during field clearance at Trellan, possibly during the 1980s.


Description:
A rough-out of a Neolithic stone axe was found here in 1984.  It was given to Pembrokeshire County Museum.


Description:
This fine Georgian mansion stands close to the site of the former mansion built in the 17th century, of which only fragmentary traces have been noted in modern times. It was the home of a Lloyd family in the early 17th century.  These were followed by the Rowland family and by the 1720s the James family, who held the property until selling it in the early 20th century.


Description:
Rhos y Bayvil, according to George Owen of Henllys, was one of the properties settled on the Peverill family after the conquest of Cemaes by the Normans during the 12th century.  It is recorded that the Peverills were here in the early 15th century.  The family name later changed to Mathias but they were still living here in the early 17th century.


Description:
Archaeological excavations held here around 1946 revealed a Bronze Age cremation burial, interred in a funerary urn.  Presumably a round barrow once existed at the site, within which the burial was made.  The finds are kept by the National Museum of Wales.


Description:
This cross-inscribed stone is thought to date to the 8th or 9th centuries AD. It was first noted in 1908 when it was being used as a fireplace lintel at nearby Cilrhedyn Isaf farm.  It was moved to the church sometime after 1938 and now stands in a railed enclosure in the parish churchyard.


Description:
This attractive rural parish church has medieval origins, but was completely rebuilt during the 19th century and no medieval fabric survives.  It has a fine stained glass window of St David.


Name:
ST DAVID'S PARISH CHURCHYARD, LLANYCHAER

Description:
The churchyard around this small rural church is surrounded by trees, forming a peaceful location.


Description:
A charity school was being kept here in 1707 by William Gambold, probably the curate of Llanychaer at that time, later the rector. In 1709 it is recorded that 24 children were being educated here.  It is likely that the ruined schoolroom which now stands at the church entrance is on the same site as the earlier building used by Gambold.


Description:
This inscribed stone, of possible 6th century AD date, was sketched by Edward Llwyd or one of his assistants in 1698, when it was still visible in Llanychaer churchyard.  It has since been lost and only the 17th century sketch survives.  It bore the inscription MACUDECCETI FILIUS EOROCAN, Macudecceti the son of Eorocan.  Both these names are thought to be personal male Irish names, reflecting the period during the early medieval period when much of southwest Wales was ruled and populated by Irish peoples.


Description:
This small, rural chapel was built in 1894 and its vestry added in 1938.  In 2010 it shared a minister with Hermon, Fishguard.


Description:
This small burial ground to the rear of Glandwr chapel has predominantly 20th century burials.  The original burial ground was much smaller and later used as the site of the vestry, built in 1938.


Description:
This small quarry seems to have enjoyed some success under the management of the Cronllwyn Slate Company during the mid-1840s, but ran out of workable slate soon afterwards.  Attempts to revive the quarry in the 1860s failed and by 1868 it seems to have been out of use.  The quarry workings and spoilt tips can still be seen.

Comments:
A public footpath from Llanychaer village runs along the eastern edge of the quarry.


Description:
This concrete pillbox dates to the Second World War and is a type FW3-26 structure, built of reinforced concrete.  It is single storey with a flat concrete roof.  A blast wall protects the entrance.


Description:
This old farmhouse still has an ancient round chimney.  It was home to a branch of the Bateman family in the early 17th century and in the 19th century belonged to the estate of Court, Llanychaer.


Description:
Four large standing stones now survive of this stone row, which was said to originally have consisted of eight stones.  During the 19th century a field boundary was built along the line of the stones and the whole row became incorporated into the boundary bank.  The four stones extend for some 50 metres, and the largest stone stands up to 2.7 metres high.  The stones can be seen from the roadside.


Description:
There was apparently a cromlech or chambered tomb here until it was destroyed in 1844, the stones being used to construct a house.  Only the large capstone was left in the corner of the field, although its fate is not known.  Today there is a slight mound, 15 metres in diameter and 0.4 metres high in the position believed the be the site of the former cromlech.  It is possible that the mound is associated with such a monument.


Description:
This large standing stone, which is about 1.6 metres high, is said to have originally been one of a stone pair.  The second stone, which originally stood some 3 metres away, was removed for use as a gatepost, some 30 metres to the west.


Description:
A 1.5m high standing stone which may be a post medieval rubbing stone or a Bronze Age standing stone.  It is not shown on historic maps, but the field is called Parc Maenhir (Longstone Field) on the mid-19th century tithe map, suggestive of a standing stone being present here in the past.


Description:
This is a large standing stone, standing 2.35 metres high. It seems to have been damaged in the past, having lost part of its upper half, presumably as the result of an attempt to break it up for alternative use.

Comments:
A public footpath passes north and east of the stone, from where it should be visible.


Description:
This searchlight battery included 7 large and 4 small huts, with a semi-circular emplacement for the searchlight.  Fragmentary traces of some buildings and structures can be seen in the field today.


Description:
This is a group of three Bronze Age funerary monuments; two round barrows and a ring barrow. The ring barrow is the central feature, measuring 20 metres in diameter.  The eastern round barrow is well-preserved, measuring 28 metres in diameter and 2 metres high, although it has a hollow in its centre which suggests it has been excavated or robbed in the past. The western round barrow is denuded and spread out, now being 16 metres in diameter and only 0.3 metres high.


Description:
Cilciffeth has roots in medieval times, when it was the homestead of Dafydd Ddu, a descendant of Gwynfardd Dyfed.  The Lloyd family of Cilciffeth, who lived here from the 16th century, were descendants of Ieuan Llwyd, son of Dafydd Ddu.  Thomas Llwyd of Cilciffeth (1535-1615) was a patron of the bards and founded Haverfordwest Grammar School. The male line of the Lloyds ended in 1631.  In the late 18th century it was owned by Sir William Hamilton, the founder of Milford Haven.


Description:
This Iron Age defended enclosure or promontory fort is defended by a single bank and ditch.  In places the top of the bank is up to 2 metres higher than the bottom of the ditch, making it a reasonably strong rampart.  The bank encloses and area measuring about 80 metres by 54 metres.  It is in a wooded area and is reportedly overgrown with brambles.


Name:
ST DAVID'S PARISH CHURCH, LLANYCHLLWYDOG

Description:
St David's church stands in an attested early medieval burial ground.  The medieval church was demolished in 1864, when a completely new building was erected.  During the 1980s the church was sold for conversion into a private dwelling.  In 1984, excavations in the churchyard exposed early medieval cist graves and a radiocarbon date from one grave gave a result of 890AD +/- 60 years.  The church is now a private dwelling, but a collection of four, possibly five, early Christian inscribed stones can be seen in the churchyard, which also includes post medieval gravestones.


Description:
A collection of five early Christian stones, known as Pillar Stones, is found in the churchyard at the former parish church of St David's, Llanychllwydog.  Two are dated to the 7th to 9th century AD and two others to the 9th to 11th century.  A fifth stone is of uncertain date, but though to be early medieval.


Description:
This ring barrow measures 20 metres in diameter and stands on the open common.


Description:
This pillow mound measures 14 metres by 4 metres, and is surrounded by a shallow ditch.  It stands 1 metre high.  It is typical of the sort of pillow mound used in post medieval times by rabbit farmers, being a man-made rabbit warren intended to encourage rabbits to colonise an area.


Description:
This sub-circular stone-walled enclosure stands on the open common. Its date and function are now known.  It measures around 10 metres in diameter and its stone walls are ruinous.


Description:
This small rural parish church has medieval origins, but is said to have been rebuilt in 1670 and certainly underwent significant restorations during the 19th century, when it was derelict for a period.  Inside is a 1902 wall painting by the artist R Cipriani of Florence, a copy of a medieval painting of Madonna della Stella.  It was patronised by the Arden family of nearby Pontfaen House in the late 19th and early 20th century. There are two early Christian inscribed stones in the churchyard.


Name:
ST BRYNACH'S PARISH CHURCHYARD, PONTFAEN

Description:
The churchyard of St Brynach's is well maintained and an attractive location.  It includes two early Christian inscribed stones and monuments to past residents of Pontfaen House, which stands immediately next to the church.  In medieval times, the parish also had a chapel of ease known as Llanmerchan, the site which was known to George Owen, Henllys in Elizabethan times, but which is now lost.


Description:
Two early Christian inscribed stones stand in the churchyard of St Brynach's, Pontfaen.  Both have Celtic crosses inscribed into one face.

Comments:
The PRNs for the two stones are 1544 & 1545.


Description:
According to Francis Jones, Pontfaen has been the site of a gentry house since medieval times, when descendants of Gwynfardd Dyfed lived here, beginning with Rhys ap Robert ab Owain during the second half of the 14th century. At the end of the 15th century, the Vaughan family lived here. The Laugharne family came to Pontfaen, through marriage, in 1625.  Francis Laugharne of Pontfaen was a brother of Major General Rowland Laugharne, the Civil War commander. From the late 18th century, again through marriage, Pontfaen became a possession of a branch of the Philipps family of Picton Castle.  They sold Pontfaen in 1823 and thereafter it passed through many hands, including the Gowers of Castell Maeglwyn and, in the second half of the 19th century, to the family of a London lawyer named Arden, several members of which family are buried in the adjacent churchyard.

Comments:
The outbuildings are also Grade 2 listed buildings.


Name:
ST DAVID'S PARISH CHURCHYARD, LLANYCHLLWYDOG

Description:
The small churchyard of St David's church remains, although the church itself is now a private dwelling.


Description:
Tredafydd was first mentioned is documents as early as 1464, when it was a holding within the fee of Mynydd Melyn. From 1684, until the 1820s it was the home of the Higgon family.


Description:
This small cottage, known now as Ty Cwrdd Bach, was originally a Methodist chapel.  It was built in the late 18th century and remained in use until the late 19th century but is shown as disused on the 1907 Ordnance Survey map.  It does not appear to have had a burial ground.


Description:
Jabes is a large Baptist chapel in the heart of the Gwaun Valley.  It was first built in 1803 and was restored in 1903.  It remains in use in 2011.  It has a large burial ground and a vestry hall on the opposite side of the main road.


Description:
This large burial ground is attached to Jabes Baptist chapel and extends to both sides of the main road, with the earliest burials above the road in the parcel around the chapel itself.


Description:
This former corn mill is shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, but was disused by the time of the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.  The mill building is now a roofless ruin, attached to a long, low outbuilding in the curtilage of a modern house.


Description:
The Dyffryn Arms has served the local community since the late 19th century.  For some 40 years it has been run by Bessie Davies and is commonly known as "Bessie's" in the area.  It is one of the last traditional pubs in the county and is popular for its unspoilt charm.


Description:
This was the site of the Smith's Arms from the second half of the 19th century until the mid-20th century.  A blacksmith's workshop attached to the pub gave it its name.  The pub has been occupied as a private dwelling since at least the 1960s.

Comments:
The PRN for the blacksmith's workshop is 18366.


Description:
A group of circular structures, described as hut circles, has been identified and scheduled in this area.  The RCAHMW describe five, possibly six huts in the vicinity.  The Dyfed Archaeological Trust record five huts and a small enclosure.  It is not clear that all sites have been accurately plotted and it is also possible that their function is not properly understood.  They range in size from around 5 metres in diameter to about 20 metres in diameter.  It seems likely that his ancient settlement includes folds, huts and smaller structures.


Description:
An eroded round barrow, which measures about 10 metres in diameter by 0.4 metres high.

Comments:
This site lies within the Scheduled Ancient Monument Area PE360.


Description:
This is a small upright stone, measuring some 0.65 metres high by 0.55 x 0.32 metres.  It may be a Bronze Age standing stone.


Description:
This is the site of two military buildings during the Second World War.  A two storey octagonal building stood here, as well as a smaller hut.  Today only the concrete base of the hut survives.


Description:
This standing stone is about 2 metres in height and thought to be a Bronze Age monument.  It also serves as a boundary stone, marking the boundary between the parishes of Newport and Llanychllwydog, bearing an inscription to that effect.  There is also an Ordnance Survey benchmark on the stone.


Description:
This drystone enclosure measures some 8 metres in diameter.  It could be a prehistoric feature or a more recent sheepfold.


Description:
During medieval times, a chapel of ease to Llanychllwydog parish stood at Llanmerchan.  It was still standing in the early 17th century but had been lost by the 19th century and its exact location is not known.  Late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps name this area as Llan Merch Ann, and it is probable that the chapel stood nearby.


Description:
This defended enclosure measure about 35 metres square in area internally.  It is defended on its southern side by a single bank and ditch, where a steep slope lies below it.  The western and eastern sides are protected by a double bank and single ditch.  The entrance is in the southeast corner.  It is found within a coniferous plantation.


Description:
This small defended enclosure is located on the steep valley slope, enclosing an area of 40 metres by 35 metres.  Along its southern edge, below which is a steep slope, there is no trace of a bank, only a ditch.  The other sides are protected by a bank and ditch, with traces of an outer bank in places.  The entrance is in the western side.  It is found within a coniferous plantation.


Description:
This impressive, bivallate hillfort stands on the valley side overlooking the Gwaun to the south.  It is strongly defended by its two banks and ditches, with the inner bank rising up to 5 metres above the bottom of its ditch.  The ramparts are now wooded, but the interior of the fort is maintained as open grassland.  Internally it measures 65 metres by 55 metres.  The surrounding banks and ditches measure 25 metres in width in total.

Comments:
A public footpath passes just to the north of the enclosure.


Description:
This small school serves the Gwaun valley and draws children from outside its catchment area also.  It was opened during the late 19th century (and is shown on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map) and is still in use in 2011.


Description:
Penyralltddu was the home of the Vaughan family during the 17th century.


Description:
A holy well was described in this vicinity by Major Francis Jones in his book "The Holy Wells of Wales" but its condition and exact location are not clear.


Description:
This small promontory fort uses the steep slope below it to the east as part of its defences.  The rest of the enclosure is defined by a single rampart and ditch.  The rampart bank rises some 4 metres high above the ground level outside the fort.  The enclosed area measures just 30 metres by 20 metres.

Comments:
This hillfort is managed by the nearby Tregynon Country Farmhouse Hotel as an amenity.  A public footpath runs just to the north of the fort.


Description:
The site of what is said to be a medieval chapel known today as "Capel Cynon" lies in a pasture field near Tregynon Country Farmhouse Hotel. The foundations of the building are still visible. The name is not amongst the chapels-of-ease in Nevern parish which were named by the Elizabethan antiquarian George Owen of Henllys, therefore it is not certain if "Capel Cynon" is genuinely a medieval chapel site.  It is possible that it is an alternative name for one of the chapels-of-ease named by George Owen, however.


Description:
This standing stone is found in a pasture field.  It measures 1.6 metres high and is 0.9 metres by 0.55 metres at its base.

Comments:
A public footpath passes nearby to the north of the stone.


Description:
Gellifor, now known as Gelli Fawr, is known to have been occupied as a farmstead in the early 18th century. In 1860 it was bought by David Davies of Castle Green, Cardigan and he added a large extension to the previous farmhouse, creating a pleasant country mansion with fine outbuildings.  The complex was turned into a hotel during the late 20th century and is still open in 2011.


Description:
Newport Bridge was built across the Afon Nyfer in 1894.  It replaced a ferry crossing, ford and stepping stones that previously helped travellers cross the river at this point.  The bridge has a stone faced causeway crossing the marshy ground either side of the river on the valley floor, with the bridge itself crossing only the main channel of the river as it appears at low tide. It is said that a medieval bridge once crossed the river but that it was pulled down to prevent a plague from crossing the river from Nevern into Newport.


Description:
This is the site of a lime kiln shown as being disused on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.  It lies in an overgrown land parcel alongside the road to Traeth Mawr beach and its condition is not known.


Description:
Flintworking floors are known at many locations around what is now the Pembrokeshire coastline, but which would have been inland bluffs during the Mesolithic period, before sea level rises flooded Cardigan Bay to its present level.  Mesolithic hunters would have exploited the natural forests of this inland region and their campsites are sometimes found, where they would have prepared their arrows and tools for hunting and butchering game.  These so-called "flintworking floors" are usually represented only by scatters of flint waste and broken tools.  One such site is though to have existed here.  During the 1980s, Mesolithic flint blades were found eroding out of a buried soil beneath the sand dunes on the coast near Cesig Duon.

Comments:
The finds were made by Dr Martin Bell, then of St Davids' University College, Lampeter.


Description:
Flintworking floors are known at many locations around what is now the Pembrokeshire coastline, but which would have been inland bluffs during the Mesolithic period, before sea level rises flooded Cardigan Bay to its present level.  Mesolithic hunters would have exploited the natural forests of this inland region and their campsites are sometimes found, where they would have prepared their arrows and tools for hunting and butchering game.  These so-called "flintworking floors" are usually represented only by scatters of flint waste and broken tools.  During the 1980s, probable Mesolithic flint flakes were found eroding out of sand dunes on the northern side of the Nyfer, close to its mouth.


Description:
Evidence has been noted of a submerged forest and buried peats along the lower reaches of the Afon Nyfer, especially near Newport Bridge, and on Newport Sands.  Mesolithic flints and an antler have been found in association with the peats. There is however no obvious exposure of the peats at present.  They are evidence of sea level rises in prehistory, as the coastline would have been much further to the west during Mesolithic and Neolithic times.


Description:
It is said that a mansion once stood near the parish church in Nevern.  In the 15th century it was the home of Hywel ap Jenkin, a descendant of Gwynfardd Dyfed. His grandson, Hywel ap Jenkin the younger, was recorded by George Owen, Henllys as having built a fine mansion, but that the property was wasted by his dissolute son William. Richard Fenton reported that there were still ruins to be seen near the church.  Eminent medieval bards such as Rhys Nanmor and Lewis Glyn Cothi allude to the house as being near the church and the river, but its site is now lost.


Description:
This large standing stone is over 2.5 metres high and is found in a pasture field.  There is evidence of packing stones at its base, where animal erosion has worn the grass cover away.


Description:
A possible defended enclosure, D-shaped, measuring over 100 metres x 65 metres.  It lies on flat ground between Trefach farm and the top of the steep valley slope of the upper Gwaun valley. It is defined by large earthwork banks and a possible ditch at its northeastern and southwestern sides, with the main road to the southeast and the valley slope to the northwest.


Description:
A cross-inscribed stone at St Mary's was known about by the mid-20th century and was described in Archaeology in Wales journal in 1983. This may be the same stone as that discovered in 2009, when St Mary's church, Cilgwyn was converted into a private dwelling and the stone came to light.

Comments:
Originally recorded as PRN 1508, which had an incorrect NGR in the Regional HER database.


Description:
According to the evidence of George Owen of Henllys, this chapel-of-ease within Nevern parish was built and consecrated during the 16th century.  It served the Cilgwyn area for some four centuries before it fell into disuse and was converted into a private dwelling in 2009. The original church was completely rebuilt in 1887.  One interesting feature here was the presence of an early medieval cross-inscribed stone, said to have been built into the church but possibly that uncovered in the churchyard during conversion work in 2009.


Description:
The now converted St Mary's church stands in a rectangular churchyard with contains a small number of graves, mostly marked with stones bearing monumental inscriptions.


Description:
Part of a neolithic stone axe-head was found in this area in the mid-20th century.  It is now kept at Tenby Museum.


Description:
A Bronze Age flint scraper was found near Penybont during the mid-20th century.  It is now at Tenby Museum.


Description:
A corn mill is shown here on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map and it continued in use into the 20th century, probably falling out of use by the middle of the century.  It is named in a deed associated with the Warren family of Trewern as early as 1734.  The waterwheel was fed by a mill leat drawing water from the Afon Clydach, a short distance to the east.  The mill building has been converted into a private dwelling.

Comments:
The Pembrokeshire historian : journal of the Pembrokeshire Local History Society, No. 5 - 1974 "Warren of Trewern".


Description:
This attractive rural chapel was first built in 1841 and was restored in 1915.  It remains open as a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
A relatively large graveyard surrounds Caersalem chapel.


Description:
The outdoor baptistery for Caersalem chapel is located at the roadside a short distance to the north of the chapel.  A sluice system is used to retain water from a small stream to fill the baptistery when required.


Description:
Felin Clydach appears to be shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map.  It is clearly marked on the 1889 1:2500 Ordnance Survey map and continued in use into the 20th century, but had become disused before the middle part of the century. It seems to have been associated with the nearby Llystin farm and its small estate. During the 1980s the University of York carried out a programme of excavation at the mill.  They describe it as a former fulling mill, and the excavations found the bases of vats said to have been used to wash wool.  It may be that a fulling mill on the Llystin demesne, mentioned in a deed associated with the Warren family of Trewern in 1734, was located here.  The 1889 Ordnance Survey map shows Felin Clydach as a Corn Mill, however.

Comments:
A public footpath passes through the site.  See - The Pembrokeshire Historian : journal of the Pembrokeshire Local History Society, No. 5 - 1974 "Warren of Trewern".


Description:
During the 1980s the University of York carried out a programme of excavation at this ruined mill site.  It was found to be a corn mill of 18th and 19th century date. The complex had become disused by the late 19th century and has long fallen into ruin.


Description:
This unusual lodge building is octagonal in plan and has two storeys with a central chimney.  It was built as a lodge at the main entrance to  Llwyngwair Manor and is now a private residence.  The original gate piers at the drive entrance stand alongside the lodge and also have listed building status.


Description:
This large and attractive mansion is now at the heart of a popular holiday park and used for accommodation and a licensed restaurant.  It has two storeys and an attic story and Major Francis Jones noted that at one time it had 34 bedrooms. 

There was a residence here by the early 14th century, occupied by the Cole family. In 1503 they sold the property to Sir James ap Owen of Pentre Ifan. His descendants, the Bowens, lived here for fourteen generations and became one of the leading families of north Pembrokeshire. 

Llwyngwair was noted as a haunt of bards in Elizabethan and Stuart times and early Methodists, including John Wesley, Daniel Rowland and William Williams Pantycelyn, found a welcome here in the 18th century.  The Bowen family sold the property in 1957.

Comments:
The mansion and coach-house are listed buildings.


Description:
This small Iron Age hillfort was partly excavated by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in 2007.  Little was found on the site, other than the infilled defensive ditch which was rock-cut and apparently incomplete.  There was little evidence of settlement inside the fort, although the post-holes of the gateway were uncovered. It was concluded that it may have been an unfinished fortification.


Description:
This large, disused lime kiln stands on the northern side of the Nyfer and is accessible by footpath. It is also visible from Newport Bridge and the opposite bank.  Its large kiln-eyes are still visible but the pot appears to be infilled or overgrown. Its date of construction is not known, although probably late 18th or early 19th century. It was in use during the 19th century and supplied by bringing limestone and culm up the river on boats.


Description:
Bryncyn was a ferryman's cottage during the 19th century, harking back to the time before the Newport Bridge was built across the Nyfer in 1894.  Prior to that, the river was crossed by ferry, ford or stepping stones.


Description:
During the late 12th century, lands at Bury, or Berry, were granted to the Knights Hospitallers of St. John, forming a grange or estate under the control of the Knights' at Slebech Commandery. This land later became the demesne or home estate of Newport Castle.  It was replaced by the mansion and estate of Berry Hill, which is still a working farmstead. The grange seems to have been erroneously identified with a now ruined summerhouse at Berry Hill, which was built by the early 18th century but not thought likely to have any association with the much earlier grange and demesne farm.


Description:
Berry is a historic home situated on a large, modern farmstead.  Its origins are in the late 12th century, when land at “Bury” was granted to the Knights Hospitallers of St John.  In later medieval times, land here was the demesne farm of Newport Castle. In the early 17th century, Berry was in the possession of the descendants of George Owen of Henllys, and his grandson George lived here. During the second half of the 18th century the property had passed to the Bowen’s of Llwyngwair, and then by marriage to the Rev. David Griffith of Berllan, Eglwyswrw, whose son appears to have built the new house here during the first decade of the 19th century. This large country house now forms the main part of the dwelling, with an earlier building now forming a wing to its rear.

Comments:
The attached 19th century service wing of the house is a Grade 2 Listed Building.  Its Listed Building number is 12758. It sits within a planned garden.


Description:
A very denuded Iron Age enclosure, measuring 40 metres by 35 metres and represented only be very low, ploughed out ramparts. Some excavation was undertaken here by York University in 1985, when evidence of prehistoric settlement and some pottery was found, as well as traces of medieval structures and pottery suggesting that the site may have been reused in medieval times.


Description:
This is a ploughed-down Iron Age defended enclosure, now represented only by low earthworks.  The enclosure measures about 50 metres by 40 metres.


Description:
This chapel was built in 1844. It remained in use as a place of worship until the late 20th century, but by the early 21st century had apparently been converted into a dwelling.


Description:
This small burial ground lies alongside the former chapel at Gethsemane.  It remains open and accessible despite the closure of the chapel.


Description:
This minor gentry house was a residence of the Young family during the 16th century, and was inherited by the Mathias family by the 19th century and became a farmstead.


Description:
This homestead is known to have existed as early as the early 16th century, when one Evan Robin lived here. It is still occupied.

Comments:
A publc footpath passes through the site


Description:
This is a well constructed and attractive stone bridge over the Afon Nyfer. It is thought to date to the late 18th century or early 19th century and was originally built to carry a road across the river. It links Llwyngwair Manor with Berry Hill and several other public footpaths to the north of the Nyfer.


Description:
According to the Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments (Pembrokeshire Inventory, 1925), this chapel of ease to Nevern was noted by "the author of an " Historical Sketch of Newport " (1890, p. 10) (who) says that' in full view of the front of Llwyngwair mansion stood St. Milburg's Chapel, its site being still known by the traditional name of ' Banc y Capel.' "   The site is now lost unfortunately.  George Owen recorded that it was used as a pilgrims chapel during medieval times for those travelling between Nevern and St David's.


Description:
This cromlech consists of six upright stones, four of which support a capstone. The other two uprights may be the surviving part of a second chamber which has been disturbed and lost its capstone.  The surviving capstone is pitted with "cup-marks", circular depressions deliberately hollowed out of the stone by the tomb builders.  A stone lying flat on the ground alongside the cromlech also shows evidence cup-marks.


Description:
This Bronze Age standing stone is situated in a pasture field, some 230 metres south-southeast of the Trellyffaint Burial Chamber.  It stands nearly 1.4 metres high.


Description:
In late medieval times, Trellyffant was the home of Hywel ap Jenkin of Nevern.  In Elizabethan times it was owned by the Picton family.  It is famously associated with a tale recorded by Giraldus Cambrensis some 900 years ago of Cecil Longshanks of Trellyffant, who was supposedly eaten alive by toads. A sculpted toad, in green marble, was kept in the house, probably from Stuart times, and was seen by Fenton in the early 19th century. Major Francis Jones failed to find any information as to whether it survived into modern times.


Description:
This site lies in a pasture field to the south-southwest of Trellyffaint farm. It consists of a series of denuded earthwork field and enclosure boundaries and probable building platforms. These are likely to be the remains of a medieval settlement, possibly a farmstead or a high-status homestead, perhaps even a forerunner of Trellyffaint.


Description:
This minor gentry house was a residence of the Lloyd family during the 17th and 18th centuries and the Bowen family by the mid-18th century. By the 19th century it had become a farmstead.

Comments:
The house and outbuildings have recently been sold with 2 acres. It is detached now from the farm and the former corn mill, Trefach Mill, which is also a Grade 2 Listed Building.


Description:
This Iron Age fort is located at the southern end of a steep-sided promontory, with the slopes acting as natural defences on the east, south and west sides, only the northern side being protected by a single rampart, over 3 metres high.  A ditch outside this defensive bank has long been filled in.


Description:
This important medieval castle has been subject to archaeological excavations during 2008-2010.  The dig has thrown some new light on the history of the castle.  It has been suggested that an Iron Age promontory fort may have originally occupied the site, and that some of the earthwork ramparts defending the castle were originally built during the Iron Age.  There may also have been early medieval (Dark Age) use of the site and Nevern may even have been the location of an important court or "llys" during pre-Norman times.  The recent excavations have found no evidence of such early activity however.  It is during the 12th century, after the Norman conquest of Cemaes, that the main developments took place here however.  Robert FitzMartin took possession of Cemaes in 1108 and established his castle at Nevern.  It was a motte and bailey castle, and the great motte is still visible here. Control of Nevern passed back to the Welsh later in the 12th century, with the powerful leader Rhys ap Gruffudd (the Lord Rhys) of Deheubarth taking possession of it during the 1190s. A family feud led to Rhys being imprisoned in Nevern Castle by his sons in 1194. In 1195 his son, Hywel Sais, destroyed to castle to prevent it falling back under Norman control.  A new Norman castle was built at Newport which then became the chief settlement in Cemaes.

Comments:
There is a website for the castle at www.neverncastle.com. A netowkr of public footpaths give access to the site and on-site interpretation is planned. A leaflet is available locally.


Description:
This rock-cut cross is visible in the rock-face alongside a path leading westwards from Nevern.  It is said that the track was one the pilgrimage route from Strata Florida to St David's.  Pilgrims are said to have knelt in prayer on a natural rock shelf in front of the cross.


Description:
This early 19th century vicarage stands close to the parish church at Nevern. It is an attractive building and remains in use as a vicarage.


Description:
This fine parish church stands on a site which is likely to have been used for Christian worship and burial since early medieval times. St Brynach was an Irish saint who lived during the 6th century AD.  The church building itself is thought to be largely medieval, with a 12th century tower and much of the rest of the building dating to the 15th century.  The church was extensively renovated in 1864 and the southern porch was added at that time.  At  the church are a number of early Christian inscribed stones, including Ogham and Latin inscriptions.  Two early stones are used as window sills within the church; one dates to the 5th or 6th centuries AD and commemorates Maglocunos son of Clutorius, the other is a possible 10th century grave slab decorated with an ornate inscribed cross.  Much later memorials to local gentry families of post medieval times can also be seen in the church, including the families of Trewern, Cwmgloyne and Henllys


Description:
Nevern churchyard is large and packed with interesting memorials and monuments. It is possible that the site has been used for Christian worship and burial since the 5th or 6th centuries AD, making it one of the earliest Christian foundations in Wales.  The monuments in the churchyard include the important Nevern High Cross, which dates to the 10th century AD, as well as the 5th to 6th century early Christian inscribed stone known as the Vitaliani Stone. The Bowen family of Llwyngwair are buried in an impressive family vault in the churchyard. The renowned "Bleeding Yew" is one in an avenue of yew trees which lead to the entrance of the church.  A large mounting block outside the gate is a reminder of the days when people rode on horseback to attend church.  An extension to the church to the southeast of the road contains more recent burials.

Comments:
The churchyard gates (LB No. 12749) and associated mounting block (LB No. 12748) have listed building status. The churchyard is also included in the Historic Parks& Gardens Register (PGW (Dy) 67 (Pem).


Description:
This impressive high cross is one of the finest monuments in Pembrokeshire. It bears elaborate knotwork and geometric patterns, and a Celtic cross is fixed to the top of the shaft.  It is said to date to the 10th or early 11th centuries and be a sign that Nevern was a high status Christian site during the medieval period.


Description:
This early Christian inscribed stone dates to the 5th or 6th centuries AD and commemorates VITALIANI EMERITO in Latin, with an Irish Ogham translation of the name also inscribed.  Its presence is thought to prove the early post-Roman origins of Nevern church.  Originally it stood to the north of the church and for a time was removed for use as a gatepost, at Cwmgloyn, but was returned to the church in the early 20th century.


Description:
The present village hall in Nevern has its origins in the 19th century, when it was first built as a Methodist chapel.  From 1876 the building was  converted into a school, which served the local community until closure in 1962.  Since the closure of the school, the building has been converted into a village hall and continues to be a focal point for the community.


Description:
This fine stone bridge, with two arches, spans the Afon Nyfer in Nevern village, and is an important and attractive feature in the local landscape.


Description:
This cottage was originally built in the early 19th century as a lodge at the entrance to one of the drives which lead to Llwyngwair Manor.  It has been renovated in recent times but retains much of its original character.


Description:
Nevern is a small, quiet rural village  packed with historical interest. St Brynach's parish church is its focal feature, still preserving its 12th century tower.  Although the foundation of St Brynach's is thought to date back to pre-Norman times, possibly as early as the 6th century AD. The location of the first church is not known for certain, but it seems likely that a early Celtic monastic community, or "Clas", was located close to the site of the modern village, possible at Glasdir (Clas Land) to the north.  During the 12th century, the Norman invaders established a castle on the prominent hill to the northwest of the church.  The castle's founder, Robert fitz Martin also established 18 burgage plots under the protection of the castle, with the evident intention of creating a small Norman settlement here.  The exact location and the fate of these burgages is not known today, but they may have been a precursor to the development of the village and could well have reinforced the importance of Nevern as a focus of settlement.  By the time of the Elizabethan antiquarian and Marcher Lord of Cemaes, George Owen of Henllys, Nevern was well established as a settlement.  The church continued to be the focus of a large parish, extending from the coast to the west, across to the top of the Preseli hills and the upper reaches of the Gwaun Valley to the south. In early post-medieval times, Nevern had its own court and inn and the church was patronised by some of the leading families of North Pembrokeshire, such as the Warrens of Trewern and the Owens of Henllys.  By the 19th century, the village began to take on its present form, with the addition of its vicarage, a Methodist chapel, later converted to a school, and village post office.  The road through the village was also improved and a new stone bridge built across the Afon Nyfer, which flows through the village. 20th century developments have increased the size of the village somewhat, but it remains a small and sparsely populated place with great charm, set in a very attractive landscape.


Description:
Trewern is one of the most ancient homesteads in north Pembrokeshire. The present house dates to the late 16th century, and it has long been used as a farmhouse. Francis Jones found that it was recorded as early as 1344.  It was home to the influential Warren family from an early time. The Warrens were particularly strong during the 17th and 18th centuries when several members of the family served as High Sheriffs of Pembrokeshire.  As a result the South Transept of Nevern parish church is still known as the Warren Chapel.  The Warren line ended in the early 19th century and the property passed to the Lloyd family of Coedmore, near Cardigan.

Comments:
A public footpath passes close to the site.


Description:
The site of a woollen factory shown on late 19th and early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps.  It fell out of use during the early 20th century and has been converted into a private dwelling house.


Description:
Known officially as the PY016 Trewern Searchlight Battery, this unit was based here from 1941.  It comprised seven rectangular huts, protected by earth banks, and hard standing for the searchlights. The site has been cleared since the war.


Description:
This possible Iron Age hillfort has been partly damaged or destroyed by the construction of a building at its southeastern side during the 19th century, which has removed part of the enclosing earth and stone rampart bank.  Some quarrying has also affected the northeast part of the site and a field boundary bank had been built, cutting across the whole enclosure from north to south, by the later 19th century. Most of the bank survives, however, and measures up to 5 metres wide and 0.8 metres high.  It encloses an area measuring 55 metres in diameter. This may be a medieval or later enclosure, the field evidence does not make a firm identification possible.


Description:
Tradition has it that Trerickert, or Ricardston, was founded by Richard de Hoda, or Hood, who gave his name to his portion of his father’s estate when he received his inheritance during the 13th century. Through inheritance, the property went to the Bowen family of Pentre Ifan.  It would appear to have later become a property of the Lords of Cemaes, as a daughter of the Lloyd family of Bronwydd, a Mrs Hay, owned it at the time of the 1786 Land Tax assessment.

Comments:
A footpath passes to the west of the farmstead.


Description:
According to George Owen of Henllys, Glastir was the site of the parsonage and glebe of Nevern church until the late 14th century.  It is possible that the name is a combination of Clas and Tir (The Lands of the “Clas”) which might signify that the pre-Norman “Clas” or monastic community associated with Nevern church was located here. After the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the 1540s, Glastir was sold to a branch of the Young family of Tredrissi, with whom it remained until about 1600.


Description:
Coedwynog has origins as far back as at least the early 14th century.  It passed through many hands during late medieval and Tudor times, and was bought by George Owen of Henllys in 1586. It was then rented to a Richard Edwardes, Chancellor of St David’s and described as a “chief mansion. “ In 1603 George Owen recorded that by late Edwardes had built a new mansion during his time at Coedwynog and beautified the place.  It survives today as a large, modern farmstead.


Description:
During earlier times, Llwyngorras was a tenement which included the holdings of Llwyngorras Uchaf and Isaf, as well as the main homestead, although by the 19th century these had all been united into a single property.  The mansion was built in the mid-16th century by the Bowens, a branch of the Pentre Ifan family. The bard Huw Llyn wrote an elegy to Thomas ap George ap Owen of Llwyngorras.  The property passed through many hands down to the 20th century, by when it had become a large farmstead.

Comments:
The Coach House, gatepiers and several outbuildings are also listed buildings. The gardens are recorded by the RCAHMW under NPRN 86689.


Description:
Three small trial adits have been recorded to the southwest of Felindre Farchog village, presumably dating to the 18th or 19th centuries and a search for lead-silver ores in the district.  In the late 20th century another adit on the hillslope to the west of the village broke open and water rushed down the valley side, flooding some houses and the village.


Description:
This small former village hall is said to have been built to commemorate the men of the parish who fell during the Boer War (1899-1902).  A small plaque on the outside of the building names the fallen. The building does appear to be shown on the 1907-1908 1:10560 Ordnance Survey map.


Description:
In late medieval times Argoed had been the inheritance of one of the sons of Llewelyn ab Owain of Pentre Ifan.  It was described by George Owen of Henllys in the early 17th century as being a “house of long contynuance” and the home of one John Bowen, who was a kinsman of the ab Owain or Bowen family of Pentre Ifan.  By the mid-18th century, Argoed had declined and become a farmstead.

Comments:
Argoed has been converted into a self-catering holiday property.


Description:
Described by George Owen of Henllys as one of the finest houses in the country, the fate of the mansion at Pentre Ifan is something of a mystery.  Today the gatehouse through which visitors passed to reach the main house survives as a converted barn, now used as an education centre.  Nearby is what appears to be a 19th century farmhouse and outbuilding, but no trace of the earlier mansion can be identified. Pentre Ifan was the home of the influential Bowen family, descendants of Owen ab Einon Fawr, who lived around the end of the 13th century.  He was the son of Einon Fawr o’r Coed, Coed being an important medieval homestead situated close to Pentre Ifan which has also been lost.  Einon Fawr was himself a descendant of Cuhelyn Fardd, one of the Welsh rulers of Cemaes during the period of the Norman conquest.


Description:
This building was for many years used as a farm building but during its renovation in the late 20th century it became apparent that it was in fact a fine late medieval or early post medieval gatehouse.  It was built at the entrance to the now lost Pentre Ifan mansion, which is thought likely to have stood nearby, possibly to the south of the gatehouse.  The post medieval farmhouse to the east of the gatehouse is thought to be a later addition.  In the late 20th century the farm was bequeathed to Urdd Gobaith Cymru and the gatehouse was converted into a residential education centre, but sympathetic renovations were undertaken to preserve and enhance the historic character of the building.


Description:
This iconic cromlech stands on a gentle slope overlooking the Nyfer valley and facing the sea, just above and west of Ty Canol woods.  The site has been excavated during the 1930s and is an excellent example of a large Neolithic chambered tomb.  Its massive capstone is supported by three large upright stones. Another three upright stones form part of the entrance to the chamber. Originally the stones would have been covered by a mound or cairn, the faint outline of which can still be seen surrounding the stones.

Comments:
New access has been provided to the cromlech during the early 21st century.


Description:
This standing stone is found in a pasture field 125 metres to the south-southwest of Pentre Ifan cromlech.  It was at one time though that it was the survivor of a ruined stone row, as other large slabs are found in the same field, but this has been discounted and the other stones are now thought to be naturally occurring.


Description:
Tycanol fort is situated on a natural promontory and defended on the north-east side by a rock escarpment, with a stone wall and ditch along its southwestern side. The area is heavily wooded and the stones covered with moss. The fort covers and area of some 80 metres by 45 metres.

Comments:
A public footpath passes close to the fort.


Description:
Opened in 1878, this former primary school near Brynberian was closed in 1983 and converted into a village hall serving the local community.


Description:
Llwyni Hirion farmstead was once the property of the Bowens of Llwyngwair Manor. Sons of the mansion were settled here as early as the mid-17th century.


Description:
A Bronze Age palstave axe-head was found in this field. It is now kept at the National Museum of Wales.


Description:
A Bronze Age spearhead, cast in bronze, was found here in the mid-20th century, pre-1946.  It is now kept at the National Museum of Wales.


Description:
During Tudor times, Wenallt was home to a branch of the Warren family. During the early 1800s, Richard Fenton visited Wenallt and noted that the ruins of the old mansion were visible. By that time Wenallt had become a farmstead.

Comments:
A bridleway passes the site. Consent was given to convert an outbuilding for use as Tea Rooms in 2010.


Description:
Cana chapel stands in the small village of Felindre Farchog.  It was first built in 1810, on the opposite side of the main road.  The original chapel has been used as a vestry since the present chapel was built in 1857.  Cana is a branch of Brynberian Independent chapel.  It is said that the chapel was built from stone quarried on the Preseli common, carted to Felindre Farchog for free by local farmers.  Cana remains in use as a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
This building is now used as a vestry to Cana chapel, but it is in fact the original chapel, built in 1810.  After the new chapel was built on the opposite side of the road in 1857, the old chapel was used for some time as a Sunday School.


Description:
This building was built in 1852 as a court room for the Barony of Cemaes.  The Court Leet met here until 1976, but the building subsequently fell into disuse and was eventually sold for conversion into a private dwelling.  It was built on the site of an earlier building, built in the 1620s by George Owen of Henllys, the Marcher Lord, and intended for use as a schoolroom.  Owen died before it was completed, but the name College has been attached to the site ever since.


Description:
This parish pound measures some 30 metres in diameter and is built of slate-capped stone walling.  It probably dates to the 19th century. It would have been used to impound any stray animals found within the area.


Description:
This corn mill is shown as a working mill on the 1889 and 1907 Ordnance Survey maps.  It was fed by a mill leat drawing water from the Nyfer further to the northeast and bringing it to a waterwheel positioned at the southeastern end of the mill building.  The mill is now part of a private dwelling. The old leat is now infilled. The mill may have continued in use well into the 20th century, possibly even into the middle part of the century.


Description:
This large country inn was open by the late 19th century and has remained in use to the present day.  It has been substantially modernised and enlarged to include en suite accommodation.


Description:
This ruinous cottage was a lodge house at the southern entrance to the Cwmgloyn estate. It fell into disuse in the mid-20th century.


Description:
Felindre Farchog (The Knight's Mill Settlement) has probably only developed as a village in fairly recent times.  Its name is likely to originate in its proximity to the Henllys estate, which was the home of George Owen, Marcher Lord of Cemaes, in the 16th and early 17th century. The "Felindre" element of the name can be translated to mean a "Mill Settlement", or can also mean a "villeins settlement".  Given that Henllys means "Old Court", it is not impossible that an early Welsh court, possibly pre-Norman, existed here and that the latter interpretation is correct for the village name. George Owen established a school here during the 1620s, at the site of the "College", which was replaced in the 19th century by a Court House, built for the Barony of Cemaes.  Felindre Farchog was already a small, nucleated village by the time the first Ordnance Survey map was published in 1831.  By the late 19th century it can be seen to have included a public house, court house, corn mill and chapel.  The names of some of the pools on the Afon Nyfer close to the village include Pwll Twcwr (Tucker's Pool) and Washing Pool, which suggest that a fulling or tucking mill must have existed here at some time.


Description:
Henllys is one of the most important historic homes in the county, as it was at one time the seat of George Owen, the Elizabethan Lord of Cemaes, who is also noted for his genealogical and antiquarian interests. The medieval and Elizabethan mansion was located about 100m southeast of the present farmhouse. This may well be the location of the original homestead, which was owned by the descendants of Gwynfardd Dyfed at Pentre Ifan. They sold the holding of Henllys Uchaf to William Owen in 1543, who later also bought Henllys Isaf and other lands nearby. In the same year he bought the Lordship of Cemaes from Lord Audley and became the Marcher Lord, a title passed on to his son George Owen.  The Owen family held Henllys and Cemaes until the death of George’s descendant William Owen in 1681.  Henllys, and the lordship then passed through marriage to the Lloyds of Bronwydd, Cardiganshire. The old seat was abandoned in the early 18th century and it would appear a new farmstead built close by.  Archaeological excavations in the early 21st century have uncovered the earlier house site, detached from the present building complex.

Comments:
The NPRN for the 16th century house is 309066.


Description:
This Iron Age enclosure uses the steep sides of a natural promontory for defence on three sides, with a rampart bank and ditch provided only across the northern side, where the ground is level.  The bank stands up to 2 metres high and the rock cut ditch is up to 5 metres wide.  The internal area of the enclosure measures 75 metres by 40 metres. A similar enclosure, Cwmgloyn II, stands immediately to the west.


Description:
This Iron Age enclosure uses the steep sides of a natural promontory for defence on three sides, with a rampart bank and ditch provided only across the northern side, where the ground is level.  It may be an annexe to the neighbouring Cwmgloyn Camp, which is found immediately to the east, separated only by a natural ravine.  The internal area of the enclosure measures 40 metres by 40 metres.  A well-established badger sett has caused some damage to the monument.  A trial excavation has been carried out here by the University of York.  A radiocarbon date showed late Romano-British activity (3rd to 4th century AD).  An Iron Age spindle whorl has been found on the site.


Description:
In medieval times, Cwmgloyn was the residence of the descendants of Gwynfardd Dyfed, including Rhys ap Rhydderch. One of his descendants married into the Lloyds of Hendre, St Dogmaels in the mid-16th century and it remained in the Lloyd family until the death of Thomas Lloyd JP, in 1771, and with their kinsmen until 1908.  It was a large country house, assessed at five hearths for the Hearth Tax of 1670 and later enlarged further. The author R.M Lockley lived here from 1940, and was responsible for restoring parts of the house and farm, which had fallen into a poor condition.  He recorded that there was a “priest hole” in the house.  One unusual feature here is a carved gargoyle’s head built into one of the gateposts at the entrance. A similar head on the other gatepost was smashed off by a lorry in the mid-20th century according to Lockley. At one time, the house was approached along a drive from Felindre Farchog, where a now ruined lodge house still stands at the entrance.


Description:
This site is marked by a single, large upstanding stone block, which is pitted with 28 cup-marks.  It had been postulated by Frances Lynch that the stone once formed part of a cromlech.  In 2011, Lynch was permitted by Cadw to undertake a short excavation around the stone.  This revealed that the stone was part of a buried portal dolmen, an early Neolithic form of burial chamber.

Comments:
A footpath passes through the same field, just to the west of the monument.


Description:
This small rural church was built in the early 19th century, replacing and earlier medieval church.  It became redundant in the 1980s and since 1983 has been looked after by Friends of Friendless Churches.  It is listed as a rare example of an unaltered 19th century rural church.  Inside the church are preserved a 12th century font and a memorial tablet to Thomas Lloyd of Cwmgloyn, incorporating the family coat of arms.


Description:
The large churchyard around this small church may well have medieval origins.  Only a small number of post medieval graves are found in the churchyard today.


Description:
Tregaman is recorded as the home of John Peverell during the early 15th century. His descendants sold the property to Thomas Philip Young who, according to George Owen of Henllys, built a new house on the site. The Young’s sold the property in the mid-18th century and it later became a farmstead and part of the Cwmgloyn estate. Thomas Young of Tregaman was infamously murdered by his cousins at St Meigan’s Fair, Eglwyswrw in 1602, for which crime both were executed.


Description:
A large, grassed-over round barrow in a pasture field.  It measures 2 metres in height and 30 metres in diameter.


Description:
This well-preserved cromlech stands in a pasture field.  Its large capstone is supported on three upright stones, with a fourth laying prostrate alongside. The whole monument is at most just over 2 metres high.


Description:
Richard Fenton describes this well or spring in the early 19th century in his Historical Tour Through Pembrokeshire. He records that the chalybeate spring had been tested and found to be of high quality. A stone and mortar bath had been built just below the spring to allow bathing in the waters.  Consideration had been given in Fenton's time to exploiting the curative powers of the water commercially. The area is now overgrown and the spring obscured.


Description:
This coastal hillfort has suffered serious erosion as a result of slumping of the cliff forming the coastal edge.  In the early 20th century the fort included a narrow isthmus connecting to a stack detached from the cliff edge.  By the early 21st century, the isthmus has collapsed and there has been further erosion of the stack and the cliff edge, which means that most of the interior of the fort has been lost. Only the eastern part of the defences now survive, but these are threatened by future erosion.


Description:
This fort stands on the cliff edge, alongside the Coastal Path.  It has suffered some erosion and loss of land from the seaward side, and is now defined by cliffs on three sides.  Only the eastern or landward side has a defensive bank and ditch, outside which is a counterscarp bank, cutting off the promontory.  Part of the landward side lies within the garden of Pencastell house, and this has caused some disturbance of the earthworks.  It is best viewed from the Coastal Path as its precarious cliff-edge position makes it a potentially unsafe site to visit.  It now measures 60 metres by 35 metres internally and the rampart bank rises to nearly 2 metres high, with the ditch now about 1 metre deep.


Description:
Ceibwr is a small cove, providing a natural harbour in a lengthy section of rocky cliff-coastline.  It has been used throughout the centuries as a landing place for fishermen and coastal traders and also given the nearby settlement at Moylegrove access to Cardigan Bay.  The last ship unloaded here in 1926. A lime kiln above the beach is evidence that coal and limestone were landed here during the 19th century.


Description:
Only part of a bank of two lime kilns now survives here.  The southern kiln of the pair is still visible, including its south-facing draw hole and the kiln pot. The rest of the bank has been lost due to the construction of sea defences.  The kilns were operational during the 19th century, being supplied with limestone and coal or culm by sea, producing lime for use as an agricultural fertiliser in the Moylegrove district.


Description:
This school opened in 1867 and served the local community until closure in 2003.  Since closure, management of the building has been taken into the hands of the local community through Cymdeithas Trewyddel as a public facility for meetings and events.


Period:
18th century; 19th century; 20th century

Description:
The roots of the cause at Bethel extend back as far as the 1690s and a datestone on the chapel records that it was first built in 1691.  The present chapel was built in 1837 and substantially rebuilt in 1901. In 2011. A vestry was added in 1931. Bethel remains open as a place of worship.


Description:
This vestry building was built to the rear of Bethel chapel in 1931 and is today used as a hall by the chapel and wider community.


Description:
Tabernacle was built in 1894, the cause having been founded some years earlier at Rhyd y Grove, where the first baptism was held in 1887. Tabernacle has an open air baptistery in the forecourt of the chapel, which is apparently supplied by water drawn from the adjacent stream.  The chapel remains open as a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
This former corn mill was working in the late 19th and early 20th century. It has been converted into a dwelling during the 20th century.


Description:
This was one of two smithies that formerly served Moylegrove.  It is said to have been built as a forge in the 1820s.  It closed about a century later and has been converted into a private dwelling.


Description:
This yard or depot is the site where the Richards Brothers bus company was founded during the 1920s.  Originally it was a haulage business, W.G.Richards & Sons, operating a steam driven lorry.  During the 1930s the business had grown to include carrying workers to RNAD Trecwn when it was under construction.  As Richards Brothers the company steadily grew and became one of West Wales largest bus companies, moving to new depots and offices in Newport (1978) and Pentwd, Cardigan (1984), when the Moylegrove depot closed.


Description:
The New Inn was one of the nine public houses which were once open in Moylegrove and district.  It was still open at the end of the 19th century and is said to have closed in 1904.  It was converted into a private dwelling, Bro Dawel.


Description:
Moylegrove takes its English name from the medieval name Maltes Grove or Matilda's Grove. Matilda was the daughter of William Peverill of Tregamman, Nevern and lived during the 12th century.  The Peverill family are said to have been amongst those who took part in the Norman conquest of Cemaes.  Matilda married Robert fitz Martin, who led the conquerors. Her marriage dowry included an estate of land which became known as Matilda's Grove.  According to Richard Fenton, Matilda's Grove amounted to 200 acres of forest, which had been cleared by the late 18th century.  

 

The Welsh name for the village, Trewyddel, may well be older than the English name. It can be translated as The Hamlet of the Thicket (Tre + Gwyddwal), which may support the idea that the area was once well wooded. An alternative translation is The Hamlet of the Irishman (Tre + Gwyddel), which is also a possible reflection of the Irish influence in Pembrokeshire in early times.  

 

Although Moylegrove is now seen as a somewhat remote corner of Pembrokeshire, the village developed close to the natural harbour at Ceibwr and was in no way isolated in earlier times.  It stand in a landscape which has Bronze Age and Iron Age archaeological sites and there is evidence that the hillfort at Caerau, to the northeast of the village, was reused as an early Christian burial site in early medieval times. 

 

By recent historic times the village had developed to include the parish church, two nonconformist chapels, several beer houses, a corn mill, smithy and its own school and post office. Sadly, most of these historic buildings no longer serve the purpose they were built for, but this in no way detracts from the rich heritage of Moylegrove, nor the its beautiful and peaceful setting.


Description:
Land at Treprisk was sold to John Bradshaw of St Dogmaels during the mid-16th century. Bradshaw built a new mansion here.

Comments:
Several footpaths run close to the house.


Description:
An early Christian inscribed stone, bearing a cross, was recorded built into a wall on the farm at Treprysg in 1859, by the vicar of St Dogmaels.  By 1896, the stone had been lost and it has not been seen since.  It was, however, illustrated in Archaeologia Cambrensis in 1861.


Description:
This stone stands 1.5 metres high and is 1.3 x 1 metre wide at base.  It is scheduled as a Bronze Age standing stone.


Description:
A Ieuan ap Rees is recorded as living at Trefaes in 1902.  When Jenkin Lloyd lived at Trefaes in 1670, the house was assessed for the Hearth Tax as having six hearths. During the 18th century a James family lived here and still owned the property in 1904.


Description:
This denuded Iron Age enclosure is one of the most fascinating archaeological sites in the district.  It was originally constructed in the Iron Age as a defended enclosure, on a low spur which offers good views of the surrounding landscape.  Archaeological excavations by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in 1979 revealed traces of Iron Age roundhouses within the enclosure, and also showed that a palisade fence originally stood on top of the earthwork rampart bank.  The excavations also revealed that the enclosure had been reused during the early medieval period as a Christian cemetery, and a radiocarbon date of the 7th century AD was obtained.

Comments:
This site is easily visible from the road to the west.


Description:
In 1979, excavations carried out by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust within the Iron Age defended enclosure at Gaer Bayvil uncovered evidence that the site had been re-used around the 7th century AD as a Christian burial ground.  Up to 50 graves were found, some of which were stone-lined cist graves.  A radiocarbon date obtained showed that one burial belonged to the period 650-890 AD.


Description:
This attractive rural chapel stands on high ground and offers fine views towards the Preseli hills to the south and southwest.  It was first built in 1824 and rebuilt in its present form in 1860.  It remains in use as a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
This large graveyard surround Penuel Cemaes chapel and remains in use and well maintained.


Description:
Cwmeog has a history extending back to at least the late 15th century.  It is recorded in 1470 as the property of Owain ap Ieuan ap Owain. In 1548 it was bought by William Owen of Henllys, and later passed to his son George Owen, Lord of Cemaes. It consisted of two farms at this time, Cwmeog Isaf and Uchaf, but eventually became a single holding. It passed through the descendants of George Owen until 1740, when it was sold to the Lloyds of Bronwydd.  Cwmeog survives as a farmstead.

Comments:
The former corn mill at the farm has been converted into a self-catering holiday cottage.


Description:
This enclosure appears on an aerial photograph taken in 1955 and was subject to excavations by the University of York in 1986.  The excavations proved that it was an Iron Age site, with some evidence of settlement, but the radiocarbon dates also showed that there was activity here well into the Roman period, possibly as late and the second half of the 4th century AD. The infilled ditch of the defences were found to be up to 3 metres deep.


Description:
This holy well, St Bridget's Well, was known to George Owen of Henllys, who mentioned the presence of a pilgrims or well-chapel at the site in the early 17th century.  There is no physical trace of the chapel today and the exact position of the well is also unknown.


Description:
St Bridget's Chapel was a pilgrims' or well-chapel mentioned in the early 17th century by George Owen of Henllys, associated with the holy well known as Pistyll Sant Ffraid (St Bridget's Well).  No trace of the chapel survives today.


Description:
Castell Henllys is probably the most studied and best understood Iron Age hillfort site in Wales.  Between 1981 and 2006, a series of annual excavations examined the site in great detail, leading to the reconstruction of a number of roundhouses and other buildings on the foundations of genuine Iron Age equivalents.  It depended on the steep slopes of the hill for protection on its north, east and south sides. The western half of the fort, where the slope was gentler, was protected by large rampart banks and deep ditches, including a chevaux-de-frise protecting the flatter ground outside the main gateway.  The gateway itself was found to be well-built in stone and its foundations, when excavated, showed the locations of guard chambers either side of the entrance.  The site was shown to have been occupied from the 4th century BC until the Roman conquest period in the 1st century BC, but also to have then become associated with a Romano-British settlement outside the ramparts, which persisted into the 1st and 2nd centuries AD.  Moreover, evidence was found of a reuse of the hillfort itself during early medieval times.  Today the site is managed by the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park and has a visitor centre, education centre, interpretation and a network of walks around the fort and its surroundings.


Description:
Immediately outside the entrance to the Iron Age hillfort at Castell Henllys, on a level terrace, archaeologists excavated the remains of a Romano-British settlement during the 1990s.  It was apparent that after the Roman conquest, the hillfort was abandoned but a new settlement established alongside it.  Roundhouses and rectangular buildings were found here, along with ample quantities of typically Roman pottery, such as Samian ware, Black Burnished ware and amphorae fragments.


Description:
This is a large multivallate hillfort, located on a rounded spur overlooking the coast to the west. It has three concentric rampart banks, each of which has its own ditch, although these features are now much reduced by centuries of ploughing.  Internally it measures about 100 metres by 80 metres.  In 1864 the Rev. H. Vincent, Vicar of St Dogmaels, wrote a lengthy article for Archaeologia Cambrensis describing the fort, speculating on its history and recording numerous tales and traditions associated with it and its neighbourhood.  Importantly, he documented evidence that farmers ploughing the land in and around the fort had come across cist graves, apparently Christian (orientated roughly east-west), which gives rise to the belief that Caerau may have been reused as a Christian burial ground in the early medieval period, similar to Gaer Bayvil.


Description:
This is the burial ground for Bethel Independent Chapel, Moylegrove. The gate pillars at the entrances are dated 1919.


Description:
A small cemetery, apparently begun in the later 20th century and thought likely to have been provided for use by the nearby Anglican church.


Description:
This large round barrow is measured at 1.8 metres high and 30 metres in diameter.  The site is reportedly now overgrown and difficult to reach as the public footpath which runs to it is also choked with vegetation.


Description:
This well-preserved Iron Age fort lies to the east of Moylegrove.  It is protected by a single rampart bank and ditch on its northeast side, with the steep slopes of the promontory giving protection to the other sides.  Internally it measures 90 metres by 30 metres.


Description:
St Andrew's stands on the site of a medieval church, but the present building dates to 1866, when an earlier church (built in 1814) was replaced. There is no evidence of the medieval church now known.


Description:
Hafod Grove was part of the Henllys estate during the 17th century.  It was known as Hafod, Hafod Glandwr and Hafod Grove at various times. In 1852, the Colby family of Ffynnone, Boncath bought the property and let it to tenants as a farm.

Comments:
The walled garden and pond of the former formal garden at Hafod Grove is recorded by the RCAHMW under NPRN 265254


Description:
This large quarry, working in 2011, supplies graded stone to a wide area.  Surprisingly, the former farmhouse of Pantgwyn, a Listed Building, stands within the quarried area.


Description:
Crugiau Cemaes is one of the most prominent and fascinating prehistoric monument groups in Pembrokeshire.  It consists of a group of Bronze Age round barrows, associated with a complex of archaeological features now only visible from the air and, as yet, poorly understood.  The barrows were first described by George Owen of Henllys in the early 17th century as "four little tumps", though he noted they could be seen from 40 miles away.  The antiquarian Edward Llwyd, assisted by his informant the Rev. William Gambold, Llanychaer, reported that Thomas Lloyd of Cwmgloyn had excavated several mounds here during the 1690s and found five cremation urns.  One of these was sent by Gambold to Llwyd at the Ashmolean Museum, where it remains.  Richard Fenton noted in the early 19th century that some of the barrows had been ploughed out or opened even before his day.  Today, three of the barrows are easily seen in the landscape, with another five either destroyed or greatly reduced by agricultural activity during the past 200 years.


Description:
The impressive Bronze Age burial mounds at Crugiau Cemaes have long been recognised and gave rise to the naming of part of Nevern parish as the Crugiau Quarter.  Within this part of the parish lies Crugiau farm, which is a successor to earlier tenements which date well back into medieval times. George Owen of Henllys recorded in 1603 that Crugiau was once the home of descendants of Gwynfardd Dyfed.  By Elizabethan times there was Crugiau Isaf and Crugiau Uchaf, the former in the hands of the Young family and the latter owned by the Owens of Henllys, Lords of Cemaes. It later became part of the Cwmgloyn estate, which was broken up in 1909.


Description:
Rhydyfantwn Mill is an attractive building, now used as a private dwelling.  It does not appear to be shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, so may well date to a slightly later period.  It was a working mill in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but was disused by the mid-20th century.


Description:
St Nicholas' was a medieval church which was replaced by a new building in 1860.  No known medieval fabric survives here now.  Its replacement was the work of the architect R.J Withers, who also rebuilt St Andrew's, Moylegrove.  The church has no electricity and uses paraffin wall lamps for lighting.  Murals of angels can be seen in the church.  The church serves the tiny parish of Monington, known in Welsh as Eglwys Wythwr (Church of Eight Men) to reflect the fact that only some eight homesteads once existed in the parish.  Today the church is only used regularly during the summer months, when the church at Moylegrove closes in preference of St Nicholas'.


Name:
ST NICHOLAS' PARISH CHURCHYARD, MONINGTON

Description:
This small churchyard surrounds St Nicholas' parish church.  A 19th century Bier House stands at the southern end of the churchyard.

Comments:
The Bier House is a listed building - No.12782


Description:
A large, working quarry which has been in operation since at least the1980s.


Description:
This site could not be found when visited by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in 2003.  When described by the RCAHMW in 1925, there were  two standing stones here, incorporated into a hedgebank between two fields called Cromlech Isaf and Cromlech Uchaf.  A third stone was said to lay nearby and these were the support stones for the lost capstone of a burial chamber or cromlech.  It is possible that the stones have become overgrown in the hedgerow or that the hedgerow has been taken out during the 20th century.


Description:
This unusual inscribed stone was found near Blaenawen in 1988.  It is decorated with a complex pattern which includes a cross and a possible anthromorphic design, including a human face.


Description:
Brithdir has become famous in recent years as the location of a collection of low-impact homes, including a modern roundhouse.  Its history extends back to at least the 16th century; there are records from the 1540s onwards of Brithdir as the home of a succession of minor gentry families. By the late 18th century it had divided into two farmsteads and Brithdir Mawr was in the possession of the Bowen family of Llwyngwair.


Description:
Holmws is said to have been first mentioned as early as 1276. The land had divided into three farmsteads by the 18th century, all of which were owned by the Bowens of Llwyngwair.


Description:
A mansion once stood close to the site of the present farmhouse at Llannerch and some traces of it were noted in the late 20th century. It was the residence of a Bowen family, descendants of Gwynfardd Dyfed, until the first half of the 17th century, after which time it became a farmstead.


Description:
Major Francis Jones discovered a reference to Trellwyn dating as far back as 1394-95, when one Howell ap Griffith ap Henry lived there. In the 17th century a branch of the Lloyd family of Cilciffeth lived at Trellwyn. They were followed by the Bateman family, originally from Honeyborough, Neyland, who still resided here in the early 19th century. From the late 19th century the Phillips family lived and farmed Trellwyn, and were still there in the late 20th century.


Description:
The Bateman family lived here by the late 16th century, descended from the Batemans of Honeyborough. The family died out in 1745.


Description:
During the 16th and 17th centuries a branch of the Bateman family, originally from Honeyborough, lived here.


Description:
Major Francis Jones reported that Cilgwyn was an ancient hamlet, which in medieval times had its own chapelry and developed to have two main farms, Cilgwyn and Cilgwyn Mawr. A branch of the Bowen family of Llwyngwair lived at Cilgwyn during the 17th century, whilst a branch of the Warren family of Trewern lived at Cilgwyn Mawr in the 18th century. Today, the farm of Cilgwyn is a successor to these old tenements.


Description:
The lost house of Cilrydd was located in the area of Coed Cilrydd woodland, near Pentre Ifan.  During the medieval period the family of Cuhelyn ap Gwynfardd Dyfed resided here, from whom many of the prominent families of Pembrokeshire descended. Einon o’r Coed (Einon ap Gwilym ap Gwrwared) lived here in the late 13th century.  The family later made Pentre Ifan their main homestead and in the 16th century the Bowen’s of Pentre Ifan owned both properties. During the 17th century, Coed was briefly occupied by members of the Owen family of Henllys, but reverted to the Bowen’s of Pentre Ifan and was described as a tenement of 20 acres called Plas y Coed in 1638.  Coed still existed as late as 1786, but then fell out of use it seems, and does not appear on the Ordnance Survey map of 1831,


Description:
Llystin was described by George Owen of Henllys as a once important mansion which had by the early 17th century become a farmstead or dairy.  The “llys” element of the name may signify that it is the site of an early medieval or medieval court.


Description:
This chapel was built in 1861 and restored in 1913. It remains in use as a place of worship in 2011. The former Chapel House stands next door to the northeast of the chapel.


Name:
PENFFORDD METHODIST CHAPEL BURIAL GROUND

Description:
This burial ground surrounds Penffordd Methodist chapel.


Description:
This former Baptist chapel was semi-derelict by the 1990s and was converted into a private dwelling by the early 21st century.  It was built in 1804 and rebuilt twice, in 1873 and 1915.  There was no burial ground attached to the chapel.


Description:
This former public house appears on the 1889 and 1907 Ordnance Survey maps but had been closed by the mid-20th century.  A modern dwelling stands on the site today.


Description:
This denuded Iron Age enclosure is no longer visible in the field and can only be seen on aerial photographs, on which it appears as a crop-mark. It consists of a small, circular enclosure, associated with a concentric annexe.  The enclosure measures about 70 metres in diameter and its entrance faced south, accessed along a 40 long trackway defined by the crop-mark of ditch either side.  These crop-mark ditches then turn westwards and eastward and would have originally formed a complete circuit around the inner enclosure to form a much larger outer enclosure or annexe.


Description:
This oval defended enclosure measured 75 metres by 65 metres and is now in a pasture field.  It had a single bank and ditch for defence, both of which are just discernable in the field and from the air.


Description:
St Mary's is an unusual and attractive rural church.  It was probably founded during the 14th century and much of the building dates to the 14th or 15th century, despite being restored in 1887.  The church has three-bay chancel and nave forming its northern side, and a parallel three-bay south aisle of the same size.  A projecting bellcote rises from the western gable-end of the nave, said to be 15th century in date. A medieval font stands in side the church, probably 13th to 14th century in date.


Description:
There is a small churchyard surrounding St Mary's.


Description:
Water from this well was said to have been used for baptisms in the nearby parish church and the well was thought to be a holy well in the early 20th century when the RCAHMW surveyed the parish.


Description:
Longridge is a large, double-pile mansion which stands apart from its modern farmstead complex, which lies just to the north. The settlement has a long history, documented by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire”.  It was a property of the Bishops of St David’s during medieval times and in 1292 the bishop’s stud was located here. During the 17th century the house and 700 acre farm were being rented to the Twining family and a lease to the family dating to 1688 describes Longridge as “the Grange of the Lordship of Llawhaden.”  The Skyrme family lived here during the 18th century and then the tenancy of Longridge passed through marriage to the influential Warren family.  Jane Warren, who held the tenancy became the wife of Sir Basil Keith, Governor of Jamaica. A survey of the Bishop’s estates in 1817 showed Longridge was still his property and amounted to 466 acres and the house.  It continued to be a property of the Bishop’s estate for many years afterwards.  It is now a working farm.


Description:
The site of a Bronze Age burnt mound or hearth, found to be almost wholly destroyed when visited by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in the 1990s.


Description:
This former mill is now a private dwelling.  The mill is named as Felin Trefgendeg on the 1831 Ordnance Survey 1 inch to 1 mile scale map. A mill leat appears to have brought water from the Cleddau near Tregendeg farm down to the mill, although there is no trace of this today.


Description:
This large mound, partly tree-covered is a scheduled ancient monument, thought to be a medieval castle mound or motte. It measures 21 metres in diameter and rises up over 4 metres high.


Description:
This stone railway bridge is supported by a tapering central pillar and has two rounded arches. It was built in 1851-2, when I.K. Brunel constructed the South Wales Railway line between Carmarthen and Neyland.


Description:
This mission church was built in the late 19th or early 20th century and shown on the 1907 Ordnance Survey map.  It had closed before the 1970s and was subsequently demolished. The boundary wall and gateway were still visible at the roadside in the early 21st century.


Description:
This is a crop-mark site, best seen from the air and on aerial photographs.  The sub-rectangular enclosure measures 80 metres by 70 metres and its bank and ditch now only survive as very low earthworks in a pasture field.  Caerolau I is recorded in the field to the southeast and is a possible defended enclosure, although there is doubt about its true character.


Description:
This rectangular earthwork is thought to be a medieval fortification or homestead. It consists of a ditched and banked enclosure, measuring 35 metres by 26 metres.


Description:
This former parish church has been in a ruinous state for many years and in 2011 the Dyfed Archaeological Trust reported that its wall have now been reduced to about 1 metre in height and much of the churchyard is used as a caravan park. Some gravestones are still in place, with others stacked near the church. The medieval church was rebuilt in 1839 and was a small, single-cell structure.


Description:
This churchyard is now within the area of Llandre Farm caravan park. Only a few gravestones survive in place, others are stacked near the ruined church.  The Carantacus Stone, and early medieval inscribed stone,  stood here in the 18th century. It is now kept in Llandysilio parish church.

Comments:
The Carantacus stone, an early medieval inscribed stone, originally came from the now ruined parish church of Llandre Egremont, but was moved to St. Tysilio's Church, Llandysilio for safe-keeping.


Description:
The present farmhouse at Llandre Egremont is a large, three-storey building, which was built as a country house by John Protheroe J.P. who served as the High Sheriff of Pembrokeshire in 1784.  The Protheroe coat of arms can still be seen above the main entrance. The family had resided at Llandre since the mid-17th century, the original mansion standing some 50 metres from the present house.  John Protheroe was in fact the last of his family to live here, but he moved to Stone Hall, St Lawrence, in 1793.
This farmhouse has a 1788 datestone and a coat of arms built into its walls.

Comments:
According the Francis Jones, the dovecote No. 1448 was contemporary with the original 17th century mansion. Its listed as being 19th century though.


Description:
This 19th century dovecote is two storeys high and has a slate roof. It stands close to the farmhouse at Llandre Egremont.


Description:
A small, circular enclosure, now only visible on aerial photographs. It measures about 45 metres in diameter and was protected by a single bank and ditch.


Description:
Pwllgwaelod lies in a broad cove on the western side of Dinas Island facing out into the Irish Sea.  It has been used throughout the centuries as a landing place for fishermen and coastal traders and according to local tradition smugglers. A lime kiln above the beach is evidence limestone was landed here during the 19th century.


Description:
There has been a small harbour at Cwm yr Eglwys for many centuries.  It lies on the eastern side of Dinas Island, sheltered from the worst of the Irish Sea storms.


Description:
Llwyncelyn farm was one of the meeting places in the area which was used by Baptists before Blaenconin chapel was built in Llandysilio.


Description:
This Iron Age site measures 70 metres east to west by 45 metres in area.  Along its northern side it is defined by the top of a steep slope, which falls northwards to the Cleddau Ddu. A semi-circular rampart bank forms the enclosure perimeter.  This bank is now denuded and survives as a low, spread earthwork feature, about 8 metres wide and up to 0.5 metres high.  The external ditch around this rampart is just visible, being 0.3 metres deep and now almost wholly infilled.


Description:
This impressive, bivallate hillfort stands at the southern edge of the Cleddau Ddu, with the top of the steep valley slope forming the northern side of the enclosure's defences. The fort consists of an outer rampart and ditch, which encloses and area measuring some 125 metres by 100 metres.  This bank still stands up to 2 metres high, measured from the bottom of the external ditch to the top of the bank.  Within this enclosure lies an inner enclosure, which measures 60 metres north to south by 40 metres and is defended by another bank, with an internal ditch.  Castell Gwyn has not been excavated, but several small cannonballs were reportedly turned up by ploughing  in the vicinity of the hillfort during the early part of the 19th century.


Description:
Dyffryn Conin farm was one of the meeting places in the area which was used by Baptists before Blaenconin chapel was built in Llandysilio.

Comments:
Public footpath CA1/19/1 passes close to the farmyard.


Description:
The Square & Compass was an inn which stood alongside the main road south of Clunderwen. It is not shown on the 1831 1 inch to 1 mile Ordnance Survey map, but does appear on the 1890 1:2500 OS map. It appears on later OS maps up until the 1960s but by 1970-1971 is no longer mapped as a Public House.  It has been converted into a private dwelling.


Description:
This small country house was built during Victorian times, probably in the mid-19th century, but in the Georgian style.


Description:
The Roman road which ran west of Carmarthen, known to antiquarians as Via Julia, can now be traced for some 44 kilometres and extends as far as Wiston in Pembrokeshire, beyond which its course is uncertain.  A section of the road runs south of Clunderwen and is here overlain in part by a post-medieval road,

Comments:
This road is recorded as RRN20 in the "Roman Frontiers in Wales and the Marches", Burnham & Davies ed., 2010.


Description:
The name of this well, which translates as "The Brothers' Well" has been thought to suggest it is a medieval holy well associated perhaps with the monks of Whitland Abbey, who had grange land in this area.


Description:
This unusual earthwork has been identified as a possible Neolithic henge monument, but its form suggests otherwise.  It is markedly rectilinear in plan, defined by earthwork banks, up to 2 metres high, and measures up 120 metres long northwest to southeast by 90 metres.  Unusually, the enclosed area is sunk into the ground and there is no clear entrance into it, nor any surface evidence of an external defensive ditch.   This site is an impressive monument, but at present archaeologists cannot explain its date or purpose.  Further archaeological investigation is required.


Description:
A Roman coin dated to the reign of Domitian (AD81 - AD96) was found near Pen Brwynen.  It is now kept at Tenby Museum.


Description:
Ty Hen is described by Major Francis Jones in his "Historic Homes of Carmarthenshire".   Ty Hen is recorded as being the home of Thomas ap Rhydderch in 1589.  From the mid-17th century until the early 19th century the Rice family lived here.  The Rev. Theophilus Rice of Ty Hen was a 17th century vicar of Llandysilio and is son Morgan Rice of Tyhen was a vicar of Maenclochog.  This was also an early meeting place used by local Baptists before Blaenconin Chapel was built in Llandysilio.


Description:
This round barrow has been worn down by many years of ploughing, but still stands 0.9 metres high and measures about 34 metres in diameter.


Description:
This historic home is first mentioned in 1634. It is still lived in today. It was the home of a branch of the influential Gower family from 1840 onwards and they rebuilt the house in 1864. Their two-storey country residence still stands and is used to the present day.   It is described by Major Francis Jones in his "Historic Carmarthenshire Homes"


Description:
This site survives as a cropmark, visible from the air.  It consists of a small enclosure, just below 50 metres in diameter, which appears to have been itself set within a larger, outer enclosure, some 160 metres in diameter.  The entrance was through the outer defensive bank and ditch on the southern side, with antennae ditches flanking the track which would have run into the inner enclosure.


Description:
A pair of round barrows, both at least 25 metres in diameter and up to 1 metre high. They stand close together but are divided by a field boundary  bank.


Description:
A standing stone once stood in this field. It was moved in 1778, and reused as a central pillar in a two-arched doorway in a barn built at Glanrhyd farm, northeast of its original location.  The stone still stands there, part of listed building.


Description:
Castell Dwyran church has origins in the early medieval period.  The present building dates to 1876, when the medieval church was taken down and replaced.  During that work, the famous Voteporix Stone was found here. This commemorates an early king of Irish descent, named Voteporix, who ruled over ancient Demetia or Dyfed. He was alive around AD550 and therefore it is suspected that Christian church and burial site was present at Castell Dwyran in the 6th century AD.  The Roman Road from Carmarthen to Pembrokeshire passes close to the north of the church and there is an apparent association with Roman activity and early Christian foundations in Wales.

Comments:
The church stands at the edge of a farmyard and access is along the farm road. It is not clear what public rights of access there currently are.


Description:
There is a small churchyard surrounding the parish churchyard at Castell Dwyran, with some gravestones and burial monuments. The likelihood of it overlying a medieval or even early medieval burial ground increases its importance.


Description:
The Voteporix Stone was found at Castell Dwyran church during the repair of the churchyard wall in 1880.  The stone was soon after erected to the front of Gwarmacwydd House, Llanfallteg, but is now kept at Carmarthenshire Museum, Abergwili.  It is said that the stone commemorates the 6th century ruler of Dyfed, Vortepor, who was of Irish descent.  It is a bilingual stone, in Latin and Irish Ogham.  Vortepor was named in the work of the 6th century writer Gildas, who in AD540 described him as the tyrant of Demetia.  It is also thought that the spelling of the name as Voteporigis on the stone may signify that it is not the 6th century Vortepor who is commemorated, but a later member of his dynasty with a similar name.


Description:
There is a tradition that there was once a castle near the parish church, its name Castell Dwy Ran (a castle in two parts) derived from it being divided between two sisters. The castle, if it ever existed has long disappeared.


Description:
Glanrhyd is described by Major Francis Jones in his "Historic Carmarthenshire Homes" as being built in the late 17th century. The RCAHMW dates the present house to the 1770s and probably having been built for Evan Griffiths, who served as a Sheriff of Carmarthenshire.  The house and a number of outbuildings are listed buildings.  Glanrhyd appears to be a working farm.


Description:
Llwynyrebol was an extensive grange or estate belonging to Whitland Abbey in medieval times.  It is thought that Llwynyrebol Farm occupies the site of the main focus of the medieval grange, where there was a water mill. A large mill-pond is still present next to the farmhouse. The site is now occupied by post-medieval and modern farm buildings, but the house and the historic outbuildings were derelict when surveyed by the RCAHMW in 2005.


Description:
A denuded round barrow in a pasture field.  It measures about 0.4 metres high by 11 metres in diameter. The adjacent field boundary to the south east seems to have been constructed to curve slightly to avoid the mound.


Description:
A possible round barrow, measuring 12 metres in diameter and up to 0.3 metres high was recorded here in the 1980s.  When visited by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in 2001, it could not be found and was presumed to have been destroyed.


Description:
A large Iron Age defended enclosure which has been partly incorporated into the modern field system, although most of its defensive banks have been ploughed down over the centuries and its ditches infilled.  The northern and eastern sides are overlain by a hedge and still stand up to about 2 metres high.  The rest of the earthworks are now a metre or less in height.  Its basic form consists of a slightly oval main enclosure, which measures about 110 metres east to west by 105 metres north to south.  Attached to the southern end of this enclosure is a smaller sub-circular enclosure about 30 metres by 20 metres and may have served as an elaborate entry point into the main enclosure.


Description:
Ciliau  is described by Major Francis Jones in his "Historic Carmarthenshire Homes".  It is said to have been the home of a Mathias family in the 17th century and John Mathias of Ciliau Fawr died in 1765 and in his will established a trust fund for the education of poor children of Llandysilio parish. By the 1860s, Ciliau was part of the Gower families Clynderwen House estate.  There are now four working farms here, called Ciliau Fach, Ciliau Fawr, Ciliau Ganol and Ciliau Uchaf.  It seems from the evidence of the 1831 Ordnance Survey map that the site of Ciliau Fawr has moved about 200 metres to the north of its original site.

Comments:
A public footpath passes thought the famrmyard CA1/12/1


Description:
One of Pembrokeshire's most successful slate quarries, Gilfach may have origins in the 16th century and from an early date its slate was exported down the Cleddau estuary from Blackpool quay.  Reputedly, some slate from here was used to roof the Houses of Parliament in Westminster when they were rebuilt in the 1830s. The quarry worked under various, such as the Whitland Abbey Green Slate Quarries from 1896 and, and the Precelly Green in the early 20th century.  The quarry survived into the second half of the 20th century and sold roofing slates to important buildings such as the Victoria & Albert Museum in London and Aberystwyth University. Its last major contract was to clad buildings at Llysyfran Reservoir.  It finally closed in 1987.

Comments:
A public footpath passes though the site.


Description:
A socketed bronze-axe head of Bronze Age date was reportedly found in the vicinity of Llandysilio, some years prior to 1888, when it was recorded by Edward Laws in "Little England Beyond Wales".  The fate of the axe-head is unknown.


Description:
This round barrow was excavated in 1913 and found to contain a cremation burial.  The ashes were interred in a stone-lined cist made up of two side slabs with a large capstone laid flat across the top.  Flint scrapers and cores were found with the burial.  The barrow mound is now ploughed down and measures about 20 metres in diameter, being 0.5 metres high. It is located in a pasture field.

Comments:
A public footpath PP40/10/1 passes just east of the barrow.


Description:
Penrath was one of several locations used as a meeting place for local Baptists before Blaenconin chapel was built in Llandysilio.


Description:
Llandysilio village is underlain by two parallel dark lines, which are thought to represent the infilled ditches of a Neolithic cursus.  They can be seen on some aerial photographs, running northwestwards from the playing fields to the east of the school.  In total the lines can be traced for about 700 metres and they are approximately 25 metres apart.


Description:
This oval enclosure is now really only visible on some aerial photographs. It measures about 100 metres long, southeast to northwest, by 60 metres wide.  There appear to be entrances in the northeast and southwest sides of the enclosure, and possible infilled ditches approaching from either direction may also mark the line of approaching trackway.  A number of small pits can be seen outside the enclosure on aerial photographs and some of these were excavated by students from Trinity College, Carmarthen in the early 21st century. The excavations only found material of early medieval date and the significance of this is unclear.


Description:
A historic home described by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire.” It was  the vicarage for Llandysilio and during the mid-19th century was the home of the eccentric vicar, the Rev. Edward Harries.  In 1838, he stripped parts of the medieval parish church and had them incorporated into the house and garden.  The medieval church door was used as an entrance to the garden for example.  Harries also built a private chapel at Bryndyssil. A new vicarage was built closer to the church in the late 19th century and Bryndyssil is now a private dwelling.

Comments:
The private chapel at Bryndyssil, built during the 19th century, was derelict by the early 21st century. The RCAHMW record it as NPRN 11729.


Description:
St Tysilio's stands in a large churchyard to the western side of Llandysilio village.  The site may well have early medieval origins as a place of worship, for there are several early medieval inscribed stones built into the fabric of the present building.  The earliest references to the church date to the 13th century. The medieval church building was stripped of many original features during extensive renovations carried out in 1838, with further rebuilding undertaken in 1898.  The present church is therefore a largely 19th century construction, although some core fabric of the chancel and nave is probably medieval in date. It is a simple structure with a bellcote at its western end.


Description:
The churchyard in which St Tysilio's church stands may well have been used as the site of Christian worship and burial since early medieval times.  It is also possible that the enclosure itself was originally an Iron Age defended enclosure, although this has not been archaeologically proven.  The churchyard is still used for burials and is well-maintained with a large number of gravestones.  A small community garden has been created at the western end of the churchyard.  At the eastern end is a fine lychgate, which has a 1699 datestone set in it, although it was in fact rebuilt (with the original stones) during the 20th century.


Description:
This stone was first recorded in 1745 by Lewis Morris, when it stood in the churchyard.  In 1833, it was noted as lying against the church wall.  It is now built into the south wall of the church, which was probably done when the church was restored in 1838.  The inscription says CLVTORIGI FIL(I) PAVLINI MARINILATIO, which is translated as "Clutorix son of Paulinus Marinus of Latium".  It is thought to date to the 5th to 7th centuries AD.  The two names are particularly interesting as Clutorix (Welsh Clodri) is a Brythonic name, whilst Paulinus Marinus is clearly a Latin name of an individual of Roman origin or descent.


Description:
This stone is thought to date to the 5th or 6th century AD and bears the partial inscription "RIAT".  It was probably built into its present position in the external face of the south wall of the church when the building was restored in 1838, but was not noticed until 1898.


Description:
This stone is built into the external face of the south wall of the church and was first noted here in 1860, presumably having been put in place when the building was restored in 1838.  It is thought to date to the 6th or early 7th century AD. The inscription says EUOLENGGI FILI LITOGENI HIC IACIT which translates as "Evolenggus son of Litogenus, he lies here". Evolenggus is thought to be a Brythonic name, and it also occurs on a bilingual Latin - Irish ogham stone at Clydau church further to the north. The origin of Litogenus is not known.


Description:
This cross-inscribed stone is built into the outside of the southwest corner of the church and was already in that position when first noted in 1859. It is thought to date to the 7th or 8th century AD.


Description:
This stone was originally kept at St Michael's Church, Llandre Egremont.  It was moved to Llandysilio when the former church fell into decay. The Latin inscription simply names CARANTACUS, which is a Brythonic personal name and probably dates to the 6th century AD.  A cross was later carved across the top of the stone, partly obscuring the start of the name.


Description:
Felin Ficer or Vicars Mill was a corn mill and is first mentioned in a document dating to 1779.  It was in use into the early 20th century, but had stopped working by the First World War. The significance of the name "Vicars Mill" is not known.


Description:
The only recorded surface evidence of this site is a 50 metre long section of earth rampart, running roughly north to south, with traces of an external ditch along its eastern side.  At its northern end, a late 20th century silage pit had cut across the earthwork.  It is thought that this bank is all that is left of the defences of an enclosure of unknown size, which enclosed the top of a low hill.  However, a minor road has cut through the area of the former enclosure, and the boundaries of the field to the southwest of this road may define the rest of the circuit of the enclosure banks.  The southern edge of the field is formed by the top of a steep escarpment slope, and would have offered a strong defensive position for an enclosure positioned here.


Description:
The Bush was in existence by the 1820s, as a beer house although it was also a farm of 82 acres. It was called the Hollybush at that time and was probably opened after the turnpike road between Narberth and Cardigan was built through Llandysilio. It is said that the Bush and the Royal Exchange, a farm on the opposite side of the main road, were originally part of the same property.  Travellers stayed at the Bush, whilst their horses were be stabled at the Royal Exchange. The Bush was traditionally popular with passing gypsies and until the mid-20th century fairs and circuses were held in the field behind the pub.  The original pub was largely demolished during the 1990s and a new, larger building erected in its place.


Description:
The Pwllcwarre Arms is recorded as an ale house in 1822 as the "Quarrow".  It was run by the Griffiths family for most of the 19th century, but was closed before the First World War. It is now a private house next door to the village post office.


Description:
A public house named "The Fountain" was located here at the time of the 1861 census.  Its landlord was one James Howells.  It had ceased to be a pub by the time of the 1871 census. The original building had been demolished by the early 20th century and a private house now stands on the site.


Description:
The Saddlers Arms was run by Thomas James, a saddler, from 1871 until 1875, when he moved to keep the Pwllcwarre Arms, further south in the village. The Saddlers had various landlords up until the First World War but it closed around that time. It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
The Angel Inn has served Llandysilio since the 1840s and remains open in 2011.  This despite an attempt by the Dyffryn & Cleddau Temperance Society to close the pub down in 1925, when the Baptist minister of Blaenconin presented a petition to the magistrates arguing that there were too many pubs in the village and that the Angel was not required.


Description:
This former smithy stands alongside the main road through Llandysilio.  It is a small stone shed, still roofed and with a double door facing the road.  It was a working smithy during the late 19th century and continued in use beyond the Second World War. In the early 20th century the village smith was Edward Rees, known as "Ned y Gof" who made, amongst other things, iron bands for wheels made by the village wheelwright, Theophilus Thomas or "Offi Saer".  Watching the hot bands being put onto  new wheels was a popular entertainment for the children of the village in that period.


Description:
Pisgah Independent Chapel was first built in 1826, although the cause began prior to this, with meetings held in the parish almshouse. The cause did not prosper initially, and many members emigrated to America in the 1850s.  Despite this, in 1859 the chapel was rebuilt and enlarged to accommodate more people.  Another restoration in 1864 created seating for 450.  Land for a burial ground was soon added and a chapel house also built. In 1867 it was again rebuilt and reopened in 1870.  It had 145 members in 1873.  The present chapel building dates to 1902.


Description:
Pisgah has a large graveyard, including the main area around the chapel itself and a later plot, in an adjacent field to the southwest.  There are a large number of gravestones and monuments within this well-kept burial ground.


Description:
This is a grey, granite monument which commemorates local men who died during the First and Second World Wars. It was unveiled on March 1st, 1922.

Comments:
UK National War Memorials Inventory No.50327


Description:
The parish almshouse has stood here since at least the mid-18th century.  It was in use as an almshouse during the 19th century.  It would appear that there were two cottages joined together.  In modern times the cottage closest to the main road has been converted into a private dwelling.  The second cottage is intact, and has not been modernised, but has evidently been empty for many years.


Description:
The village school was built on this site in the late 19th century, as the Brynconin Board School, a non-denominational foundation.  It was the successor to the Blaenconin British School, which stood at Blaenconin Chapel.  Brynconin extended in 1969 and officially reopened by the poet Waldo Williams.  The school remains open in 2011.


Description:
Education began in Llandysilio with the circulating schools of the Rev. Griffith Jones, Llanddowror in the mid-18th century. Other private schools were held on farms such as Ciliau Uchaf, Tyhen and Eithinduon and at the parish church in this period. When the infamous "Blue Books" on the state of education in Wales were published in 1847, there was a national endeavour to improve the provision of education for the nation's children. In 1847, a group of local subscribers, all nonconformists, came together to establish the Blaenconin British School.  The school was eventually built in 1852 and its first schoolmaster was John Evans, the minister of Blaenconin Chapel. The school was replaced by Brynconin Board School by the end of the 19th century.  The building is now the chapel vestry.


Description:
Blaenconin Baptist Chapel has its roots in the early Baptist cause at Rhydwilym.  There were many Baptists in the district from the 17th century onwards, but it wasn't until 1844 that Blaenconin Chapel itself  was first built, when 90 members of Ffynnon Baptist Chapel were released to help found the new church.  The chapel was rebuilt in 1862 and a daughter chapel was also founded at Llawhaden at this time. Between 1909 and 1962, the minister here was the Rev. D.J. Michael, who was an influential figure in the district.  Blaenconin is perhaps most notable as the home chapel of the family of the eminent poet Waldo Williams (1904-1971), who is buried here.


Description:
The large and well-maintained graveyard associated with Blaenconin Baptist Chapel has many interesting gravestones and memorials.  Amongst the most significant are those of the poet Waldo Williams (1904-1971) and the long-serving minister, the Rev. D.J. Michael.


Description:
The baptistery for Blaenconin Chapel is found to the southern side of the graveyard. It is a concrete lined tank, set into the ground.


Description:
The Nantyffin Motel was founded by Henry Thomas in the 1950s.  It has served as a popular local facility to the present day, for a wide range of functions. It was enlarged and modernised in the early 21st century.


Description:
A historic home described by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire.”  Brynaeron is a small country house which was the home of the Gwynne family from the mid-18th century. During the 1840s, a staunch Baptist family resided here and religious meetings were held here before Blaenconin chapel was built in Llandysilio village.  Their son, the Rev. Theophilus Evan Thomas went on to be the minister of Blaenllyn and Newton chapels.  His son, Abel Thomas Q.C. lived here in the early 20th century.


Description:
The cause at Rhydwilym Baptist chapel was founded in 1668, at a time when gatherings for nonconformist worship were prohibited by law.  The early adherents to the cause had to worship in secret, but they showed determination and some bravery in not only worshipping locally, but also actively helping to set up groups across the wider district, to the south and north of the Preselis and up to the Teifi valley and eastwards into Carmarthenshire. 
 
It was only after the Act of Toleration was passed in 1689 it became possible for nonconformists to worship openly. The first chapel was not built at Rhydwilym until 1701. The land was donated by John Evans of Llwyndwr farm, who also paid for the erection of the first chapel.
 
Rhydwilym has been rebuilt and restored on a number of occasions, the last major rebuilding taking place in 1875, when the present chapel was built. The chapel is now a listed building and claims to be the oldest active Welsh Baptist chapel in the world. In front of the chapel are the former chapel house and also a building which originally housed a stable downstairs and a schoolroom upstairs.  Both are mid-19th century in date and now also listed buildings.  In 2011 there are plans to create a museum celebrating the heritage of the cause here.

Comments:
The chapel, stable block & schoolroom and the chapel house are listed buildings.  Their respective numbers are 18872, 18873 and 18874.


Description:
The original graveyard of Rhydwilym chapel. It is full of interesting gravestones and memorials of 19th and 20th century date.  A new burial ground is now used by the chapel, located 200 metres to the southeast.


Description:
This is the modern burial ground for Rhydwilym chapel, which lies 200 metres away to the northwest.  Benches and flower beds are provided here for those visiting the graveyard.


Description:
Llwyndwr is a three-storeyed county residence which was the residence of the important Baptist figure John Evans (he died 1795 at Llwyndwr).  Evans was originally from Glanrhyd, but moved to Llwyndwr in the second half of the 17th century. He is celebrated for his kindness in donating the land for the first chapel at Rhydwilym built in 1689, and for meeting the costs of construction from his own pocket.  Llwyndwr remained in the hands of his descendents until the 19th century , but was later let to farming tenants.  It is one of the houses described by Major Francis Jones in his book "Historic Carmarthenshire Homes and their Families"


Description:
This small chapel is said to have been built in 1906-1907, out of corrugated tin sheets, and was known locally as the "Tin Temple". It is shown as a Methodist chapel on the 1971 Ordnance Survey map. It was apparently closed in the 1980's and was afterwards converted into a private dwelling. It still stands in 2011.


Description:
The village of Clunderwen only began to grow when the South Wales Railway was constructed through this area during the 1850s.  When the lined opened in 1854, a railway station was positioned on the line at a convenient location to serve the town of Narberth to the south. This station was originally named Narberth Road, but by 1865 was changed to "Clynderwen" to reflect the proximity of Clynderwen House, which was at that time in the hands of the influential Gower family, and the fact that a small village had already begun to grown around the station, independent of Narberth.  The importance of the location was enhanced not only by its proximity to Narberth, but also due to the fact that the railway crossed the main Tenby to Cardigan road at this point; from 1863 to 1865 the station was even called "Narberth Road for Cardigan" to reflect this fact.
 
The railway and station were quickly joined by a number of public houses and a hotel, and a small nucleus of cottages and shops were soon gathered around the road and rail junction.  By the first decade of the 20th century there was even a chapel and a church added to the settlement.  Throughout the 20th century the village has continued to grow, with new housing estates added and some expansion along the main road, even though the growth of road transport has in many respects lessened the importance of the railway to the local economy.


Description:
St David's church was built during the 1860s as a more convenient place of worship for local Anglicans as Clynderwen village began to grow after the arrival of the railway in the area.  It remains open as a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
Originally a Reading Room, which was gifted to the people of Clunderwen village, this building was converted into an infants school, which was open from 1907 until 1950.  It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
This station was originally opened when the South Wales railway opened between Carmarthen and Haverfordwest in 1854.  It was at first known as the "Narberth Road for Cardigan and Tenby Station", but the name was changed to "Narbeth Road for Cardigan" in 1863 and then "Clynderwen" in 1865.  This last change shows the increasing importance of Clunderwen village by the mid-1860s.  In 1876, the "Narberth Road and Maenclochog Railway" was founded, and the line tot Maenclochog diverged from the main line about 2km to the west of Clunderwen Station. There are platforms either side of the double track here, but the original station buildings and facilities have been removed and now only simple shelters are found here. Both sides are now request stops.


Description:
In the early 19th century there was an ale house known as the Boar's Head in the Grondre area, but its location is not known.  The Weary Team was open in the same area during the middle part of the 19th century.  It is said that carters carrying lime from the Ludchurch area would stop here for refreshment on their journey northwards, and that this gave rise to the pub name.  It was run by a Mary Thomas at the time of the 1841 census, but ceased trading soon afterwards.  However, the Weary Team continued to be used to stable horses, with travellers then crossing the road to the Square & Compass for refreshment.  The Weary Team is now a private dwelling.


Description:
The Narberth Arms was trading by 1867, although it may possibly be the same place as the Railway Hotel which was trading a few years earlier. It was located close to the Clunderwen railway station and was known as "The Nackie" locally.  It is said that the Clynderwen Farmers Co-operative was established at a meeting held in the loft of the pub stables in 1904. It ran throughout the 20th century and one of its last owners was the Welsh comedian Ronnie Davies, of Ryan and Ronnie fame. It finally closed in during the 1990s. In the early 21st century the building was associated with a forge.


Description:
The Iron Duke was opened in December 1853 shortly after the arrival of the main railway line at Clunderwen, and a few weeks before the nearby railway station was opened, to take advantage of the opportunity to provide accommodation and refreshment to travellers. The inspiration came from Captain William Protheroe of Dolwilym House, who arranged that a prefabricated corrugated building be erected on the site.  It was named the Iron Duke to commemorate the Duke of Wellington, who had died only a year earlier. In 1889, the pub was destroyed by fire, but it was soon replaced by a new, stone building, which survives to the present day.  It is the only public house in Clunderwen in 2011.


Description:
The Masons's Arms was opened by a mason named David Peregrine in the 1860s.  He had previously been the landlord at an inn called the Wheatensheaf in Clunderwen village. The Masons' was the southernmost in a row of terraced houses along the main road into the village from the north, known as Masons' Row. The pub closed in 1922, but the building still stands today, but as a private dwelling.


Description:
This grey granite column was erected in memory of the local men who gave their lives during the First World War.  The names of those who fell in the Second World War have also been added.


Description:
This short lived public house opened as Raffles night club during the 1980s.  It was converted into a pub in 1989 but closed within a few years. It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
This site consists of a central defended enclosure, measuring 55 metres in diameter, now surviving as a shallow hollow in a field, surrounded by a very low, ploughed out bank.  It was approached from the south by a ditched trackway.  From the southern ends of the trackway, a bank and ditch of an outer annexe ran around the central enclosure, creating a larger enclosure, almost 200 metres in diameter.  Very little surface evidence of the site remains and it is best seen on aerial photographs as a crop mark site.

Comments:
This site is shown in the RCAHMW publication "Pembrokeshire from the air", page 166-167 (2007).


Description:
This site consists of an oval, ditched enclosure, which measures approximately 80 metres east to west by 60 metres.  On its western side, about 80 metres from the central enclosure,  traces of a concentric, larger enclosure can be seen.  Within this larger enclose are also faint traces of other cropmark features which have cannot be properly interpreted at present.  The whole complex is best seen on aerial photographs when they appear as cropmarks, and there is very scant surface evidence of any of the features on the ground.


Description:
This is one of the best preserved Iron Age concentric enclosures in the district.  It consists of a central, ditched enclosure, which measures approximately 60 metres in diameter.  It is surrounded by a much larger concentric enclosure, which measures up to 230 metres in diameter.  A trackway, which appears to survive as a slight hollow way in the landscape, runs from the northeast, into the outer enclosure and proceeds on to the entrance into the inner enclosure.


Description:
This round barrow measures 25 metres in diameter and over 1 metre high.  It was validated in the field by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in 2004.  A ring barrow, reportedly located a short distance to the south of the round barrow, could not be identified in the field in 2004.


Description:
This field is named on the parish tithe map, and Parc 'rhen fynwent translates into English as "Old Cemetery Field".  This implies that a lost Christian burial ground was located here, possibly associated with the "betws" or oratory which is thought to be commemorated in the nearby farm name Dolbetws, just 300 metres to the north.  A farm named Grange, now deserted, also lies 200 metres to the west and is likely to have been a monastic site during medieval times.


Description:
This former smithy stands alongside a minor road and opposite Rhyd Afallen house.  The smithy is shown on the 1889 and 1908 1:2500 Ordnance Survey maps.


Description:
This appears to be the site of a bivallate Iron Age enclosure. Only the northern part of the enclosure is now visible on aerial photographs, with only slight traces of the southern half of the site.  A slight earthwork bank is visible in the field where surviving portion of the enclosure is located, and can be picked out in low sunlight.  The site is found in a triangular field parcel, between two minor roads which converge at the southern end of the field.  If the circuit of the banks and ditches were complete, the enclosure is likely to measure approximately 40 metres in diameter.


Description:
This is the site of a railway station built along the line of the Maenclochog Railway in the 1870s. The edge of the station platform is still visible along the former track bed, but the building that stood here has been demolished and the site is now overgrown.


Description:
St Non's is known to have been in existence in the 13th century AD, when it was named as "Ecclesia de Kevyn" by Bishop Bek of St David's in 1287 and also named in the Taxatio of Pope Nicholas IV, in 1291.  It was a free chapel associated with Llawhaden parish during the reign of Edward VI in the 16th century, but by 1600 was a parish church in its own right.  The medieval church had a tower, but this has long collapsed and been removed.  The present building largely dates to a rebuild of 1904, with less than 10% of the fabric said to be medieval in date. Only the south wall of the nave, the chancel arch and an associated wall where the rood stair was located are medieval.  St Non's stands in a large circular churchyard.  The dedication to the Celtic saint was made in the 20th century; the church was not  traditionally associated with any saint.  This church is no longer a place of worship and was for sale in 2011.  The former vicarage is situated 120 metres to the east of the church.


Description:
The churchyard around St Non's Parish Church is relatively large, being nearly 50 metres in diameter, and sub-circular in form.  It contains many gravestones and memorial stones. The church is for sale in 2011, but the churchyard itself will presumably be preserved as there are 20th century burials within it.


Description:
This former farmstead was the home of the Twyning family from the late 17th century until the late 18th century. It appears to be a dwelling now.


Description:
A well-preserved late 18th or early 19th century road bridge, with a single span across the Eastern Cleddau.  A parish boundary stone is built into the parapet, marking the boundary between Llanycefn and Llandysilio parishes.


Description:
This corn mill seems to be mid-19th century in origin, as it is not shown on the 1831 1 inch to 1 mile scale Ordnance Survey map.  It does appear as a working corn mill on the 1890 and 1908 1:2500 Ordnance Survey maps.  By the time of the 1953 edition of the map the mill buildings to the north of the road had vanished and only the mill cottage, to the south of the road survived.  Today the cottage remains occupied as a private house.


Description:
An inn known as the Cross Inn is shown on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map, and shown again as the Cross Arms on the 1908 map.  The 1911 census shows that a Morris James was the landlord here at that time.  It was apparently opened by a local farmer, Griffith Thomas, in the late 1860s in anticipation of the development of trade when the railway opened.  It continued to serve the local community until closure in 1929.  Locally it was known as the "Eden".


Description:
No information has been found relating to this property, other than to say that it does not appear at all on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map, or any earlier maps.  It is present on the 1908 Ordnance Survey map, but not named.  It is only shown as Llanycefn Mill on Ordnance Survey maps from the 1970s onwards.  It is possible that it was built as a woollen mill or factory at the end of the 19th century, as an unoccupied property described simply as "Factory" is recorded in the 1901 census returns for this part of the parish of Llanycefn.  The position of the northernmost of two buildings on the site at the edge of the stream is suggestive of a water-powered mill being located here.  The main building, close by to the south, has been enlarged and is now a private dwelling.


Description:
Originally opened as the Dolfelfed Board School in 1876, this small rural school served the area until closure in the 1960s.  In 1979, the former school was purchased and reopened as the Nantycwm Steiner School, and continues to be open to the present day (2011).


Description:
Felin Llwydiarth was a corn mill which operated through the 19th century and a miller was still living here in 1901, although his employment status had changed to "Farmer" by the time of the 1911 census.

Comments:
A public footpath runs close to the north of the property PP55/28/1, linking it to Rhydwilym Chapel across the Cleddau to the east, although this route is not signposted or accessible in 2011. Another bridleway joins this from the west PP55/30/2.


Description:
An early 19th century cottage which has been restored and maintained by the local authority as a museum.  It was last lived in in 1967 and the original furnishings, largely unchanged since the 19th century, remain in the house.  The building has been rethatched and is a rare example of its kind in the modern landscape.


Description:
A ruined building, which is shown as a smithy on late 19th and early 20th century Ordnance Survey map.


Description:
This small quarry is one of a group of slate quarries worked in the district during the 19th and 20th centuries.  It is shown as a working quarry on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map but had ceased working by 1900.  Today the tips and quarry cut are surrounded by woodland. Older quarry workings are found southeast and east, the former shown as an "Old Quarry" by the Ordnance Survey in 1891.

Comments:
A public footpath passes just to the southwest PP55/31/1.


Description:
Llwydiarth was a possession of the Bishops of St Davids in medieval times, as part of the estates attached to their castle at Llawhaden.  It was mentioned by the English traveller John Leland, during his tour of Wales in the late 1530s, who notes it as a forest where red deer were kept.  The modern place names Llandeilo Llwydiarth, Llwydiarth, Blaenllwydarth and Llwydiarth Mill are undoubtedly found within the area of the medieval deer park..


Description:
This is an Iron Age inland promontory fort, situated on top of an east-facing valley slope and occupying a triangular spur, protected by steep slopes falling away to the north, east and south.  The site is now almost completely obscured by a coniferous plantation, although its western end is more open.  It is here that two large earthwork ramparts and their associated ditches can be seen, protecting the enclosure from any threat from the level ground to the west.  The inner bank is over 3 metres high and the outer bank about 2 metres high. The inner ditch is about 1 metre deep but the outer ditch is now silted up and virtually unrecognisable.  These banks curve around the western side of the enclosure for about 45 metres in length.  It is worth noting that there appear to be further earthworks in the field to the west of the scheduled area.  It is not known if these are related to the fort.  The eastern end of the fort, interestingly, lies over a railway tunnel cut for the Maenclochog Railway.

Comments:
A public footpath runs through the western side of the site, it is numbered PP97/1/1.


Description:
This small cemetery is situated in an isolated, roadside position some 850 metres to the southeast of Maenclochog, along the B4313.  It first appears on Ordnance Survey maps in 1953 and is still in use.


Description:
A small standing stone, up to 1.6 metres high and 1.3 metres wide at it base, tapering to a point. It stands in a field called Parc Maen Bach.


Description:
This medieval holy well, also known as Ffynnon Fair, is found at the northern side of the road running westwards out of Maenclochog village. Water still flows from the spring.


Description:
This was one of the stations along the course of the Maenclochog Railway, which opened in 1876 to connect Rosebush quarries with the main Great Western Railway at Clunderwen.  The line was later extended from Rosebush to Fishguard, giving access to the port there.  The site has been redeveloped in modern times and little evidence of the station now remains.


Description:
The Railway Hotel opened in September 1876, on the opposite side of the road to the railway station in Maenclochog.  It continued in use until the 1980s but was afterwards converted into a private dwelling.


Description:
Traditionally thought to be the site of the medieval castle of Maenclochog, this sub-circular enclosure now serves as a public car park, but historically was the manorial pound for the Manor of Maenclochog.  The 19th century antiquarian Richard Fenton thought it likely that the site was an early "British" fortification.  A topographical and desktop survey undertaken by Trysor in 2006, suggested that there was physical evidence to the southwest of the car park of possible earthwork defences. This was followed by limited excavations by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in 2007, which proved that there was indeed evidence for a strong rampart and external ditch in that area.  Importantly, a radiocarbon date was obtained from material recovered from beneath the rampart wall, producing a date of AD880-1020.   The excavations also examined part of the interior of the enclosure, where evidence for a stake and wattle roundhouse and a hearth were found. A radiocarbon date from the hearth dated to AD980-1160. 12th century pottery was also found. This shows that the site was in use in the early medieval period and continued into the medieval period.  Very little was previously known about Maenclochog Castle, other than it was a Norman fortification which was subject to several destructive attacks by the Welsh during the 13th century.  It is possibly mentioned in a document of 1376, but had evidently been abandoned and forgotten by the late 16th century, when George Owen of Henllys failed to include it in a list of the castles of Pembrokeshire.  The results of the excavations suggest strongly that this is indeed the site of the medieval castle.


Description:
Tabernacle chapel was founded after a serious split occurred amongst the members of Hen Gapel Independent Chapel over the appointment of a new minister, Rev. Robert Thomas, in 1844. A large minority refused to remain at Hen Gapel under his ministry, and these formed a new church which first met at Blacknuck Isaf farm and then at the Farmers Arms, Maenclochog.  In 1845 they leased land to build their own chapel, Tabernacle, on its present site, and it was open by 1847.  The present building, which is an attractive chapel, was built in 1884.  It remains open as a place of worship in 2011. There is a  burial ground attached to its southeastern side.


Name:
TABERNACLE INDEPENDENT CHAPEL, BURIAL GROUND

Description:
This graveyard lies to the southeast of Tabernacle chapel and measures about 40 metres by 40 metres. It contains many gravestones and memorials.


Description:
This former pub stands at the southeastern side of the village green in Maenclochog.  It has a long history, and may originally have been known as the Serjeant's Inn in the early 19th century.  It was certainly the Castle by 1818.  It was rebuilt and enlarged considerably in the mid-19th century.  It was a popular and important centre of village life for many years afterwards, and other businesses used parts of the building at various times, including a milliners shop, a grocers, a pharmacy and a store.  The longest serving landlord was Joshua William Thomas, who ran the Castle from 1891 until 1941.  The pub eventually closed in the late 1980s and has since fallen into a state of semi-dereliction.


Description:
This sub-circular enclosure, which occupies the site of the medieval castle and is now a village car park, was used as a manorial pound to control stray animals in earlier times.  It was managed by the court leet and a pound keeper was usually employed to ensure it was kept in good order.  A drystone wall was erected around the pound during the 19th century to strengthen its boundary, and the remains of this wall are still visible at the southwestern side of the car park.


Description:
First built as a Board School in 1880, Maenclochog primary school remains open and has developed into a Community School.  The original school building still stands, with later extensions added during the 20th century.


Description:
A church hall was built here in 1905. In 2006 the original hall was renovated and modernised, and new extensions were added to improve the facilities available to the local community. A mural depicting local scenes has been put in the foyer area.


Description:
Hen Gapel was the oldest chapel in Maenclochog.  It was founded by the Congregationalists in 1790 and the first chapel opened in 1791.  It was modified in 1859 and 1870 but then rebuilt in 1905, when a remarkable Arts & Crafts style frontage was added to its western gable end.  Hen Gapel remained open until 2000.  It was thereafter converted into a private dwelling, but it remains as a striking feature in the village streetscape.


Description:
Built as a vestry for Tabernacle Independent chapel in 1900-1901, this building is shown as a Sunday School on the 1907 1:2500 Ordnance Survey map.  It had been converted into a private dwelling by 2011 but remains an interesting feature in Maenclochog village.


Description:
St Mary's is a medieval foundation, probably associated with the development of Maenclochog as an Anglo-Norman planted town in the 12th century.  It seems that the medieval church was replaced by a new building around 1790.  This building was itself restored and modified in 1880 and further changes were made during the 20th century, including the heightening of the tower at the western end of the church. Two objects of antiquity kept at the church are a pair of early medieval inscribed stones, which originally came from Llandeilo Llwydiarth parish church, commemorating two brothers, Andagelli and Coimagni, sons of Caveti. The church occupies a very prominent position in the heart of Maenclochog, at the centre of the village green and is still a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
This early Christian inscribed stone bears the bilingual Latin and Irish Ogham inscription "ANDAGELL- IACIT FILI CAVET-" and commemorates Andagelli son of Caveti. It appears to have originally been his grave marker.  The inscription is thought to date to the 5th or 6th centuries AD, although a 7th or 8th century cross has also been carved into the top part of the stone.  The stone was first reported in 1889 when it stood outside the parish church of Llandeilo Llwydiarth.  It was moved to Maenclochog in 1959, after Llandeilo Llwydiarth had fallen into decay, and is now preserved within St Mary's Church, Maenclochog.  Andagelli was evidently an Irishman, living in north Pembrokeshire at a time when there was a considerable Irish influence over the region.  Remarkably, a second stone found at Llandeilo Llwydiarth, which was also moved to Maenclochog in 1959, commemorates Coimagnus, son of Caveti, who seems likely to have been a brother to Andagelli.


Description:
This early Christian inscribed stone carries a bilingual inscription in Latin and Irish Ogham.  It bears the Latin inscription "COIMAGNI FILI CAVETI" and commemorates Coimagni son of Caveti.  The inscription is thought to date to the 6th century AD.  The stone was first reported in 1889 when it stood outside the parish church of Llandeilo Llwydiarth.  It was moved to Maenclochog in 1959, after Llandeilo Llwydiarth had fallen into decay, and is now preserved within St Mary's Church, Maenclochog.  Coimagni was evidently an Irishman, living in north Pembrokeshire at a time when there was a considerable Irish influence over the region.  A second stone found at Llandeilo Llwydiarth, which was also moved to Maenclochog in 1959, commemorates Andagelli son of Caveti, who seems likely to have been a brother to Coimagni.


Description:
This relatively large, rectangular churchyard surrounds St Mary's Church and has many interesting gravestones and monuments.


Description:
This simple war memorial stands at the churchyard entrance.  It is a stone pillar with a brass plaque affixed, which bears a bilingual inscription commemorating local people who have lost their lives in war.  It does not list any names.


Description:
Maenclochog is said to have been given its name due to the presence of a “ringing stone” or “bell stone” (maen clochog) to the southwest of the parish church.   Recent archaeological work has shown that there was a settlement here as early as the Early Medieval period, for excavations carried out by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in 2007 revealed evidence of structures of pre-11th century date under the car park at the southern end of the village. 
The relationship between that early settlement and the small town of Maenclochog founded as a planted Anglo-Norman settlement within the Lordship of Cemaes during the 12th century is not clear. It seems probable that the Normans took advantage of a location that was already known as being favourable to settlement, with adequate farmland and natural resources to sustain the population. 

The Normans established a castle here, as well as a new church to serve the people of the town. The Dyfed Archaeological Trust excavations of 2007 showed that Maenclochog castle was located at the southern edge of the village, beneath the modern car park.  St Mary’s church still stands on the village green, at the heart of the settlement. The church is named in an evaluation of church property known as the Taxatio, drawn up in 1291 AD at the behest of Pope Nicholas IV. The Taxatio lists Ecclesia de Meincloth Ad. 

By the 13th century, Maenclochog was the main settlement within the Manor of Maenclochog, a Knight’s Fee held from the Lord of Cemaes by the influential de la Roche family of Llangwm. It was as one of a chain of such settlements to the south of the Preseli hills. Each had a castle and was undoubtedly intended to protect southern Pembrokeshire from incursions by the Welsh from the north and east.  

In 1215, according to the chronicle Brut y Tywysogion (Chronicle of the Princes), Maenclochog was one of a series of Anglo-Norman castles destroyed by the forces of Rhys Ieuanc and his uncle Maelgwn ap Rhys, the grandson and son of the Lord Rhys, the powerful leader of the Welsh kingdom of Deheubarth. 

Brut y Tywysogion records that in 1257 Maenclochog castle and town were again attacked by Welsh forces. This attack was carried out against the background of a successful campaign by Llywelyn Fawr of Gwynedd against the English crown in Wales.  

A later reference suggests that Maenclochog Castle may have survived the wars of the 13th century.  An inquisition held in 1376, after the death of John de la Roche of Llangwm, makes reference to “Castrum de Maincloughoke” or the “Castle of Maenclochog.”  Knowledge of the castle seems to have been lost within the following 200 years.  Writing in the late 16th century, the Elizabethan antiquarian George Owen, who keenly guarded his rights as the Lord of Cemaes, makes no mention of a castle at Maenclochog, even in a list of Welsh castles he made as a part of his researches. 

The town and its church certainly seem to have survived the troubles of the 13th century. By the early 14th century, it is known that David de la Roche had granted control of St Mary’s church to the abbey of St Dogmaels. The monks took possession of the church, and lands granted with it “comprising an acre of ground, garden, and a parcel of land in Maenclochog.” 

By George Owen’s day the local economy was undoubtedly beginning to grow as the trade in cattle and sheep trading in north Pembrokeshire was on the increase during Elizabethan times.  By this time the droving trade had developed and during the following centuries Maenclochog gained importance as the venue for annual cattle, sheep and horse fairs, which were held on the village green.  
Its economic success and its role as the main settlement in the manor ensured that Maenclochog maintained a population throughout post medieval times.  By the 19th century its locally important role was enhanced, not only by the continuation and expansion of traditional fairs and markets, but also by the addition of nonconformist chapels, inns, shops and workshops. The arrival of the Narberth Road & Maenclochog Railway during the 1870s and the construction of a railway station was a further boost. By the end of the century a post office and school had also been added.
The modern village has expanded greatly away from its original core around the village green, and the increased population means that this historic village continues to thrive and develop.


Description:
An ale house was kept by David Gibby at Cilmoor during the 1860s and 1870s.  It is likely that the premises took advantage of the presence of navvies and railway workers in the area as the Maenclochog Railway was constructed - the railway passes close to the property.


Description:
A public house known as the Plough once stood at the edge of the village green near the Castle Hotel. It was open as early as 1810, but had closed by 1871. Its exact location isn't known.


Description:
This pub was open in 1841 and a David Jones was the innkeeper.  It was still open in the 1850s but the landlords, Stephen and Harriet Howell, moved to run the Castle Hotel and the Black Lion seems to have then closed down. It is thought that the Black Lion was located at or close to The Farm, to the rear of Siop y Sgwâr and near the former Vicarage.


Description:
This pub was opened in 1867 by one Stephen Phillips and closed in 1875. The Drovers was located in the property now known as The Farm, to the rear of Siop y Sgwâr, and close to the former Vicarage.


Description:
The Swan was a grocers shop kept by David Phillips, followed by his son, another David Phillips, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  It is now a private dwelling, opposite the community hall.


Description:
The Farmers Arms was opened before 1851 and was closed in 1934.  The circumstances of its closure are interesting, in that it was carried out under the Redundancy Ruling, whereby local magistrates determine that there are too many public houses in a locality and one has its license withdrawn.  In this case the licensee, Miss Mildred Eynon was compensated with £450 for the loss of her livelihood.  The Farmers has since been demolished and replaced by a modern house.


Description:
The Globe was open by 1841 and, in 2011, is the only pub remaining open in Maenclochog village.  During the 1890s the village post office was housed here as well as an ironmongers shop, alongside the pub.


Description:
There was an ale house or pub at Star Farm during the 1860s and a Star Inn was the site of an auction held in Maenclochog in 1879. It seems to have ceased operating by the 20th century.


Description:
An ale house known as the Union was kept by William Phillips of Penucha'r Dre in the 1860s.  It is not known if it was located at Penucha'r Dre or elsewhere in Maenclochog.


Description:
A minor quarry which is thought to have gone out of use before 1851, although it is shown as a "Quarry" on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map and may have been reopened briefly.  It is evident that slate was quarried here, probably producing roofing slates.


Description:
This former corn mill still stands, although it has been converted for alternative use and no longer has its wheel or machinery. It is thought probable that a mill has been at this site since medieval times, serving the Manor of Maenclochog.  It was fed with water via a leat approaching from the northwest, which can still be traced.  A large millpond was located 225 metres northwest of the mill on the 1908 Ordnance Survey map.  An 1880 datestone is set in the front wall.  Opposite the mill are the ruins of the 19th century mill cottage, with a later cottage alongside, which is still occupied as a private dwelling.


Description:
The large mill pond which supplied Maenclochog Mill, 225 to the southeast, seems to have been created in the late 19th or early 20th century, replacing a small pond nearby.  It is now overgrown with trees, but may still be a wet, boggy area.  The leat which took water to the mill can still be traced.


Description:
A searchlight battery was stationed in this field during the Second World War.  It comprised 6 or 7 steel and concrete huts on concrete bases, aligned parallel to the field boundary along the eastern side of the field. There are no remains surviving here now.


Description:
A searchlight battery was stationed in this field during the Second World War.  There are no remains surviving here now. There was also a Royal Observer Corps post to the north at SN0710027900.


Description:
This stone is over 2 metres high and appears to stand on a small stone cairn, about 5 metres in diameter.

Comments:
An oil painting of this stone by Mrs J.C. Young, painted in 1981, is available on the Peoples' Collection.


Description:
This stone is almost 2 metres high and measures 1.3 metres by 0.8 metres at its base.


Description:
This stone is almost 2 metres high and measures 1.4 metres by 0.7 metres at its base.


Description:
This chapel was an early Congregational cause, founded in 1714.  It was closed in the mid-19th century. The chapel building stood in ruins for many years and gradually collapsed..


Description:
The burial ground for this long-abandoned chapel is now overgrown, but is said to still contain many gravestones of 18th and 19th century date, ranging from 1752to 1840.


Description:
This small slate quarry is said to have been worked during the 18th century, but the first dependable records come from the 1860s.  It worked intermittently up to 1921.  Today the site is overgrown, but evidence of the quarry, its tips and some structures still survive. A water wheel provided power in the late 19th or  early 20th century, with water carried to it via an aqueduct from a pond to the western end of the quarry.


Description:
Temple Druid was originally known as Bwlch y Clawdd, an ancient tenement which was recorded as early as the 15th century.  A Griffith Llewelin resided at Bwlch y Clawdd as early as the 1480s.  Numerous families lived at Bwlch y Clawdd in the following centuries, and are described by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire”.  In 1743, when William Lewis, gentleman, lived there, the noted antiquarian Lewis Morris recorded that an inscribed stone was found in the roadside near the house. This was the Curcagni Stone, which was moved to Gelli Dywyll, Cenarth in 1776.  By the late 18th century the Lewis family had sold Bwlch y Clawdd and the house was soon after replaced by a new dwelling, built for the new owner, Barrington Price, by the renowned architect John Nash.  Price set about creating a spectacular estate and added stables, a coach  house, cottages, a farm house and farm range to the mansion.  He renamed the property Temple Druid after a cromlech which stood nearby, although the monument was destroyed to make way for the new farm.  From 1806 until his death in 1821 Henry Bulkley lived here.  Until-1839 it was part of the Barham Estate.  Further owners followed, and it was even rumoured that Lord Nelson and Lady Hamilton had bought it as a country retreat.  The author Leo Walmsley lived here during the Second World War and took in evacuee children from London's East End. Walmsley created the fishpond which still survives to the northeast of the house.

Comments:
Temple Druid is owned by the Dandelion Trust www.dandeliontrust.org.  The mansion and associated outbuildings are all Grade 2 listed buildings.


Description:
The Curcagni stone was first noted by the antiquarian Lewis Morris in 1743, when it stood at the roadside near what was then Bwlch y Clawdd, later renamed Temple Druid.  The stone was removed from its original location in 1776 and re-erected outside Gelli Dywyll mansion near Cenarth, Carmarthenshire.  It now stands in the churchyard at Cenarth. The stone has the Latin inscription "CVRCAGNI  FILI  ANDAGELLI", Curcagni son of Andagelli and thought to date to the 5th or 6th century AD.  The names are Irish, evidence of the strong Irish influence in Pembrokeshire at that time.  Andagelli is a name which appears on another inscribed stone, the Andagelli Stone, which was found at Llandeilo Llwydiarth church and is now kept in Maenclochog parish church.


Description:
Richard Fenton, at the start of the 19th century, visited the country house at Temple Druid. In 1811, he published his observations relating to the loss of a possible Neolithic chambered tomb here which have been responsible for much subsequent interest and speculation regarding prehistoric monuments at Temple Druid.  It is important to note that Fenton only referred to the loss of a single chambered tomb.  Despite his keen interest in antiquities, he does not refer to any other monument at Temple Druid.  He also notes that the original name of the house, Bwlch y Clawdd, was changed to Temple Druid to reflect it association with the chambered tomb alone.  Fenton was able to gather information from people who could describe the lost monument in some detail, sufficient for him to record that the chamber had been used as a pig sty and a calf pen in its latter years.  He described the cromlech as standing up to 4 feet (1.4 metres) high and having a capstone which was 13 feet (4.5 metres) in diameter, supported by upright stones. He says that the cromlech was located "above the house", which would place it to the west of Temple Druid mansion.  He also tell us that the cromlech was destroyed by the time of his visit (probably during the 1790s) to make way for a new range of farm buildings.  It is not clear whether he is here referring to the outbuildings of Temple Druid itself, or to the farm complex of Prysg, which lies further to the southwest and seems to have been the home farm of Temple Druid.  Some mystery will always remain, it seems, as to the precise nature of the monument which was lost, but it is generally accepted that a genuine cromlech once stood near Temple Druid.


Description:
When Barrington Price transformed Bwlch y Clawdd into his new Temple Druid estate at the end of the 18th century, his plans included not only a new mansion, but also a planned park and garden landscape and farm in association.  The antiquarian Richard Fenton visited Temple Druid at the start of the 19th century and gave a brief insight into Price's achievements;  "the farm was brought into a high state of cultivation; and its out-buildings, fences, gates and every other appendage of luxury, use and convenience, were on a great scale. Nor were wood, water, and pleasure-grounds neglected." The property, both Temple Druid and Prysg, continued to be managed and improved into the 19th century by various owners.  By the late 19th century, Ordnance Survey maps show that there was an elaborate leat system carrying water from a boggy area 600 metres to the northwest of Prysg, near Gilfach Lloi, down to Prysg and through a number of its fields.  The surviving earthworks of this leat system seem to have been misinterpreted as a Neolithic henge enclosure or Early Christian site by recent archaeological studies (Dyfed Archaeological Trust HER PRN 4566).  A series of stones which are shown in the fields around Prysg on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps have also been identified by archaeologists in the 20th century as Bronze Age standing stones, three of which are now Scheduled Ancient Monuments (SAM Numbers PE522; PE118; PE409).  Some caution is advised with regard to each of these stones, as the RCAHMW noted in 1925 that they were locally recognised as cattle rubbing stones, erected early in the 19th century, presumably at a time when the Temple Druid estate was still improving its farmland.


Description:
Llandeilo Isaf is said to be the oldest farmstead in the parish of Llandeilo Llwydiarth. It stands just north of the ruined parish church and churchyard, and was once celebrated for its association with a skull fragment kept at the farm which was used as a cup to drink from the holy well of Ffynnon Deilo, which is a short distance to the east.  The farm is recorded by Major Francis Jones as being the home of the Cadigan family up until the mid-17th century, when a Griffith family moved here. This family had several members of note, including John Griffith who was the solicitor of the Earl of Arundel, the Earl Marshal in 1646, and William Griffith, who became a Groom in the King’s Chamber in 1642.  The Melchior family, who were related to the Cadigans through marriage, followed and remained at Llandeilo well into the 20th century and were custodians of the holy relic until selling it in 1927.  Llandeilo remains as a working farm in the early 21st century.


Name:
ST TEILO'S PARISH CHURCH, LLANDEILO LLWYDIARTH

Description:
Llandeilo Llwydiarth is possibly one of the oldest Christian foundations in the Maenclochog area.  The church is now a ruin, having fallen out of use around 1860, when the last christening was recorded.  The walls still stand to about 1 metre high, and the surrounding churchyard boundary is intact.  The sub-circular shape of the churchyard is taken to indicate that it is of early medieval origin.  This seems to be confirmed by the identification of Llandeilo Llwydiarth as one of the seven "Bishop Houses" of pre-Norman Dyfed, named in a 9th century source. These seven monasteries represented the ecclesiastical heart of each of the seven pre-Norman Cantrefi, or provinces, of the ancient kingdom of Dyfed.  This may explain why two early Christian inscribed stones, the Andagelli Stone and the Coimagni Stone, were found in the churchyard (both are now kept in Maenclochog parish church).   A third inscribed stone, the Curcagni Stone, was also found nearby and moved to Cenarth, Carmarthenshire in the 18th century.  These three stones all date to the 5th or 6th centuries AD and show that there may well have been a very early Christian foundation here soon after the end of the Roman period.  The tradition of worship is continued with one annual service held on the site every summer.


Description:
Ffynnon Deilo, St. Teilo's Well, is a celebrated holy well.  It was historically associated with St Teilo's Skull, a holy relic kept at nearby Llandeilo Isaf farm, from which water could be drunk from the spring waters.  The well itself is a natural spring, which fed a small pool, apparently within a long-ruined stone enclosure. The waters flow further west, into a large mill pond, which fed a leat carrying water to Llandeilo Isaf.


Name:
ST TEILO'S CHURCHYARD, LLANDEILO LLWYDIARTH

Description:
The churchyard surrounding St Teilo's is sub-circular in plan and defined by a stone boundary wall.  It is thought to be an early medieval enclosure in origin.  Some gravestones and memorials are still found here, despite the church having fallen out of use around 1860.


Description:
This was a minor slate quarry until the 1890s but work was expanded here by the Muscott family of Dandderwen. It worked intermittently into the 20th century, and seems to have closed after a strike in 1914.  One of the brothers, George Muscott, reopened the quarry in 1919, aged 85, and the quarry continued to work until 1926.  The former slate mill and workshop at this quarry is now a private house.  Early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps show that it was connected to a quarry working to the north of the complex by a tramway and that a leat carried water from the north, presumably to power machinery in the workshop.

Comments:
A public footpath PP38/7/3 runs through the site.


Description:
This quarry was working as early as 1864, but seems to have been in its heyday in the early part of the 20th century.  In 1912, 19 men were working here, for the Llandilo Green Slate Company.   It worked intermittently until the 1950s.  A loading platform survives here, as well as some ruined buildings.

Comments:
A public footpath PP38/4/1 runs through the site.


Description:
A monolith erected in 1963 in commemoration of the Rev. Joseph James, Congregationalist Minister of Pisgah Chapel, Llandysilio and a leading figure in the campaign to stop the Preseli hills being turned into a military training ground after the Second World War.


Description:
This oval enclosure is located within a pasture field. It measures approximately 60 metres northwest to southeast by 45 metres.  The RCAHMW describe it has having evidence of stone walling around its perimeter.  It is situated on a south-facing slope into which it appears to have been terraced. The 1889 1:2500 Ordnance Survey maps show a spring at the southern end of the enclosure.  There also some evidence of at least one rectangular building within the enclosure.  Aerial photographs suggest that there may have been associated earthworks in the field to the west, but if so these have been ploughed out and are now only seen as cropmarks.

This site is undated, although Cadw and the Dyfed Archaeological Trust record it as a Prehistoric or Iron Age site respectively.  The RCAHMW does not ascribe a date to it however.  It is protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument.


Description:
Eithbed is a site with a complicated history, which is further confused by the fact that the features which may have existed here had been removed by the early 20th century.  The RCAHMW were able to record a description of what appears to be a genuine chambered tomb or cromlech here in their Pembrokeshire Inventory of 1925.  This is in the form of a description of the monument provided by a local person named William Lewis, who stated that the cromlech had three supporting stones "7 feet long" on top of which was a large capstone, "19 feet long".  This cromlech had already been cleared from the field by 1911, when a description of the site was published in Archaeologia Cambrensis, written by the Rev. W.D. Bushell.  Bushell also described the apparent remains of a second cromlech and a tradition that a third cromlech had also existed.  Unfortunately, Bushell's description can no longer be verified as further land clearance has removed the evidence that he saw. Unless future archaeological study is carried out to examine any buried features which might survive, caution should be exercised in the interpretation of the evidence recorded in the early 20th century. The only surface evidence which now survives is a jumble of large stone slabs, allegedly derived from the dismantled cromlech or cromlechs, which are built into the field boundary bank here.


Description:
An outdoor baptistery is found in the western side of the parish churchyard, an unusual feature in an Anglican church.


Description:
A fine standing stone, 3 metres high, 0.7 metres by 0.5 metres thick.  It stands in a pasture field. The artist Mrs J.C. Young has painted this stone in oil.  "The Budloy Stone" can be seen on the RCAHMW's Coflein website and the People's Collection.

Comments:
A public footpath passes just to the south of the stone.


Description:
The cause at Horeb began in the late 18th century, when local Baptists associated with Rhydwilym chapel held meetings at Trebengych and Blacknuck farms.  In 1832 they began holding regular meetings and a Sunday School at the stables of Rosebush Quarry, but in 1835 opened their first purpose-built place of worship at Horeb.  The chapel was rebuilt in 1885.  It remains in use as a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
Horeb chapel has a relatively large burial ground, which has many gravestones and memorials.


Description:
A baptismal pool was created in the Afon Syfni at Rhydfach for use by nearby Horeb Baptist chapel.  It was used throughout the 20th century.


Description:
This standing stone is found within a private forest plantation and is not currently accessible.  The stone was last visited in 2004 by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust and described as being 1.3 metres high, 2 metres wide and 0.4 metres thick.


Description:
One of a group of slate quarries in the district, "Vagur" was leased to be worked in 1866.  It seems to have still been in operation as late as 1919.


Description:
A 19th century smithy and cottage which is now occupied as a private dwelling.


Description:
A military camp was located on Goetty Mountain during the early part of the 20th century, used for training exercises. Huts were erected and tents would be used to quarter soldiers during their training.


Description:
This reservoir was originally created during the mid-1930s as the Prescelly Reservoir to supply Milford Haven Urban District Council. Today it is managed as a fishing lake in conjunction with nearby Llysyfran Reservoir.


Description:
The Prescelly Hotel was built in 1876 by the owners of the nearby Rosebush Slate Quarry and Maenclochog Railway with the intention of encouraging tourist use of the railway, after the slate market had slumped. The hotel was a kit-form, corrugated zinc building, delivered in sections by rail.  It served the area until the early 1990s, when it closed and was in a poor state of repair.  The building was earmarked for demolition, but was saved when a local family bought it and set about repairing and restoring the structure, eventually reopening it as the "Tafarn Sinc" public house. It remains a popular inn in 2011.


Description:
A pleasure garden was created here in the 1880s by Margaret Owen (formerly Cropper) and her second husband Col. John Owen.  They included a series of fishponds and a Chinese ornamental bridge. Margaret had previously been married to the late Edward Cropper, who had owned the Rosebush Slate Quarry and been instrumental in the construction of the Maenclochog Railway from Clunderwen to Rosebush, primarily to serve his quarries.  Edward Cropper died in 1879 and the slate industry also declined around this period.  The Owen's therefore attempted to promote the railway and Rosebush as a tourist attraction.  The gardens were specifically intended to become an attraction which would draw visitors here via the railway. The gardens are shown on the 1889 and 1908 Ordnance Survey maps, but fell out of use during the early 20th century.


Description:
This house was built in the mid-1870s as the manager's house for the nearby Rosebush slate quarry.  It was  occupied by William Pritchard, the first manager of the quarry when they came under the ownership of Edward Cropper.  A shop and post office were later located to the rear of the house and kept by his daughters, the Misses Pritchard.  The house is now a restaurant (The Old Post Office).


Description:
This red granite obelisk stands on a stone base.  The following inscription is written onto a face of the obelisk: "1913 Erected by Public Subscription to the memory of Edward Cropper Esqr, The Hon. Mrs Owen and J.B.Macaulay Esqr who by their individual efforts conferred lasting benefits on these districts by constructing at their own expense this railway from Clynderwen to Rosebush in 1872-1876."


Description:
This row of 26 cottages was built during the 1870s to house quarry  workers and their families employed by the adjacent Rosebush Quarry. The cottages are still occupied, although several have now been amalgamated to create larger homes. Originally they were simple "one-up, one-down" cottages, with lean-to kitchens at the rear.


Description:
Rosebush Station was originally the terminus for the Narberth Road & Maenclochog Railway, which was opened in September 1876 and connected to the main line at Clunderwen.  By the early 20th century the line had been extended westwards to Fishguard. The line and the station remained in use and open for passenger services until 1937.  It operated as a freight line until final closure in 1949.  The site of the station is now only marked by the empty, grassed-over platform.  The wooden station building has long vanished.  Just to the north, in the beer garden of the adjacent Tafarn Sinc, a replica station platform and building have been created as a visitor attraction.


Description:
During the initial flourishing of the slate quarries at Bellstone, several quarrymen's ale-houses opened locally, although their exact locations are now not known.  These were the General Picton (James Phillips), Lion (Elizabeth Gibby), Black Horse (Benjamin Howells), Coopers Arms (Thomas Thomas), Masons Arms (Stephen Higgon), Square & Compass (Thomas David) and the Emborough Castle (James Phillips).


Description:
When Edward Cropper and J.B. Macaulay took control of the Rosebush Quarry in the 1870s, they decided to install a windmill to provide motive power for the machinery at the slate dressing mill.  The windmill was built, but damaged in a storm before its power was ever harnessed.  It was not replaced and water-power was employed instead. The site is now afforested and no trace of the windmill survives.  A photograph of the windmill does exist however.


Description:
There may have been some quarrying activity at Rosebush Quarry during the first half of the 19th century, when the neighbouring Bellstone Quarry was already being developed.  There is, however, no firm evidence of quarrying here until the 1860s, although any work here was hampered by royalty payments and transport costs, given the distance between the site and any important markets. A water-filled quarry pit at the northern edge of the Rosebush Quarry represents the earliest working on this site (SN0787530070). The fortunes of Rosebush Quarry were transformed in 1869 when it was bought by Edward Cropper.  He purchased the freehold, which freed him of any royalties.  A wealthy man, Cropper, assisted by his stepson, Joseph Macaulay, set about furnishing the quarry with state of the art machinery and carefully planning its future operations.  This extended to Cropper being the driving force behind the creation of the Narberth Road & Maenclochog Railway, which connected his quarry to the main GWR line at Clunderwen, thereby overcoming the problems of transport costs experienced by earlier owners.  Most of the quarry workings and buildings visible at the site today date to the period 1869-1879, when Cropper, Macaulay and the quarry manager William Pritchard were in control of the site. Unfortunately, the slate market declined markedly during the 1870s and the business proved unsustainable.  Cropper died in 1879, having made little profit on his investments, and very little quarrying occurred after this date.  The main products of Rosebush Quarry were roofing slates and large slate slabs.  Offcuts were also sent for enamelling to produce smaller items such as ink stands and paper weights.  Slates from Rosebush were famously used to re-roof Westminster Palace and County Hall, Carmarthen.


Description:
A small, sub-circular fold, defined by a 2 metre wide earth and stone bank, with an entrance in its southeast side.  It measures 12 metres by 10 metres overall.


Description:
An oval enclosure, defined by a low, stony bank and measuring about 27 metres north to south by 24 metres wide. Ruined stoney banks seem to run south, northwest and north-northeast from the enclosure.  This is potentially a site of some antiquity, perhaps medieval or even prehistoric, but it has not been subjected to an archaeological ground survey and has been noted from aerial photographs.


Description:
This ruined hill farm complex appears to be mid-19th century in date.  It its not shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, but appears as an apparently occupied or roofed structure on the 1889 and 1907 Ordnance Survey maps.


Description:
This small cottage is now a ruin and obscured in a cluster of trees.  It appears on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map and it still shown as an occupied house on the 1889 and 1908 Ordnance Survey maps. It was abandoned during the second half of the 20th century. The RCAHMW record that it was built of rubble walling with clay bonding and was a single storey cottage, probably with a croglofft and there was a sawn, slate lintel over the fireplace, which may have been produced in the Rosebush quarries.


Description:
This standing stone is found in a rough pasture field, just off the main Preseli common.  The stone measures 1.8 metres high and is 1 metre by 0.5 metres thick at its base, tapering towards the top.

Comments:
Not on open access land but may be visible from the common to the north.


Description:
The Bellstone Quarry, which was originally known as the Precelly Quarry, was probably operating during the 18th century, providing roofing slates to the local area. The land was owned by Sir John Owen and was leased in 1825 to J.F. Barham, who invested in expanding quarrying operations here, initially employing 60 men.  The work dwindled quickly.  By 1834 Barham had given up the lease and John and Lewis Lawrence had taken it on. By the late 1830s a syndicate of Haverfordwest businessmen were operating the business, led by a Londoner named T.R. Hutton. This venture did not meet with great success, but relatively small scale quarrying continued until 1850.  After this date there were occasional attempts to develop Bellstone, particularly in the mid-1860s and the early 1880s, but these rapidly failed and any prospect of production ended in 1889 when Bellstone was finally wound up.  Today, a series of quarry pits and their tips survive at the site, which lies immediately  to the north of the adjacent Rosebush Quarry and should be distinguished from it.  There are a few surviving buildings here;  the former manager's house is still occupied, with some outbuildings alongside, and some remains of the dressing sheds can be seen nearby.  It is worth noting that a disused stable at Bellstone Quarry was used to hold regular meetings and a Sunday School by local Baptists in the 1830s before they built Horeb Chapel, closer to Maenclochog.


Description:
This round barrow, according to the Dyfed Archaeological Trust, measures 25 metres in diameter and is 1.8 metres high. The RCAHMW record it as 14 metres in diameter and 1.5 metres high.  It is covered with heather and grass and located in a clearing in an area of private forest plantation which has previously been ploughed.   It is possible that quarrying operations from nearby Craig y Cwm, Bellstone or Rosebush quarries may have created such mounds along this hill.


Description:
This round barrow, according to the Dyfed Archaeological Trust, measures 25 metres in diameter and is 1.8 metres high. The RCAHMW record it as 14 metres in diameter and 1.5 metres high, and note evidence of a possible ditch on its south side. The mound is in an area which has been ploughed, planted and cleared by a forestry plantation in the past, impacting on the feature.  Some reservation as to whether this is an antiquity may be justified.  It is possible that quarrying operations from nearby Craig y Cwm, Bellstone or Rosebush quarries may have created such mounds along this hill.

Comments:
The Pantmaenog Trail passes close to the east of the site.


Description:
This ruined farmstead complex includes the remains of a house, set in a markedly rectangular block of enclosed land in the middle of the parish commons.  The field system around the dwelling measures 230 metres north to south by 200 metres.  The ruined house had two ground-floor rooms with a third compartment detached from it at its eastern end.  It seems likely the enclosure and settlement postdate the early 19th century, for the site is not shown on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings, nor the 1831 Ordnance Survey map.


Description:
This two celled sheepfold lies just to the south of the Carn Afr outcrop.  It measures 36 metres north to south by 18 metres overall.


Description:
To the south of Carn Afr are found the remains of at least two drystone enclosures.  Associated with these are at least three smaller structures, which are sub-rectangular or sub-circular in shape.  Alongside them is a more recent drystone sheepfold (No.1629 in this database).  It seems possible that these remains relate to shepherding activity at this location during medieval or post medieval times, although it is possible that they represent prehistoric activity.  Their precise date and function cannot be determined from surface evidence alone.


Description:
The remains of a small, upland settlement of probably mid-19th century date survive here.  The area was not enclosed until after the 1819 Maenclochog Enclosure Award was made.  This complex of features includes the ruins of a small house, which measures 10 metres by 5 metres and was divided into two rooms.  A smaller compartment was added to its southeast end.  Just to the north-northeast is a small paddock which measures about 10 metres by 8 metres.  These features are shown as abandoned structures on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps. To the northeast is a larger field within which there is considerable evidence of cultivation, including small patches of ridge and furrow ploughing and possible lazy beds which would seem likely to be associated with the settlement.


Description:
There appear to be several structures at this location, the most obvious of which is a sub-rectilinear enclosure, measuring approximately 6 metres by 5 metres.  These features have been observed on modern aerial photographs but not visited on the ground.

Comments:
This site may be the same as that recorded by Peter Drewitt in the 1980s and recorded by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust as PRN11565 - a site which has not been rediscovered since Drewitt's survey.


Description:
The Craig y Cwm Quarry was first worked in 1825, when it was owned by the Rev. Charles Barham and worked by J.F. Barham.  60 men were employed to carry out the initial development and create a trackway to connect the working with the Maenclochog to New Inn road, over 3 kilometres to the southwest. The quarry was abandoned within a few months and the workers moved to the Bellstone Quarry, 2 kilometres to the southwest.  There is some evidence that there was further activity at Craig y Cwm, including the sale of slate from here to a Belgian customer in 1841.


Description:
This round barrow cemetery consists of three large barrows on top of Foel Cwmcerwyn, the highest point on the Preseli hills.  The southernmost, which is the largest and is also situated on the peak of the hill, measures 30 metres in diameter and is 3.3 metres high.  There is a triangulation pillar and a walkers cairn set on the flat top of this barrow.  The second barrow lies 25 metres downslope to the northeast of the first cairn and measures 16 metres in diameter and is 1.8 metres high. The third barrow is a further 60 metres downslope the north and measures 10 metres in diameter by 1 metre high..  These three barrows were excavated by Richard Fenton in 1806.  He describes opening the burial cist of the largest barrow, when he recovered a damaged funerary urn and cremated bone from the cist, typical of Bronze Age burials.  He also opened the other two barrows, but does not specify if any artefacts were discovered.


Description:
This well-preserved round barrow is found 270 metres north of the round barrow cemetery on the peak of Foel Cwmcerwyn and may well be associated with it.  It measures 17metres in diameter by 2.3 metres high.  There is a slight hollow in the top of the mound which may suggest that it has been excavated in the past, but it is not one of the cairns on Foel Cwmcerwyn which were opened by Richard Fenton in 1806.


Name:
NARBERTH ROAD & MAENCLOCHOG RAILWAY;NORTH PEMBROKESHIRE & FISHGUARD

Description:
Maenclochog Railway was built to serve the Rosebush Quarry by its owner, Edward Cropper, and his stepson J.B. Macaulay.  The line began just to the west of Narberth Road Station (later renamed Clynderwen) and terminated at Rosebush.  There were stations at Llanycefn, Maenclochog and Rosebush.  Work began in 1872 and the line was officially opened on September 19th, 1876.  It worked intermittently during the late 19th century and during the 1880s Cropper's widow Mrs Margaret Owen (who had remarried) attempted to promote the line as a tourist attraction.  In 1894 it was bought by the North Pembrokeshire & Fishguard Railway Co. who intended to reopen the line and extend it to Fishguard.  It reopened in 1895, and in 1898 was bought by the Great Western Railway. The line remained in use and open for passenger services until 1937.  It operated as a freight line until final closure in 1949.  The track was lifted in 1952 and the track bed and several tunnels and bridges are now the only substantial remnants of this historic railway.


Description:
In May, 1943 an American Flying Fortress crash landed on the flat land above Craig Mynydd Crwn, on Foel Cwmcerwyn.  It is not clear if any of the crew were killed, but most certainly survived. It is said that the airplane was carrying chocolates, sweets and cigarettes, some of which was given to local people by the crew.  The exact crash site has not been identified.


Description:
The Cefn Llwydarth tunnel was constructed in the 1870s to take the Narberth Road & Maenclochog Railway through the hillside beneath Castell Forlan hillfort.  Perhaps the most interesting period in the tunnel's history came in 1943, when RAF Mosquitos used it as a target for bombing practice tests.


Description:
This natural spring is thought to have been a holy well in medieval times, dedicated to the Celtic saint Samson.


Description:
Lily Quarries Slate and Slab company was founded in 1865 to develop the site of a minor working known as Parc Quarry.  A greenish blue roofing was produced, along with slabs, but the venture only lasted for three years. The quarry is now overgrown, but some remnants of the dressing sheds were still evident in the late 20th century.


Description:
This well-preserved enclosure is located in a pasture field but its earthwork bank still stands up to 2 metres high in places.  The single bank had an external ditch, which is now infilled.  The enclosure is triangular in plan, and measures about 65 metres long east to west by up to 65 metres wide, north to south at its eastern, widest end.


Description:
Llangolman is a working farm.  The house is one of the historic homes recorded by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire”.  From the 1630s until the early 19th century a Griffiths family lived here. In the 1930s the John family of Llangolman were noted as Welsh Black breeders and James John was the leader of a local choir which won a prize at the 1936 National Eisteddfod in Fishguard. A former Polish army captain farmed Llangolman after the war.


Description:
This small, rural church stands in an elevated position, offering excellent views to the south down the Eastern Cleddau valley.  The present church building dates to the 19th century, when the medieval church was demolished and completely replaced.


Name:
ST. COLMAN'S PARISH CHURCHYARD, LLANGOLMAN

Description:
The small churchyard attached to St Colmans is an excellent viewpoint and includes a small number of gravestones and memorials.


Description:
The Whitland Abbey began working in 1864, on the western side of the Cleddau Ddu river, although a small associated quarry had been exploited to the east of the river since the 18th century.  In 1868, the Muscott family took over the quarry and by this time the slate was being marketed as Whitland Abbey slate, due to similarities to slates found at the ruins of the said abbey.  The quarry worked until 1887, when the company was wound up.  The Muscotts began work again in 1890, but by 1896 had stopped again.  There is no record of any quarrying after that date.


Description:
This former slate quarry was working by the mid-19th century and in the 1860s was managed by the Lily Quarries Slate & Slab Company. It produced slate and flagstones into the 20th centuries under the control of successive owners, and from 1908 until the 1990s it was in the hands of the Absalom family.  It was effectively dormant as a slate quarry from 1954, although a small output of slate block for decorative and sculptural work was still being cut at the end of the 20th century.


Description:
Muscott Terrace was a row of three terraced cottages built in the late 19th century for quarrymen working at the nearby Whitland Abbey Slate Quarry, which was owned by the Muscott family.


Description:
Llandeilo Congregational Chapel has its origins in the 18th century, when the cause was established by a small group of worshippers who met in local farms. In 1714 they built their first chapel, which stood about a kilometre to the northwest.  In 1786 the condition of the "Hen Dy Cwrdd" led the members to establish a new home. They began constructing a chapel at Maenclochog, but some members wished to continue to worship in the Llandeilo area, closer to their mother church at Henllan Amgoed in Carmarthenshire. This led to a split in the congregation. One group built Hen Gapel, Maenclochog, whilst another built the present chapel at Llandeilo Llwydiarth. This building was modified several times, most recently in 1931. It stands within a relatively large burial ground and continues as a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
This relatively large burial ground has been in use since the cause moved to this site in 1786 and has many interesting gravestones and memorials.


Description:
There are earthwork remains of a long-abandoned settlement complex here.   Within a rectangular enclosure at the western side of the complex there is clear evidence of lazy-bed cultivation, indicating it to be a domestic garden. A probable house foundation is built into the northeastern corner of this garden plot. No settlement is shown here on Ordnance Survey maps from the early 19th century onwards and it is seems likely that the site is early post-medieval or medieval in date. Dyfed Archaeological Trust recorded a local tradition that the site is thought to be a former smithy, but this has not been verified.


Description:
A searchlight battery was located on Llangolman Common during the Second World War.  The site may be located at SN1184527576, where a U-shaped earthwork bank is still seen.


Description:
A building appears to be shown at this location on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyor's Drawings.  The property is named as Forge on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map and it seems likely that it was a blacksmith's workshop at some point during its history.  It is occupied as a private dwelling in 2011.


Description:
A building appears to be shown at this location on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyor's Drawings.  The property is named as "Pool House" on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map, but this seems to be a misspelling of "Poor House".  The latter term is used on the 1907 edition of the Ordnance Survey maps. A later house now seems to stand on this site.


Description:
This former corn mill is thought to be 18th century in origin and worked into the first part of the 20th century.  It was converted into a slate workshop during the latter part of the 20th century and was still open in 2011. The mill machinery and water wheel were removed during the 20th century.


Description:
This farmstead is described by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire”.  It was the home of the Gwynne family in the 18th century. A date stone on part of the house is inscribed G.G. A.D. 1756, referring to Griffith Gwynne. Another datestone says “Rebuilt by T. James AD 1871” indicating that some modifications have been made to the property over the years.  In the late 18th century, Plas y Meibion has a small estate of its own, which included Pont Hywel Mill, Cnwc y Deryn, Plas Hwdog, Tir Coch and the Wern, all owned by Thomas Gwynne Esq., which was sold in 1797, with the exception of Plas y Meibion itself.  The Gwynnes soon left for Cwm Gwaun however and thereafter the farm has passed through a series of owners who have farmed here, right up to the present day.


Description:
This small, oval ringwork measures approximately 33 metres east to west, by 26 metres wide. It consists of a strong earthwork rampart with evidence of an external ditch, which enclose a small area, less than 20 metres by 15 metres in extent. There may be traces of a building within the enclosure. It is likely that this is a medieval defensive ringwork.


Description:
Rhosfach House is a 19th century complex which includes a former village shop, post office and blacksmith's workshop and has been given Listed Building status as an important group of buildings.


Description:
In 1981-82, the Dyfed Archaeological Trust excavated a number of features at Parc Maen which revealed an important group of Bronze Age monuments. Two standing stones, a round barrow and a number of charcoal filled pits were investigated. A Bronze Age cremation burial was amongst the features excavated, which contained a well-preserved funerary urn.  After the excavation one of the standing stones was re-erected and the stone of the cairn were rearranged.  Part of the site is now a Scheduled Ancient Monument


Description:
A stone cairn or round barrow which was excavated in 1945, when a funerary urn was found. It is said to have later been destroyed.  It is not known if anything survives in the field.


Description:
This deserted settlement is shown as being occupied on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings.  It now survives as an earthwork site, where the foundations of a dwelling and associated paddocks can be seen in the farmed land at the edge of Waun Clyn Coch.


Description:
Two monoliths stand close to each other in the corner of a pasture field near Gate Farm.  Both are built into post medieval field boundary banks and therefore their true size is not clear, nor if they are in fact in their original positions.  Some doubt may exist as to whether they are genuine standing stones.  Both are described by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust as being up to 1.5 metres high and to represent a Bronze Age Stone Pair.  They are part of a group of Bronze Age monuments in the vicinity of Glynsaethmaen Farm which are said to have given rise to its name (The Valley of Seven Stones).


Description:
This standing stone measures 2.8 metres high, by 1 metre by 0.5 metres wide, widening slightly at the top to give a chisel-like appearance.  It stands in a pasture field and is one in a group of Bronze Age monuments in the vicinity of Glynsaethmaen Farm which are said to have given rise to its name (The Valley of Seven Stones).


Description:
This standing stone stands close to the boundary bank in a pasture field.  The stone measures 1.4 metres high but is though to have had its top broken off in the past.  It stands in a pasture field and is one in a group of Bronze Age monuments in the vicinity of Glynsaethmaen Farm which are said to have given rise to its name (The Valley of Seven Stones).


Description:
Carn y Buwch, formerly Carnabwth, is celebrated as the home of Thomas Rees (1806-1876), known as Twm Carnabwth. In 1839, at a secret meeting in a barn at Glynsaithmaen, he was chosen to lead the first protest against onerous turnpike road tolls, which became known as the Rebecca Riots.


Description:
This commemorative stone was erected to celebrate the life and work of the poet Waldo Williams (1904-1971), who had associations with the district and who also wrote much of his best poetry about the landscape and people of the Preseli area. It is a bluestone monolith with a polished black granite plaque on its northern side. The stone faces the hills which he said had inspired his work and these are named on the stone, quoting one of his better known poems;  "Foel Drigarn, Carn Gyfrwy, Tal Mynydd".


Description:
This stone pair has survived modern land clearance and boundary removal and now stand in the middle of a pasture field just off the common at Rhos Fach.  The stone stand about 2 metres apart, the largest stone is the southernmost, which is triangular in plan and tapers to the top and is almost 2 metres high.  The second stone is rectangular in section and stands up to 1.4 metres high.


Description:
Bethel was founded as a daughter chapel of Rhydwilym.  The first chapel was built in 1794.  It was restored in 1821.  The original chapel was replaced in 1877 by the present building, but the old chapel was retained for use as a Sunday School and vestry and still stands.  Bethel is open as a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
The burial ground at Bethel has many interesting gravestones and memorials, including the grave of Thomas Rees, "Twm Carnabwth", the first "Rebecca" when the tollgate at Efailwen was attacked in 1839.


Description:
The present vestry building alongside Bethel chapel was constructed in 1794 as the original chapel.  It was restored in 1821 and replaced by a new chapel in 1877.  After 1877, this building was used as a Sunday School and vestry, but also for a period as a British School, serving the local community. It is shown as a "School" on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map, but by 1907 is marked as a "Sunday School".  By this latter date a new school had been built further north in the village.


Description:
The village school at Mynachlogddu opened in the first years of the 20th century and closed in 1995. The building has been converted into a private dwelling.


Description:
This burial ground was created in 1952 as a detached extension for Bethel Baptist chapel.  Amongst the memorials is a large pillar commemorating the Rev. R. Parri-Roberts, minister of Bethel from 1924-1968, who was one of the leaders of the campaign to prevent the Preseli hills being turned into a military range after the Second World War.


Description:
This appears to be a large Bronze Age cairn, which would have originally have been a stone mound over 20 metres in diameter.  The cairn has been damaged due to the construction of a large sheep fold on top of the mound, for which stone has been robbed from the cairn.  The surviving cairn is now only 1 metre high.


Description:
This unusual site is likely to be a pillow mound, or man-made rabbit warren.  It consists of a cruciform earthwork, measuring 30 metres by 30 metres, with its banks up to 2.5 metres wide.  Rabbits are not native to this country and in medieval times special warrens had to be built to encourage them to thrive and breed.  The survival of this monument on Foel Dyrch is of great interest.  A similar site is known at Gernos Fach, further west on the Preseli hills.


Description:
A well-preserved standing stone, which is 2 metres high and tapers to the top.


Description:
This abandoned farmstead is now only represented by the ruined walls of the house and outbuildings and the field system surrounding them.  The settlement is not shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, and was deserted by the time of the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.  IT seems to have been created and deserted in the mid-19th century and not lasted much more than a generation.


Description:
This long deserted enclosure measures 75 metres by 55 metres in area and is defined by denuded wall bases or earth banks.  Within the enclosure at least two hut circles have been noted, as well as up to three rectangular building foundations and an oval structure.  The land to the east of the enclosure shows signs of having been destoned and ploughed in the past, as clearance cairns and ridge and furrow ploughmarks can be seen here.  An old trackway runs northeast to southwest past the southern end of the enclosure.  This site could be any date from the Iron Age to the medieval period but dating and interpreting the features will require much more study.

Comments:
The site is half on open access land, half on private land.


Description:
Clyn Coch was an occupied smallholding on the edge of the cultivated land during the 19th century.  It is shown on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings. It continued to be occupied into the 20th century but was abandoned by the middle part of the century.  Now only the grassed-over wall bases of the buildings remain.


Description:
This former farm has ancient origins.  Cwm Cerwyn is named in the medieval Mabinogi tale “Culhwch and Olwen” as one of the locations where King Arthur and his men fought the Great Boar, the Twrch Trwyth.  It is known that the monks of St Dogmael’s Abbey had a tenement or farm here  by the 14th century and “Come Kerwyn” is amongst the properties leased to private tenants from 1535, upon the dissolution of the abbey.  The farm passed through various hands down to the late 17th century, when it became the home of members of the Morris family of nearby Glynsaithmaen.  Elizabeth, the daughter of the important Baptist figure Griffith Howel, who was one of the founding members of Rhydwilym chapel, married Griffith Morris of Cwm Cerwyn and they made their home here. Baptists meetings were at Cwm Cerwyn during this early period in the history of the congregation at Rhydwilym. In 1909, Cwm Cerwyn was a farm of almost 300 acres and part of the Cwmgloyn Estate.  The farmstead had completely disappeared from the landscape by the end of the 20th century and may have been destroyed during military exercises on the Preseli hills during the Second World War.


Description:
George Owen recorded two pilgrimage chapels within Mynachlogddu during the early 17th century.  There were St. Giles Chapel (Capel St Silin) and Capel Cawey (or Capel Cewydd).  There is great uncertainty as to the exact location of either, although traditionally one is said to have been near Cwm Garw and the other at Fferm y Capel, at opposite sides of the parish. Capel Bach is marked at Cwm Garw on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map,  it is not clear what the name refers to, but it may derive from the use of a building for nonconformist worship in the 17th or 18th centuries.  An earthwork site at this grid-reference has been tentatively associated with a possible location for one of the medieval chapels, as a cottage near Cwm Cerwyn described as "Capel Bach" was recorded by the RCAHMW in 1911 as having the remains of a trefoiled window, possibly derived from an earlier building.  The RCAHMW proposed this earthwork site as that of Capel Cawey. Local historian, the late E.T. Lewis, suggests that Capel St. Silin was in fact located in this area, however.


Description:
The earthwork remains of a small farmstead or small-holding can be seen here, just inside the field boundary at the edge of the Preseli commons.  The foundations of a small cottage are visible, along with a series of small paddocks or garden plots. It does not appear on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map but is shown as an abandoned site on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.


Description:
Bwlch Giden was a small farm or small-holding which is shown on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings and was still occupied in the early 20th century.  Its ruins are fragmentary and it may be one of the abandoned properties which were used for tank or artillery target practice during the Second World War, when a military range was created on the Preseli commons.


Description:
This modern, working farmstead has been known as Cwm Garw during the past century, but on early 19th century maps it is named Trefrap or Tre'rap.  It is said that this is a shortened form of Tref yr Abad (The Abbot's Farm) and harks back to the time when the area was part of St Dogmael's Abbey's upland grange known as Nigra Grangia.  Late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps show a "Capel Bach" at the farm, which may refer to a now lost medieval chapel, St Giles' Chapel, which is said to have existed in the vicinity of Cwm Garw.  Cwm Garw is a working farm in 2011.


Description:
The name Capel Bach is shown on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map and seems to refer to a building at Cwm Garw farm.  The origins of the name are unclear.  It may refer to a lost medieval chapel, Capel Cawey or Capel St Silin, one of which is said to have existed in the area in medieval times.  Alternatively, it may relate to the use of a building by early Baptists, who are recorded as meeting at or near Cwm Garw in the late 17th and early 18th centuries.


Description:
This well-preserved stone pair stands on common land.  Its name evokes Arthurian legend, and may recall the association the district has with the medieval tale of Culhwch and Olwen and the hunting of the Twrch Trwyth by King Arthur and his men, who battled the beast in Cwm Cerwyn.  The stones are both over 2 metres high.  An oil painting of the monument by Mrs J.C. Young can be seen on the RCAHMW's website.


Description:
On September 19th 1944, an RAF Coastal Command Liberator  crashed here.  Six of the nine-man crew were killed.  Today the crash site is represented by a patch of bare earth with some metal scraps still visible.  A metal plaque was put at the site in 1984, naming the crew.


Description:
This former woollen factory was probably originally a fulling mill and is named as early as 1820, when it was occupied by John John. It was still a fulling mill in the 1870s, but by the 1880s was occupied by a woollen manufacturer named Phillip Jefferies.  The factory continued to produce woollen goods until its final closure in 1948. Some buildings still stand and the property is now a private dwelling.


Name:
ST DOGMAEL'S PARISH CHURCH, MYNACHLOGDDU

Description:
This church is thought to have its origins as a medieval grange chapel on St Dogmael's Abbey's Mynachlogddu or "Nigra Grangia" estate. 
There is a record of such a grange chapel, known as "Capella de Nigra Grangia," in the Taxatio of 1291. Whether it was at this site or refers to another chapel is not known, but there are traditions of early grange chapels elsewhere in Mynachlogddu parish, namely Capel Cawey and St. Silin's or St. Giles' Chapel.  The Dyfed Archaeological Trust has suggested that this church is in fact the location of St. Giles' Chapel, whilst local historian, the late E.T. Lewis describes St. Giles as being near Cwmcerwyn farm.

St Dogmael's did not become a parish church until the 16th century, as it was merely a grange chapel administered by St Dogmael's Abbey until the Dissolution of the 1530s.

The church has a double-nave plan.  The north nave is thought to be 14th century in date and the south nave 15th century. Restorations and alterations were carried out in 1877 and 1888.  The church is still open as a place of worship in 2011


Description:
St Dogmael's Abbey was founded around 1113-15 by the Tironensian order, on lands granted by Robert fitz Martin, the Norman Marcher Lord of Cemaes. By 1200 it had expanded its land interest to include estates with Pembrokeshire and beyond.  Amongst these estates or granges was that of "Nigra Granga" (The Black Grange) known in Welsh as Mynachlogddu. Little is known of life on the grange from the 12th to the 16th centuries, when the Abbey was closed at the time of the Dissolution of the Monasteries.  A number of local farms and placenames can be identified from medieval records associated with the management of the grange, such as "Kome Kerwyn" and Vron Lase," whilst it is also known that there was a grange chapel known as St Silin's serving the local community.


Description:
Llain Uchaf may be shown on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings.  Late 19th and early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps show there was a blacksmiths workshop here, to the southeast of the house. It is still an occupied dwelling.


Description:
Two standing stones which stand about 120 metres to the north-northeast of Gors Fawr stone circle.  They are both just over 1.6 metres high and are considered to be a Bronze Age stone pair.


Description:
This well-preserved Bronze Age stone circle stands on common land and is fully accessible. The monument consists of 16 stones set in an almost perfect circle, 22.5m in diameter.  The stones are not large, ranging in height from 0.3 metres to 1.1 metres in height , but this is one of the most impressive prehistoric monuments in the region.


Description:
This quarry was operational in the late 19th century and is shown as a working complex on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.  By the 1907 edition of the Ordnance Survey map, the working area of the quarry had moved eastwards and cut across the original road, with the present roadway constructed to the west of the quarry.


Description:
A working smithy is shown here on the 1889 and 1907 Ordnance Survey maps. The building still stood in 2011 and was used as an outbuilding at Penyrallt. A building appears to stand here on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings.


Description:
This former corn mill is named as Trefdyrch Mill on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings. The mill was still in use into the first part of the 20th century but appears to have been disused by the mid-20th century. It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
This grassed-over stone cairn may be a Bronze Age funerary monument but it may be a later boundary marker on the Mynachlogddu parish boundary.


Description:
Talfynydd and Cors Tewgyll includes a large number of archaeological features, including enclosures, possible hut circles, long huts, folds and shelters which are only partially recorded. These features may date to any period since Neolithic times, but no thorough area-based archaeological survey has been carried out and therefore they remain poorly understood. Partial surveys have led to many features being recorded in the Historic Environment Record held by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust, but even so, many older records have inaccurate grid-references and it is not possible to identify them in the field. Other features have never been recorded. The area is potentially one of the richest archaeological landscapes on the southern side of the Preselis but requires detailed survey before it can be properly evaluated.


Description:
This natural spring seems likely to have been thought of as a healing well in earlier times.  The name translates as "Cough Spring".


Description:
This site reportedly comprises a rectangular stone hut foundation and a circular hut foundation. There is also at least one stone-walled, D-shaped enclosure here and traces of other boundary walls, mostly now robbed out.  The date of the site and its function is not known, but the field boundaries are shown on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps, but it was already a deserted site by then.


Description:
This disused quarry working is not shown on the 1907 Ordnance Survey map or earlier editions.  It is shown as an apparently working quarry on Ordnance Survey maps of 1953 and 1964 and was disused by the late 1970s.


Description:
A two-arched stone bridge, probably early 19th century in date, crossing the Eastern Cleddau.


Description:
A medieval chapel of ease is known to have existed in the vicinity of the modern farm of Fferm y Capel.  It was known as Capel Cawey and it has been suggested that it was dedicated to St Cewydd, but this is not certain.  The chapel had fallen out of use and been lost before the 19th century.


Description:
Tyrch Quarry was operational during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  It was worked from the 1860s as part of the Turke Quarries Slate & Slab Co along with Lower Tyrch to the west but became idle in the 1870s when demand slumped.  In 1921 it was reopened by Peter Forbes Campbell who had married into the Muscott family who had strong connections with the local slate industry.  He used the Upper quarry to produce some slab as well as slate products marketed as "Green" and "Rustic".  The business collapsed after 1938 and the quarry was abandoned.  A collapsed access tunnel to the pit and the bases of two dressing sheds remain.


Description:
The stones of this stone pair are both substantial monoliths.  The northeastern stone stands 2.4 metres high and the southwestern stone is 2.2 metres high.  An oil painting of the stones can be seen on the RCAHMWs Coflein website record for the monument.


Description:
A circular cairn, 15 metres in diameter and up to 1.5 metres high. A central burial cist is exposed, with its large capstone, measuring 3 metres by 2 metres, moved to one side.


Description:
This ruinous, drystone structure is situated amongst the rocks of the Carn Menyn tor, have been built on a small, natural terrace on the southwest-facing side of the outcrop.  It measures about 10 metres long northeast to southwest and is about 4 metres wide internally.  It is thought to be a long hut, presumably used by shepherds or herdsmen in medieval or later times.


Description:
A possible Bronze Age standing stone, measuring 1.25 metres high and 0.75 by 0.3 metres thick.


Description:
During the past century a strong association has been drawn between the dolerite outcrop of Carn Menyn and the famous "Bluestones" used to construct the inner ring of Stonehenge.  Considerable debate has been held as to whether the Stonehenge Bluestones were carried there by Neolithic people or by glacial action, a debate which has never been fully resolved.  Modern petrological and geochemical work certainly show that the Stonehenge Bluestones came from more than one outcrop along the Preseli ridge, which would tend to favour the argument that glacial movement scoured the ridge and carried a jumble of stones form different locations eastwards.  
Recently, the SPACES archaeological project has focused efforts on Carn Menyn in an attempt to prove that human action was responsible for the removal of Bluestones to Stonehenge. SPACES have claimed that the top of Carn Menyn was enclosed in Neolithic times and treated as a sacred landscape, from which select stones were quarried and transported to Stonehenge. Recent petrological studies (source) have shown that the source of the bluestones at Stonehenge is likely to be an outcrop at Pont Saeson, Brynberian, several kilometres to the northwest of Carn Menyn.  This weakens the claim that Carn Menyn has any link to Stonehenge and the theory that it was an important sacred landscape to Neolithic peoples.
Although this remains a highly contentious viewpoint, it clear that the Bluestones on Carn Menyn have been quarried at some time in the past.  It is known that within the past 200 years the Preseli hills have been treated as a source of stone for use as gate-posts, lintels and also for buildings.  The natural fracture of the dolerite tends to produce long slabs of rock which are ideal for many of these purposes.  To what extent the stone was used in ancient times remains a debating point which only future archaeological and geological study can help us understand.

Comments:
In 2002, the SPACES project reported that and area of rhyolite flakes were found at the south-eastern foot of the Carn Meini outcrop. They suggested this might be evidence of a previously unrecorded Neolithic axe-factory, where stone axe heads were produced.  More recent study has shown that there are no known rhyolite axe heads from the Preseli area, those which do appear to have been made of local stone are of spotted dolerite (bluestone) or metamorphic mudstone. There is no evidence that either were exploited at Carn Meini, therefore the proposed axe-factory can be discounted (Rob Ixer in Archaeology in Wales, 2006, page 104).


Description:
An area of level, relatively stone-free ground to the north of the main Carn Menyn outcrop is thought to be the site of an enclosure which may be Neolithic in date. Recent archaeological work by the SPACES project included an excavation which uncovered some evidence of an enclosing wall or bank.  The precise purpose of the enclosure is still uncertain, however. Little can be seen on the ground here.


Description:
A small stone cairn, about 3 metres in diameter but very low and now grassed over.  There appears to be evidence of a rectangular, central cist.


Description:
A small, rectilinear enclosure occupies a natural terrace on the southern side of the rock outcrop here.  A small square structure stands inside the enclosure and a similar structure is found 30 metres downslope, outside the enclosure and below the terrace.  These features may relate to the activity of medieval or post-medieval shepherds or cowherds on the hill, or date to earlier, perhaps even prehistoric times.


Description:
This barrow is badly denuded and in poor condition, although it is not known if its buried archaeology has survived the disturbance of its surface stones and mound.  It is located in the corner of a pasture field. It is one of a pair of barrows which originally stood here. The second barrow was to the south and has been cleared from the landscape during the 20th century.


Description:
A cottage named Pen Pellaf stood here in the late 19th century, at the southwestern corner of a square paddock which still exists in 2011.  A second cottage, named Pant y Gorphwys, was located 100 metres to the east, attached to another square paddock. There is evidence of further rectilinear enclosures or fields on the common immediately to the south of Pen Pellaf, which may be associated with the cottage or represent earlier activity. These features have never been surveyed.


Description:
Llandysilio takes its name from its association with the church of St. Tysilio, which has its origins as a Christian place of worship in the Early Medieval period.  Although the present building dates largely to the 19th century, 6th century inscribed stones bearing the names of some of the ancient inhabitants of the district are built into the southern wall of the church.  The church stands in a sub-circular "llan" or churchyard enclosure, which may well have been used for Christian burial for over 1,500 years. We cannot say what form of settlement was associated with the church in its earliest period, or throughout the medieval period, although it is probable that there was not a "village" as we understand the term. The traditional settlement pattern across rural Wales until relatively recently was for the population to live in scattered hamlets and homesteads.  Changes to this pattern began from the 16th century, as the economy and administration of the country began to change after the reforms of the Tudor and Elizabethan periods.  
 
There is little evidence of a village at Llandysilio until as recently as the early 19th century.  The 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings show only a small cluster of buildings at the crossroads to the east of the parish church.  By the end of the 18th century, however, this group would already have included a vicarage and almshouses. This small cluster of houses grew slowly throughout the 19th century. It boosted in the early part of that century by activity along the newly built turnpike road between Tenby and Cardigan.  The construction of Pisgah chapel (1826) and Blaenconin chapel (1844) are signs of the growing importance of Llandysilio as a focus for the surrounding district. Another boost came in 1854 when the main South Wales Railway line was opened, with a station just to the south at Narberth Road (later renamed "Clynderwen").  This also increased activity in the local economy and saw increased settlement along the turnpike road to the north of the station as both Llandysilio and neighbouring Clunderwen grew.  This process of expansion has continued through the 20th century, with many business, including shops and inns flourishing here. Although the later 20th century saw a decline in the number of trades and businesses located in Llandysilio, due to the increased use of motor transport and trend to travel further to access services, the village itself has continued to grow as a residential settlement.


Description:
In modern times there have been two farms adjacent to St Mary’s Church, Bletherston, namely Upper and Lower Bletherston. The original homestead was known as Bletherston, or Trefelin in Welsh. It was the home of the influential Colby family, who resided from the late 16th century and were still present at the end of the 18th century.  Branches of this family moved to other parts of Pembrokeshire and rose to prominence at Rhosygilwen, Ffynnone, Pantyderi, Grondre and Bangeston.


Description:
During the 16th century this farmstead was known as “Cotty Whiaid” and was the home of Lewis Dedwydd and his sons. At the time of the Land Tax survey of 1786, it was owned by Lord Milford and rented to a tenant. By the 19th century Gotty Uchaf and Gotty Isaf are shown on Ordnance Survey maps and both still exist.


Description:
Morfil is described by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire”.  The homestead originally stood due south of the now derelict parish church, but fell out of use by the late 18th century and was later demolished. In medieval times the Llwyd or Lloyd family lived here, kinsmen of the family which resided at Cilciffeth.  Through marriage it passed to the Owen’s of Orielton in the 1720s. It must have been a relatively prosperous country house, being assessed as having 5 hearths in 1670. The modern farm and dwelling are located to the north and west of the old church, with only slight earthworks remaining at the site of the ancient homestead, perhaps 100 metres to the south of the church.


Description:
This farmstead is described by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire”.  Although it predates the 18th century as a homestead, the first records of its inhabitants date to the late 18th century, when the John family lived here. When the property was sold in 1907 it comprised a small estate of 9 farms, over 600 acres of land and access to 2000 acres of mountain pasture, as well as its own slate quarry. It remains a working farm to the present day.


Description:
This ruined chambered tomb, located close to the source of the Eastern Cleddau river, is now too badly damaged to allow us to reconstruct its original form.  The large capstone and several supporting stones are scattered around and a 19th century hedge passes through part of the site.  It is thought that an earth mound originally stood over the stones, and part of this mound, still almost a metre high, can be seen to the west of the stones.

Comments:
Access with permission from Ietwen Farm.


Description:
During the late 17th century, Glynsaithmaen was home to the Morris family, who were early members of the Baptist chapel at Rhydwilym.  Religious meetings were held at the farm in the 1680s and 1690s.  The educationalist and poet, W.R. Evans, founder of the “Bois y Frenni” concert party, was born here in 1910 and a memorial stone to him was raised at the entrance to the property after his death in 1981.  Major Francis Jones notes in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire” that the farmstead was damaged during military exercises during the Second World War.


Description:
This farmstead was home to a branch of the Phillipps family from the late 17th century until the early 20th century.  They were kinsmen of the Phillips families of Picton Castle and Pentypark.


Description:
This farmstead is described by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire”.  It is recorded on mid-18th century maps, when it was the home of a Lewis family. The farmstead had become deserted by the last quarter of the 20th century and has not been lived in for many decades, although some buildings still stand here and the land around is farmed, apparently from nearby Blaendyffryn Ffilbro.  The name of the property is interesting. “Ffilbro” is a Cymricisation of the English “Fullbrook”.  This suggests that a fulling mill once stood near here, supplied by water from the stream which passes to the east of the former farmyard.


Description:
This farmstead is described by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire”. It is sometimes recorded as Pentrithel or Pantithel. It dates back to the 16th century, and the first occupants are said by Francis Jones to have been Griffith John Llewellin, who was followed by his son and grandson.  The latter was accidentally killed by a gunshot in the early 17th century, and his wife remarried one Thomas Jones, whose descendants lived here until the late 17th century.  It is said to have been one of the farms where local Baptists held their meetings during the 18th century. In the early 20th century it became part of the Cwmgloyn estate but was soon sold with the rest of the estate and has been an owner-occupied farmstead ever since.


Description:
This farmstead is described by Major Francis Jones in his “Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire”. It was the home of the Vaughan family in the 17th century and was assessed as having three hearths in 1670. The male line of the family died out in 1711. By the 1780s the property was owned by Lord Milford, Sir Richard Phillips MP.  The property has been a working farmstead throughout the past two centuries.


Description:
A Somerset man named Dawson Thomas acquired the Tyrch Quarries around 1900 and during the period of his ownership had Trefach Manor built. The house was later used as a guest house, but more recently is associated with Trefach Manor Caravan Park.


Description:
Though now usually thought of in association with the nearby reservoir, Llysyfran also has medieval origins as a settlement, comparable with New Moat.  It is probable that a small motte castle once stood near the church, but its destruction was noted in the 19th century.  A small village existed here by the 19th century, gathered close to St Meilyr's parish church, and is visible on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings.  The rurality of the area seems to have prevented Llysyfran from growing significantly in the following century, although Gwastad chapel opened in 1828 and a British School also opened alongside the chapel in 1868.  The creation of the Llysyfran Reservoir just to the north of the village in the early 1970s dramatically altered the local area and also made Llysyfran an attractive location for tourists and holidaymakers. Much of the village has now been turned into holiday cottages.


Description:
This appears to be a complex of settlement and associated agricultural features which may well be prehistoric.  The features survive as low banks and include a series of sub-rectilinear enclosures, circular structures which may be hut circles and ridge and furrow plough marks.  The relationships between these features is not clear and it is possible that some, or all of the ploughing is later in date than the earthworks.

Comments:
A public bridleway PP56/8/1 passes just to the north of this site PP56/8/1


Description:
Although this site has been denuded by agricultural land improvement in recent times, it is still possible to make out the outlines of at least three rectilinear enclosures, which are joined together and cover an area measuring approximately 100 metres northwest to southeast by 50 metres.  It is possible that they represent a late prehistoric or Romano-British settlement and are comparable with similar enclosures at Fagwr Fran Moor, which lies just to the west.

Comments:
A bridleway, PP56/18/2, runs just to the west of this site.


Description:
Ffynnon Ysbryd (Spirit or Ghost Well) is considered to be one of several holy wells in Little Newcastle parish. There is no recorded tradition to associate the well with religious use or as a healing well however. There was a cottage known as Ffynnon Ysbryd near the spring in the 19th century, the spring then being about 40 metres to the northwest of the cottage.

Comments:
The spring lies in a private pasture field, but is adjacent to the boundary of a forestry plantation that is open access land.


Description:
This scheduled standing stone is found in a pasture field to the north of Fagwr Fran West.  The stone now leans to north, although in 1925 the RCAHMW noted that it leaned to the west.  It is 2.1 metres high and 0.6 metres by 0.6 metres thick.  The field is known as Parc Maenhir.


Description:
In 1925, the RCAHMW described a pair of monoliths standing "10 yards south of the ruined farm-house of Pen mynydd Bach."  Local tradition had it that they were the remains of a ruined cromlech, but there was no evidence to support this.  It seems more likely that they were a Bronze Age Standing Stone Pair.  The site was revisited by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in 2003 and only one stone was found to be still standing. This stone was 1.1 metres high and tapered to the top. 3 metres to the east of the erect stone was the second stone, now lying flat and partially buried, but about 1 metre long.


Description:
A semi-circular bank and ditch which is visible on the south-facing side of Mynydd Morvil may be the remains of an Iron Age defended enclosure.  According to the RCAHMW's "Inventory of Pembrokeshire" (1925) the hill was known locally as "Castell".  There is no evidence to suggest that there was a medieval castle here, therefore an earlier, prehistoric enclosure seems more likely.  The hill top has been heavily ploughed in the past and this may have badly damaged the eastern side of this possible monument, with only the western half now surviving.


Description:
This site consists of a probably rectilinear long hut, with a small enclosure to its southwestern side within in which are "lazy bed" cultivation ridges.  This type of cultivation may well be associated with growing root vegetables, such as potatoes, in post medieval times. A larger enclosure is attached to the northwestern side of the dwelling.  Much of the site has been overploughed, presumably in post medieval times after the settlement had been abandoned.  It is possible that the settlement is medieval or even earlier, but it is impossible to be certain on the basis of studying the surface remains alone. The features cover an area measuring about 90 metres north to south by 60 metres.


Description:
This site is visible on modern aerial photographs and appears to be an intact round barrow on top of the ridge of Mynydd Morfil. It measures about 11 metres in diameter.


Description:
This interesting earthwork feature consists of two parallel banks, separated by a hollow or ditch, which runs from the southwest for about 400 metres to this point and then turns east-southeast for another 300 metres. It seems likely that this boundary was constructed to mark the limit of a phase of upland enclosure, as a portion of the Preseli commons were brought into cultivation in post medieval times.  The Dyfed Archaeological Trust and the RCAHMW suggest that it may be a boundary bank for the medieval of Redwalles (Fagwyr Goch) which lies nearby to the southeast.  The bank seems to be aligned with the post medieval field system of neighbouring Blaen Palis farm however, and not to be obviously associated with Fagwyr Goch.


Description:
This ruined building was built in the late 19th century by Percy Arden of Pontfaen House, Cwm Gwaun possibly as a hunting lodge. It is said that it was never completed, but certainly appears to have been short-lived and was abandoned by the early 20th century.


Description:
Summerton Camp is a well-preserved, Iron Age defended enclosure, set in private farmland. It consists of an inner enclosure, which is protected by a bank and ditch, surrounded by a counterscarp bank and set within a larger enclosure defended by another bank and ditch.  The inner enclosure is close to circular in plan and measures 42 metres in diameter.  The outer enclosure is rather more oval, measuring 110 metres northeast to southwest by 90 metres.  The earthwork rampart of the outer defences still stand up to 2 metres high, the inner rampart being much lower at up to 0.6 metres high, both are surround by ditches at least 1 metre deep.  The original entrance into both enclosures appears to be on their eastern sides.


Description:
This 19th century quarry complex had been abandoned by the 1870s and is shown as a disused quarry on the 1889 1st edition 1:2500 Ordnance Survey map.  It is said that the Rev. Thomas Martin established the quarry.  Slate was quarried here, and the 1889 Ordnance Survey map clearly records a complex of buildings to the southwest of the quarry which may well have included water powered slate cutting machinery.  The water was brought via a leat which ran from Ty'r Iet (now Treyet), some 750 metres to the northeast.  There is an Air Shaft 270 metres to the west-northwest of the quarry which may indicate that there are underground workings here.


Description:
A possible prehistoric settlement, noted during aerial reconnaissance by the RCAHMW in 1991.  It was said to consist of the earthworks of a terraced field system, with possible house or hut platforms, but denuded by ploughing.  It may be similar to other field systems recorded nearby at Fagwr Fran.

Comments:
There is an open access forest plantation just to the east of this site, and it is possible it is visible from there.


Description:
This large and undisturbed Bronze Age round barrow is protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument.  The barrow measures 14 metres in diameter and is nearly 1 metre high.


Description:
This large standing stone is now incorporated into a field boundary bank. The stone stands just over 2 metres high and is 1.5 by 1 metre thick. An oil painting by Mrs J.C. Young of this stone can be seen on the RCAHMW's Coflein website (NPRN 304361).


Description:
This disused, and largely now overgrown, quarry complex was active in the 1870s and 1880s, and may have still been in use into the early 20th century.

Comments:
A bridleway runs north to south through the area of the quarry.


Description:
This relatively well-preserved fort is located on the hillslope overlooking the Afon Anghof from the south. Its northern and western sides are defended by the steep slope which rises from the river valley floor.  A curving earthwork rampart bank, still 1 metre high, and an external ditch protect the southern and eastern sides, where the land rises gradually in those directions. Overall the enclosure measures 60 metres east to west by 50 metres.

Comments:
A public footpath passes to the northern side of the fort.  The site is visible from the road to the southeast.


Description:
A cemetery opened in July 1917, to the northeast of Puncheston.  Unusually, there are two dedication plaques in the boundary wall, indicating that the cemetery was donated as a split site. The plaque associated with the southwestern half of the cemetery states "This burial ground was a free gift to the parish of Puncheston from our respected landlords, the representatives of R.E. Arden Esqr. July 1917."  The eastern side of the cemetery has the inscription "This side was presented to the Burial Authority as a free gift by the representatives of R.E. Arden Esqr. July 1917."


Description:
This memorial stone bears the names of those who fell in the Great War as well as local men who served in the Great War.  The name of a single soldier who fell during the Second World War is also included, and was presumably added to what was originally a First World War memorial.


Description:
This former corn mill is shown as a working mill on the 1831, 1889 and 1907 Ordnance Survey maps, but presumably went out of use in the first half of the 20th century. The buildings still stand but have been converted for alternative uses. The mill wheel was powered by water fed into a mill pond to the north of the mill, the leat drawing water from the Afon Anghof some 650 metres to the east.


Description:
This stone railway bridge once carried the railway between Maenclochog and Fishguard over a minor rural road. The line was built as far as Letterston by 1895 and was known as the North Pembrokeshire & Fishguard Railway. Under GWR ownership it reached Fishguard in 1899. The bridge is a rare survival of the railway, which closed in 1949.


Description:
Puncheston Railway Station was built on the North Pembrokeshire and Fishguard line, which was opened in 1895 from Clunderwen to Letterston, via Maenclochog and other minor north Pembrokeshire stations.  By 1899 the GWR had taken control of the line and extended it to Fishguard.  Puncheston Station appears to have had a single station building on its platform, but this has been demolished and the site is overgrown and disused.


Description:
Maen Morvil is a roughly-hewn, unfinished wheel-headed cross, which is found in the now redundant churchyard of the former St John's Parish Church, Morfil.  The stone is 1.4 metres high and was apparently cut to a shape suitable to have a wheel-cross incised into its upper section, but this work was never carried out. .


Description:
This inscribed stone stands in the churchyard of the now redundant St John's parish church, Morfil.  The stone stands almost 1 metre high and has a crude wheel-cross inscribed on one side.  A hole is drilled through the stone next to the cross, indicating that it has been used as a gatepost at some time in the past, and was presumably moved into the churchyard for safe-keeping.


Description:
St John's stands on the site of a medieval church, although the existing building is 19th century in date.  The church was deconsecrated and closed in 1985, as its congregation had become too small. It is now semi-derelict but the roof is intact and the walls still appear to be in good condition.  The 19th century porch, added to the south wall of the nave has lost its roof and is now ruinous.


Description:
The small, rectilinear churchyard around the now disused St John's church is largely overgrown. It contains a number of gravestones of 19th and 20th century date, and two Early Medieval inscribed stones (Nos. 1748-1749 in the database) stand to the south of the church. The northern part of the churchyard, between the church and the churchyard gate is still occasionally mown and more recent graves are seen here.  A wrought-iron gate leading into the churchyard is dated 1922.


Description:
During medieval times Fagwyr Goch was the focus of considerable activity.  There is a rare Pembrokeshire example of a Deserted Medieval Village, now protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument, to the southeast of the modern farm. House platforms and enclosures at the village site are now largely obscured by bracken and other vegetation, but this may represent the site of medieval "Redwalls", where the Lords of Cemaes, including the Elizabethan George Owen of Henllys, sent their horses and stock for summer pasture on the adjacent mountain ground.  Regular markets and fairs were also held here in medieval times, which suggests that it was once a place of some importance to the local economy. It is worth noting that there are faint traces of former field boundaries and possibly house sites underlying the modern field system to the north of the deserted village.  These were surveyed by the RCAHMW in 2005 (recorded in the National Monuments Record as NPRN 114214).


Description:
This site was the first Neolithic Causewayed Enclosure ever recorded in Wales. It occupies a rounded hill summit, and consists of an outer and inner enclosure, both of which are defined by a single bank with an outer ditch. The banks appear to be interrupted by frequent gaps, a characteristic typical of Causewayed Enclosures. The inner enclosure measures 200 metres by 150 metres.  The outer enclosure measures 300 metres by 230 metres. Some excavation was carried out in 2005, when evidence was found to suggest that the outer bank was originally constructed around a timber frame and had a stone facing.. Organic material from the silts at the bottom of the outer ditch was radiocarbon dated to 3650BC, giving the site a relatively early Neolithic date.  The site has been affected by medieval or post medieval farming and ploughing has denuded the features to some extent.


Description:
Ffynnon Bedr is one of several holy wells or healing wells within the parish of Puncheston, which are usually thought to have been used in medieval and post medieval times by people seeking a blessing or a cure for an ailment.


Description:
This small defended enclosure has suffered some damage in the past by the construction of the minor road which runs northwards from Little Newcastle village and has cut across the eastern side of the enclosure, removing its rampart on that side.  The northern and western sides of the enclosure are still well preserved, and here the single earthwork bank rises up to 1.5 metres high.  The southern side has been eroded down by centuries of agricultural activity, although on this side evidence of the external ditch can still be made out.  Overall the enclosure would have originally measured up to 75 metres east to west, by 60 metres north to south.


Description:
In what is now a pasture field was once a walled enclosure used in the 17th century as a burial ground by local Quakers.  It was apparently opened in 1683, on the land of Martel farm, which was the residence of the Simmonds family, who were prominent Quakers. There are records of a Society of Friends at Puncheston during the 1660s and 1680s and it is evident that they suffered some persecution for their refusal to worship at the parish church.


Description:
This impressive standing stone stands 2.5 metres high, but is now within the garden of a private house. An oil painting of the stone by Mrs J.C. Young can be seen on the RCAHMW's Coflein website.


Description:
Smyrna was a daughter chapel of Beulah, Little Newcastle and was first built in 1827. It was rebuilt in 1871 and 1928 and the vestry was added in 1955. It remains open as a place of worship in 2011.  There is only a single gravestone in the plot surrounding the chapel.  This dates to 1833 and commemorates John George of Fagwrfran, who is said to have been an ancestor of David Lloyd George. The stone states that he was buried here, at the chapel he had helped to build. There are no other gravestones around the chapel.  More recent burials have been made at Puncheston Cemetery, outside the village.


Description:
Bethel Methodist chapel was built in 1827 as a daughter chapel of Woodstock chapel. It was rebuilt in 1891. It remains in use as a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
It is said that early Methodists held meetings at Llys y Dryw following a visit to Puncheston by the Methodist Revivalist Howell Harries in 1742.  The congregation was strong enough by 1827 to build Bethel chapel in the village in 1827.


Description:
St Mary's church is probably 14th century in origin, as it is first recorded in 1326.  It does not appear on the Taxatio list drawn up for Pope Nicholas IV in 1291.  The medieval church building was completely replaced by the present structure during the early 19th century.  There is no evidence to suggest that there was a pre-Norman church here, although an Early Medieval inscribed stone, of supposed 6th century date, was recorded by Edward Llwyd as standing at the south side of the church in 1698.  The Cuniscus Stone has since been lost.  The Latin inscription was interpreted as CVNISCVS FILI NEMAGLI or "Cuniscus son of Nemaglus", both names being Brythonic in origin. This stone may have been brought to the church from another site at some point.  St Mary's remains open as a place of worship in 2011.


Description:
The churchyard surrounding St Mary's is well maintained and has many interesting gravestones.  In the southern part of the churchyard many of the gravestones have been removed and some have been laid flat to form a path.


Description:
There is some uncertainty about the true nature of this is well-preserved defensive site. It sits at the edge of a natural promontory overlooking the Afon Anghof, using the steep slope rising from the valley floor to protect its southern side, with a horseshoe-shaped earthwork rampart and ditch protecting the other sides.  The rampart bank is still over 2 metres high in places and the ditch up to 2 metres deep. The enclosure measures approximately 90 metres east to west, by 75 metres.  The uncertainty lies in fully understanding the date of the site, which could be a medieval ringwork or an Iron Age defended enclosure.  It is even possible that it was an Iron Age fort that was re-used in medieval times.


Description:
This is the old school in Puncheston village. It was originally built as a National or church school in about 1853 and remained open for a century, being replaced by the present village school in 1953. It was later converted into a private dwelling.  One of its most significant historical associations is with the poet Waldo Williams, who was headmaster here during the Second World War.


Description:
The White Hart is said to have been an inn during the 18th or early 19th century. The building has been a private dwelling since the second half of the 19th century, with no evidence of use as a pub in that period.  It has been sympathetically restored in the early 21st century and is a listed building as a good example of a traditional Pembrokeshire cottage.


Description:
The Drovers Arms had opened by the time of the 1861 census. It remains open as a public house in 2011.


Description:
During the second half of the 17th century there was an active Society of Friends (Quakers) in Puncheston, of which the Simmonds family of Martel were prominent.  A Quaker Meeting House is said to have been built at or close to the yard of Penygraig Farm.  It had fallen out of use by 1725, by when many Quakers had emigrated to America to escape persecution.


Description:
Puncheston is a small village which has its origins in medieval times.  In Welsh it is known as Casmael, thought to be derived from Castell Mael, referring to the Norman ringwork castle, the earthwork remains of which still stand at the edge of the settlement. St Mary’s parish church stands on the site of its medieval predecessor at the heart of the village.  It was one of a series of Anglo-Norman settlements which appeared across central Pembrokeshire during the 12th century, their castles apparently intended to protect the anglicised south of the county from attack by the Welsh to the north.

Although little detail is known of its origins or medieval history, but Puncheston’s built-heritage reflects its post-medieval development as the focus for economic and social life within the wider parish.  Perhaps the most interesting association is with an active local Quaker church during the 17th century, led by the influential Symmons family of Martel.

By the time of the first detailed maps of the area, produced in the early 19th century by the Ordnance Survey, the nucleus of the village already existed.  Puncheston acquired a Baptist and Methodist chapels during the 19th century, along with a village school.  A post office and stores were found here, as well as a series of public houses, the most recent of which is the Drovers Arms, which remains open in 2011.  The name of the inn points to a historic link between the village and the droving trade which was so important to the wider area in post-medieval times.

The village was boosted at the start of the 20th century when the North Pembrokeshire Railway was constructed to link the main South Wales line, via its Maenclochog branch, to the port of Fishguard.  The line passed close to the eastern side of the village, which allowed for a railway station to be constructed to serve the community.  Since the closure of the line during the 1960s, Puncheston’s relatively remote location has limited its growth, but it retains a school, pub, church and chapels.  

In cultural terms, Puncheston is notable for its association with William Gambold, who served as the rector here in the early 18th century and was a friend of the antiquarian Edward Llwyd. Gambold wrote a Welsh dictionary which remained unpublished when he died in 1728, but succeeded in publishing a Welsh grammar book in 1727.  Puncheston is also the birthplace of the 19th century poet Evan Rees, known by his bardic name “Dyfed,” as well as for the fact that the great 20th century poet Waldo Williams was the headmaster of the village school around the time of the Second World War.


Description:
This impressive defended enclosure is thought to be Iron Age in date. It does however have a number of characteristics that are not typically Iron Age.  It is polygonal in shape and within the enclosure the outlines of up to 6 rectilinear buildings can be made out.  It is not impossible that the enclosure dates to, or was reused in the early medieval or medieval times.  The enclosure is defended by a strong earthwork bank, with an external ditch. These still measure close to 3 metres high in places when measured from the bottom of the ditch to the top of the bank.. The overall measurement of the enclosure is up to 100 metres north to south, by 90 metres east to west.  Internally it measures circa 75 metres by 60 metres.  The entrance may have been at the southern side, where there is a gap in the rampart bank.


Description:
This round barrow cemetery is found on the summit of Mynydd Castlebythe and consists of two substantial round barrow, a large ring barrow and a small ring barrow, all of which would have been built in the Bronze Age to mark cremation burials.  The westernmost barrow is the smallest of the structures, being a ring barrow measuring 8 metres by 7 metres in size and defined by an oval earth and stone bank, 0.35 metres high.  To its east, nearly 50 metres to its northeast is a larger ring barrow, which measures 17 metres in diameter, with a circular bank measuring 4 metres wide and 0.5 metres high. A further 50 metres to the east is a large round barrow, 25 metres in diameter by 1.2 metres high. 50 metres to the east of this barrow is the second round barrow, measuring 24 metres in diameter and 2.5 metres high.


Description:
An earthwork enclosure, somewhat denuded and overlain by post medieval field boundaries but still visible from the air and possessing low earthwork banks.  It measures 80 metres east to west, by 50 metres.


Description:
This complex of enclosures, boundary banks and apparent hut circles are seen in a roadside field, but best viewed on aerial photographs.  They are thought to represent an Iron Age unenclosed settlement, although they remain undated.

Comments:
The B4329 passes immediately to the northwest and a public footpath passes to the northeast.


Description:
Syfynwy Factory was a working woollen mill shown on the 1889 and 1907 Ordnance Survey maps. It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
This is one of several traditional healing wells in the Little Newcastle district. The waters of Ffynnon Olden, also known as Golden Well, were thought to have curative properties for infant ailments. It is said that the spring was unfailing, and that the water in the well ebbed and flowed with the tides. Ffynnon Olden was located in a field and may have been lost to land improvement. The stream which ran southwards from the spring to join the Afon Anghof can still be traced to the south of the field.


Description:
Little Newcastle school was opened in 1877, as a National or church school.  It closed in 1946. After a period of dereliction, it was purchased by the local community and restored to serve as an attractive community hall.


Description:
This memorial was erected by the local community in the early 21st century to commemorate local men who had fallen in the First and Second World Wars. It stands outside the churchyard at the edge of the village green.


Description:
The Swan Inn has served the community for over century. It was open by the 1880s and remains open in 2011.   The RCAHMW record that the main pub building is 19th century in date, but that there is an early building forming a rear wing to the property.


Description:
Little Newcastle takes its name from a Norman castle which once stood to the north of the parish church.  The "Newcastle" names suggests that it was built to replace an earlier castle, although the location of any predecessor is unknown.  The castle in the village was built in the 12th century by Adam de Rupe, and it was the focus of the Knight's Fee of Little Newcastle, which was part of the Lordship of Cemaes.  It was a motte and bailey castle, with the motte standing on what is now the village green, immediately to the north of the church.  The mound was still visible in the early 20th century, but was levelled during the 1960s and is no longer discernable.  The bailey of the castle was said to have been to the west of the motte, in the area now occupied by housing and the village hall.  Although the surface traces of the castle have been removed, there remains a high probability that significant archaeological evidence of medieval life in Little Newcastle survives buried in this part of the village.


Name:
ST. PETER'S PARISH CHURCH, LITTLE NEWCASTLE

Description:
St Peter's is known to have been founded before the 13th century, as it was granted to Pill Priory by Adam de Rupe in the late 12th century.  His grant refers to it as "St Davids" however.  The reasons for the change of name are not known, but if there was originally a St David dedication, the church may well have origins in pre-Norman times.  The present church building dates to the 19th century, as the medieval church was restored several times before being rebuilt in the 1870s.  It is notable for its attractive late 20th century stained glass windows, five of which were created by Caroline Loveys and two by John Edwards. An earlier window created by Roy Lewis in 1962.  A memorial commemorating an American airman killed in an aircrash near the village in 1943.

Comments:
During the summer the church is open to the public during the day.


Description:
On January 3rd 1943, an American Air Force Liberator Bomber crash landed near these crossroads.  One member of the crew was killed, 2nd Lt. K. Canfield of 66th Squadron, 4th Bomb Group.  He is commemorated by a memorial in Little Newcastle parish church. A plaque marks the crash site at the crossroads.


Name:
ST. PETER'S PARISH CHURCHYARD, LITTLE NEWCASTLE

Description:
The parish church stands in a churchyard which contains many interesting gravestones and memorials.


Description:
Little Newcastle village is thought likely to have been founded soon after the Norman conquest of Pembrokeshire in the late 11th century.  The parish church was certainly in existence by the late 12th century when the manorial lord, Adam de Rupe, granted it to Pill Priory, near Milford Haven. The grant to the priory names the church as St David’s, however, which may suggest that a pre-Norman church existed here, and possibly therefore an earlier native settlement, but this cannot be substantiated at present.
 
By the 12th century there was also a Norman motte and bailey castle built alongside the church.  This castle has now disappeared from the landscape, having been levelled in the 1960s, and incorporated into the village green to the north of the church.  The manor or Knight’s Fief of Little Newcastle was administered on the Anglo-Norman model from this castle during medieval times, bit like most motte and bailey castles, would have probably outlived its usefulness during the 14th century.
 
It seems evident that a small agricultural settlement would have existed around the church and castle from the 12th century onwards. Its prominence as a manorial centre probably explains why Little Newcastle continued to be of some importance to the wider area and held its own annual fairs in post medieval times.
 
We do not get a detailed picture of the village until the first detailed maps are produced in the 19th century. The 1889 Ordnance Survey map shows very clearly that the castle mound occupied most of the large village “green” which is now a central feature of the settlement. The church and cottages forming the village are seen arranged around the castle/green site, as they are to the present day.  The Swan Inn, the village pub, stood to the north of the green and one possible tantalising clue relating to the medieval status of the settlement as a manorial centre is the presence of Court House to the east of the green.  Opposite the Court House was a smithy, whilst a National School had been built at the southwestern side of the green in 1877.  Clearly the village had retained something of its historic importance as an economic and social focus for its parish and hinterland.  The one thing absent from the village was a nonconformist chapel, but Beulah Baptist chapel stood some 500 metres south of the church.
 
Most of these historic features are still identifiable in the village today and the heritage value of Little Newcastle is enhanced by its association with traditions such as being the birthplace of the pirate Black Bartholomew and also the burial place of Thomas John of Summerton, a local Baptist who was wrongly accused of helping the French during the 1797 “Last Invasion of Britain” and almost went to the gallows as a result.  The parish church is one of he hidden heritage gems of the district, with is stunning late-20th century stained glass windows and its touching memorial to the American airman killed during an air crash near the village during the Second World War.


Description:
Originally built in 1808 and rebuilt in 1910, Beulah remains open in 2011. Its frontage is in the Art Nouveau style as a result of the alterations made in 1911.  It is the mother church of Smyrna, Puncheston.


Description:
A small graveyard is attached to Beulah Baptist chapel.


Description:
The stone abutments of a railway bridge that carried the former North Pembrokeshire railway across the road can still be seen close to Beulah chapel.  A second bridge, which carried the line across the Glanrhyd stream, once stood just 70 metres to the east-southeast of here.  It too has had its central section removed and only the stone abutments stand.


Description:
This attractive two-arched bridge crosses the Afon Angof to the south of Beulah chapel.  A bridleway crosses the river here, and runs north-northeast to Glanrhyd farm on the Puncheston to Little Newcastle road. The bridge is shown on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.


Description:
This chambered tomb stands in a private field and cannot be seen from the road.  It was damaged in 1815, possibly by road widening, and part of the tomb was demolished, leaving a single chamber and capstone.  The monument stands close to the field boundary hedge and now consists of two  upright stones, which support the northern end of the capstone; the southern end of the capstone seems to rest on the field bank. The capstone measures 1.8 metres by 1.7 metres and is 1 metre thick. Other large stone blocks are piled up against the boundary bank to the east of the chamber, which may be parts of the original tomb.  A cairn mound was described here in 1914, and there is some evidence still that the tomb stands on a slight mound.


Description:
Martel Flour mill was operating during the 19th century and appears to have survived into the first half of the 20th century.  It appears as part of "Martle Mills" on  the 1831 Ordnance Survey map and is still shown as a flour mill on the 1953 Ordnance Survey map. Its date of closure is not known. Martel Woollen Mill stood just to the east.


Description:
Martel Woollen mill was operating during the 19th century and appears to have survived into the early decades of the 20th century.  It appears as part of "Martle Mills" on  the 1831 Ordnance Survey map and is still shown as a flour mill on the 1908 Ordnance Survey map. Its date of closure is not known. Martel Flour Mill stood just to the west.  Most, if not all of the complex seems to have been demolished and the area is now part of a working farm.


Description:
The site of the original homestead of Martel lies about 350 metres south-southeast of the later Martel Farm.  There is now no trace of the old house, which had been abandoned before the end of the 18th century. It appears that the name of the property was taken from the family that originally lived here, and a John Martel is recorded as the owner in the late 15th century. One of his daughters married John Symmons in the mid-16th century and his descendants resided here until the late 18th century when they abandoned the original house and sold the property, as well as Llanstinian, to William Knox.  The Symmons family are perhaps most noted for their association with the Quaker cause during the 17th century, for which they suffered some persecution. The family coat of arms is engraved on a chalice now preserved at Puncheston parish church.


Description:
The stone abutments of a railway bridge that carried the former North Pembrokeshire railway across the road can still be seen here, just to the north of the Martel road bridge which crosses the Afon Anghof.  It has had its central section removed and only the stone abutments stand.


Description:
The old farmhouse at Longhook Fawr dates to the early 19th century and is in late Georgian style. It was abandoned in the late 20th century, when a new farmhouse was built at the southern edge of the farmyard area.  Longhook was a property of the Perrott family of Haroldston, Haverfordwest by the early 17th century. For a time the property was used by the Symyns or Simmonds family of Martel, Puncheston, but by the later 18th century it had been sold by the Perrotts to William Knox of Llanstinian and remained part of the Llanstinian estate into the 19th century. It was listed as a good example of a regional farmhouse in the Georgian style.


Description:
Ffynnon Mihangel may have origins as a medieval holy well, but no tradition regarding the curative properties of the water have been recorded. In 1914 the Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments described it as a simple village well, where the water collected in a stone-built "basin".  Late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps show a footpath running to the spring from the village to the east.


Name:
ST. MICHAEL'S PARISH CHURCH, CASTLEBYTHE

Description:
St. Michael's church is included in the Taxatio list prepared in 1291 for Pope Nicholas IV, named as "Castro Puich".  By the 16th century it was in the patronage of the Perrot family of Haroldston, near Haverfordwest, who held the manor of Castlebythe. The church was described by the Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments in Wales, who visited the church in 1914, as having a "chancel, nave and double bellcote on the west gable". The church seen at that time had been built in 1875, on the foundations of the medieval church.  The last christening was held here in 1959 and the last burial dates to 1979. The church closed in the mid-1980s and was subsequently deliberately "ruined" by removing the roof and upper parts of the walls and all internal fixtures and fittings, leaving only the lower parts of the walls, standing to about 1 metre high, as a footprint of the building.  The site is now becoming overgrown.


Name:
ST. MICHAEL'S PARISH CHURCHYARD, CASTLEBYTHE

Description:
The small churchyard around the now ruined St Michael's Church, Castlebythe saw its last internment around 1980, before the church was closed. There are still many gravestones and monuments in the churchyard, but it is no longer maintained and is becoming overgrown, with trees and saplings growing amongst the gravestones.


Description:
This small motte stands at the roadside in Castlebythe. It is now obscured to some degree by trees and saplings growing over the mound and the surrounding area. The motte has been damaged, prior to the 20th century, but is still recognisable and stands up to 4 metres high. There are traces of a ditch around the motte. Little is known is about this site, and a claim by the Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments in 1925 that an earthwork enclosure to the east, known as Castell y Fuwch, was a detached bailey associated with the motte cannot be verified and seem unlikely.


Description:
Castlebythe is a settlement which has its origins in medieval times. It was clearly a place of some significance after the Anglo-Norman conquest of Pembrokeshire. It has a 12th century caslte motte and the site of the now ruined medieval parish church. There is however no evidence in the landscape that there was ever any more than a tiny hamlet here, and in the past 200 years only a small group of farms has existed close to the church, including Castlebythe Farm, which was a minor gentry residence by the 16th century, when occupied by members of the Perrot family.  Just three working farms were found to make up the hamlet when visited in 2011.


Description:
A stone circle, now consisting of 10 stones which on average measure up to 1 metre high. At least three other stones once formed the circle.  They surround an apparent round barrow, 20 metres in diameter and 0.5 metres high.  Cadw have scheduled the site as a stone circle, but the RCAHMW still refer to the site as a cairn, the stones representing an elaborate kerb around the monument.

Comments:
The monument is visible from a nearby public footpath, which passes just to the south. It is on private land.


Description:
This small, rural chapel was built in 1842 and restored in 1900.


Name:
SILOH CONGREGATIONAL CHAPEL BURIAL GROUND

Description:
There is a relatively large graveyard attached to Siloh Chapel. Much of the area has not been used, but there are many interesting gravestones and monuments to the southwest of the chapel building.


Description:
A smithy is shown here on late 19th century and early 20th century Ordnance Survey maps. The building has been converted into a private dwelling.


Description:
The Tufton Arms is a small, traditional pub which has been serving the local community since at least the 1880s. It is shown on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.  It does not appear on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map however.


Description:
This defended enclosure has been badly denuded by centuries of ploughing, to the point that its earthwork ramparts are now very low features and the site is now best seen on aerial photographs. It was defended by a single rampart bank, with an external ditch. These are best seen on the western side of the site, the eastern side having been completely ploughed out. The southern side is overlain or clipped by the main road and the hedgebank that runs parallel to it.  The overall measurements of the site are roughly 60 metres north to south, by 40 metres east to west.


Description:
This small, oval defended enclosure measures 36 metres by 30 metres and is defined by a single earthwork rampart, now denuded by centuries of ploughing. A relict field system is visible from the air in the fields to the north of the enclosure.

Comments:
The DAT PRN for the relict field system in PRN35755


Description:
This former schoolroom is now in a state of dereliction. It was opened in 1887 and closed in 1953. In its heyday it had up to 70 pupils.


Description:
An apparent oval enclosure visible on aerial photographs, measuring about 80 metres northwest to southeast, by 65 metres wide.


Description:
Aerial photographs taken by the RCAHMW in 1990 seem to show a series of earth banks in the field to the south of Colston. It has been suggested that these represent an area of a larger medieval village which became abandoned.


Description:
A small searchlight battery was located here during the Second World War. After the war two concrete hut bases remained on the site, but these had been removed by the early 21st century.


Description:
Castle Flemish is a rare example of an attested settlement site of the Roman period in Pembrokeshire.  Minor excavations carried out here in 1922 showed that the squarish enclosure was defined by a broad earth rampart, up to 6 metres wide with stone walling on its outer face, separated from a 4 metre wide ditch by a metre with berm.  Within the enclosure evidence for at least one timber-framed, slate-roofed building was excavated. The slates were hexagonal in shape, which is a typical Roman characteristic. This structure had a clay floor, over a cobbled base.  Sherds of late 1st century or early 2nd century AD Roman Samian ware pottery were found beneath the floor.  Terracotta flue tiles and bricks were also found, which suggest that a hypocaust heating system was present at the site.  In the early 19th century, Richard Fenton noted that he saw "Roman brick and cement" here, as well as a possible Roman milestone nearby.  The little evidence which has been recorded seems to confirm that Castell Flemish was a Roman site, and it is now thought likely that it was an enclosed villa or farmstead, rather than a small fortification.

Comments:
The site is divided in two by a minor road. The northern part of the enclosure lies within Puncheston Community, the southern part (where the 1922 excavations took place) in Ambleston Community.


Description:
A relatively well-preserved round barrow in a pasture field.  The barrow measures about 18 metres in diameter and is up to 0.75 metres high.  It has been slightly denuded by ploughing over many years, but is not significantly affected and its archaeological potential remains high.


Description:
Richard Fenton described the Poll Tax Inn at the beginning of the 19th century as possibly having received its name as a result of "poll tax collectors" meeting here in former times to receive taxes. The Elizabethan antiquarian George Owen refers to the place as "Paltockes Inn".  It is not clear what the name refers to, but the presumption must be that there was an inn here during the late 16th or early 17th century.  It is possible that "Paltocke" or "Paltockes" was a personal name.


Description:
This fine medieval motte probably dates to the 12th century and is typical of the small fortifications which appeared during that century as the Norman conquerors attempted to strengthen their hold on the countryside. It is one of a chain of similar small castles across central Pembrokeshire which may represent an attempt to protect the newly conquered Norman lands of south Pembrokeshire from the Welsh to the north.  The motte is now partly obscured by trees, and a small slate quarry to the east of the castle mound has impacted on its setting, but it still measures 30 metres in diameter and rises over 3 metres in height.  There seems to originally have been a defensive ditch around the circumference of the motte.  A hollow on the top of the motte may represent the foundation of the tower that would have stood upon it during the 12th century.  It is possible that this castle was abandoned and replaced by a larger fortification at New Moat by the 13th century.

Comments:
The motte can be seen from the adjacent parish churchyard.


Description:
This Iron Age enclosure is found in a pasture field immediately to the south of Henry's Moat village.  It measures close to 90 metres long north to south, by 65 metres wide east to west, although its western side has been partly damaged by the construction of a minor rural road.  The single rampart which defended the enclosure has been ploughed down by many years of agricultural activity, but is still visible and stands almost 0.5 metres high in places. The enclosure is located to the west of a small, steep-sided stream valley, the slopes of which would have protected the eastern side from attack.


Description:
A stone slab decorated with an incised cross is found in the chancel of St. Brynach's church.  It was first recorded in 1884 when it was uncovered during the restoration of the church.


Name:
ST. BRYNACH'S PARISH CHURCH, HENRY'S MOAT

Description:
St Brynach's church may have early medieval roots, given its dedication to an important early Celtic saint, but its first mention dates to 1291, when it was mentioned in the Taxatio list drawn up for Pope Nicholas IV.  Less than half of the standing church building is of medieval date, as it was heavily renovated in 1884-85.  It now consists of a chancel, nave, south transept and a porch on its northern side.  Some medieval features area visible inside the church, such as a medieval font, a piscina and the corbels which originally supported the beam for a rood screen.


Name:
ST. BRYNACH'S PARISH CHURCHYARD, HENRY'S MOAT

Description:
St Brynach's church stands in a sub-rectangular churchyard which includes many gravestones and monuments of genealogical interest.  It has been speculated that the churchyard may originally have been the bailey enclosure of the adjacent motte castle, but this is unproved. A large boulder in the churchyard is also said to have been a fallen Bronze Age standing stone, but this too is unproven.


Description:
Farthing Hook Mill was in existence by the time of the Land Tax survey of 1786, when it was part of the estate of the Vaughan family of Pontfaen, Cwm Gwaun. It is shown as a working mill on the 1809 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyor's Drawings.  It is possible that it was originally a corn mill, but a woollen mill was established here in 1847, producing cloth for the local market, which continued in production until closure in 1943.  The mill was housed in a long building complex just to the east of the Afon Syfni, from which it took water to power its machinery.  These buildings were derelict by the late 20th century and may now have fallen into ruin.  A house some 50 metres to the east, called Farthings Hook Mill, was probably the mill house.  It is now used as a holiday home.

Comments:
See "Pembrokeshire and the woollen industry" in The Pembrokeshire historian : journal of the Pembrokeshire Local History Society  -  No. 2 - 1966.  A public footpath, PP30/9/1, runs just to the east of the Mill House.


Name:
ST BRYNACH'S CHAPEL; BERNARD'S WELL CHAPEL

Description:
This is the site of a medieval well chapel, which stood just to the west of St Brynach's Well.  When Richard Fenton visited the site at the start of the 19th century, the chapel was already a ruin.  By the time the Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments visited the site in 1914, only slight traces of the foundations could be seen in undergrowth and it was said that the chapel may have been about 30 feet in length (9 metres).  By the early 21st century there are no recognisable traces of the chapel surviving on the surface, although archaeological remains may of course survive.

Comments:
A public footpath, PP30/9/1, runs just to the south of the well.


Description:
St Brynach's Well was described by Richard Fenton in the early 19th century as a "redundant spring" close to the ruins of St Brynach's Chapel. He also noted an upright stone alongside the well marked with a "rude cross".  This stone was not seen by later visitors and its origin and fate are unknown.  By 1914, when the Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments visited the well, they found it to be a strong spring, with a masonry hood, adjacent to a former well-chamber. Most recently, the Dyfed Archaeological Trust recorded in 2011 that the spring flows from a stone-lined hollow into a pool, before draining away. It is now overlain by an earthwork bank, but protected by a stone roof.


Description:
A historic home described by Major Francis Jones in his Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire.

Comments:
A public footpath, PP30/10/3 runs, through the property.


Description:
Possibly of 18th century origin, this attractive stone bridge crosses the Afon Syfynwy.  Unusually, it has two small arches of different character,  A parish boundary stone is built into the parapet.


Description:
Parc y Llyn is a damaged chambered tomb. A field boundary bank has been built over the site during post medieval times.  The surviving evidence for the chambered tomb consists of a raised barrow or mound, about 22 metres in diameter.  The stones of a chamber survive on the mound, and these include a capstone which measures 3 metres long, by 2 metres wide and is 0.5 metres deep, covered by a large capstone supported by side slabs.  There are also a number of large stones incorporated into the hedge bank, which have given rise to speculation that a second chamber originally existed on the barrow, but this has not been proven archaeologically.

Comments:
A bridleway, PP1/25/1, passes just to the west and the monument may be visible from there, although the track appears to be very overgrown.


Description:
William Rees, on his map of "South Wales and the Borders in the 14th Century", shows Garnturne as a settlement. Garnturne has survived as a farmstead into modern times. In the 19th and early 20th century there was a smithy to the south of the house, placed along a minor road or trackway that ran north to south through the property.


Description:
Rinaston is known to have been the residence of the Cole family in the late 14th  century.  The property was also known by the Welsh name Tre Reina during the mid-16th century. It passed through the hands of several prominent families, including the Wogans during the 17th century.  In modern times the house has served as a farmhouse and Rinaston is a large, working farm in the early 21st century.


Description:
The ruins of Rinaston medieval chapel are found at the northwestern side of Rinaston farmyard.  This chapel was mentioned as early as 1230 and it was a chapel of ease to Ambleston parish church.  It has been a ruin since the late 18th century and the last burial is said to have been made here in 1789. When recorded in 1925 only the ruined walls of a building measuring approximately 10 metres long by 4 metres wide were visible, within an enclosure measuring 40 metres by 30 metres.  Trees now grow over the site.


Description:
Ambleston village, known as Treamlod in Welsh, probably has its origins in the decades following the Norman conquest of Pembrokeshire. The parish church, St. Mary's, is mentioned as early as AD1110, when it was granted to Gloucester Abbey.  Its dedication to Mary, rather than a Celtic saint, suggests that it may well have been a new Norman foundation, rather than an native Welsh church. It seems likely that there has been a settlement around the church since those early times, but there is no evidence to suggest that it was ever more than a small, farming village.  Perhaps the most striking survival of the medieval community is seen on historic maps, which show that the village was surrounded by a strip field system. These former ploughlands would have been open fields, farmed in common by members of the community, characteristic of medieval farming practice.  These strips would have been enclosed and hedged in early post medieval times, fossilising their original boundaries and creating a landscape of long, narrow field parcels.  During the 20th century the process of field enlargement has seen the boundaries between many of the old strips removed, creating larger field parcels, therefore the earlier pattern is now best appreciated on historic maps.


Description:
Bethel chapel was built in 1881 and restored in 1906. In the early 21st century it remains an attractive and well-maintained place of worship.


Name:
BETHEL CHAPEL PRESBYTERIAN CHAPEL BURIAL GROUND

Description:
The burial ground of Bethel Chapel was originally in a strip of land extending to the rear of the chapel, but during the 2oth century it was extended southwestwards create a large plot.  It has many memorials and gravestones of genealogical interest.


Description:
This attractive parish church has its origins in the 12th century, and is recorded as being granted to Gloucester Abbey as early as AD1110. The present building is largely based on the plan of the 13th or 14th century church, although many restorations have been undertaken which have altered its character considerably and give it a complex architectural history. The chancel arch appears to be an original medieval feature, although the nave and chancel were rebuilt on the original foundations in 1906.  The tower is thought to date to the early 16th century, although its upper parts were rebuilt in 1779.  There is a medieval font in the church, dating to the 12th or 13th century, which for a time in the 19th century was used as a pig trough and cheese press at nearby Wallis Farm.  A memorial to Admiral Thomas Tucker of Sealyham is found in the church, mounted in 1827 by his descendants (he died in 1776).  Tucker was said to have killed the notorious pirate Blackbeard.


Description:
This churchyard is likely to have its origins in the 12th century, by when St Mary's Church had been founded.  It is not known if there was a pre-Norman church or burial ground on this site however. The churchyard is irregular in plan, and is surrounded by a stone wall, with a road on each side.  It contains a number of interesting gravestones and memorials.


Description:
In 1911 T.C. Cantrill recorded a Bronze Age burnt mound or cooking hearth at Wallis in Ambleston.  The exact location of the mound has been lost, however.


Description:
This church hall was built during the 20th century and was a successor to the Parish Rooms, which stood at the roadside facing the church.  The Church Hall continued to serve the community as a village hall into the 21st century.


Description:
The Ordnance Survey noted a burnt mound or cooking hearth here in 1966.  The site was visited by the RCAHMW in 1998 but the area was so overgrown with vegetation that access could not be gained.  It is thought that the mound is located between the site of a former bridge across Spittal Brook and a natural spring to its northwest.

Comments:
A public footpath, PP1/10/1, passes to the south of the area where the mound was reported.


Description:
Ffynnon y Wern, which is on Ambleston Common, has been shown on Ordnance Survey maps since the late 19th century and appears to survive today. It is not known if there is any tradition associated with the well, but it appears to have provided a source of fresh water during the 19th century.


Description:
Wallis Woollen Mill does not appear on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings, nor the resultant 1831 1 inch to 1 mile scale Ordnance Survey map.  It is probable, therefore, that the mill was founded sometime after 1810.  It was certainly a working mill by the 1870s and appears on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map. It continued working through the first half of the 20th century and around the middle of the century its waterwheel was replaced by a water turbine.  Water was drawn from Wallis Pond, an artificial reservoir created by damming Spittal Brook, some 350 metres to the northeast. The mill continued to produce cloth for several decades, with the Redpath family weaving here until 2001.


Description:
Wallis Pond was created in the mid- to late-19th century to supply water to Wallis Woollen Mill, some 350 metres downstream along Spittal Brook.  The pond has been restored and managed as a nature reserve, on Wallis Moor common, since 1978.  In 2010 a new interpretive panel was erected in the small car park alongside the pond.


Description:
Rock Cottage is shown on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map as a Public House. It is not known when it became a public house, but the building may be shown on the 1809 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings. It appears to have been built as an encroachment onto Wallis Moor.  By the early 20th century, Rock Cottage was no longer a pub, and the property had been extended and modernised as a private dwelling by the early 21st century.


Description:
"Poorhouses" are shown here on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map.  It would appear that there were perhaps two small adjoining cottages, erected  on Wallis Moor common in the 18th or early 19th century. It appears that they are shown on the 1809 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawing map.  By the late 20th century these cottages had become ruined and their site is now within the garden of a neighbouring property.


Description:
Wallis is a small hamlet which has formed in post medieval times on and around the fringes of Wallis Moor.  Wallis Farm was a property on the estates of the Picton family of Poyston, and is named in the will of Thomas Picton, dated to 1785. It seems that a cluster of labourers or estate workers cottages developed to the west of Wallis Farm by the early 19th century.  Many of the dwellings appear to have been first built as encroachments on the common.  The 1841 census shows that this was a community which included blacksmiths, weavers, tailors and agricultural labourers. It even had a public house, Rock Cottage. Wallis Mill became one of the most important buildings in the hamlet by the 20th century.


Description:
There is some uncertainty with regard to the true nature of Wallis Rath. Unfortunately the site is now obscured by vegetation and dumped spoil.  The Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments visited the rath in 1914 and suspected that it may have been a moated dwelling, of medieval date, rather than a prehistoric enclosure.  They noted evidence of raised foundations, suggesting that buildings formerly stood inside the earthwork rampart.  However, the site still regarded as an Iron Age Defended Enclosure by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust. Without further archaeological study, the history of the monument will remain unclear.  Earlier descriptions tell us that the site consists of a squarish enclosure, defined by a single rampart bank, with an external ditch. It is said to have measured about 40 metres north to south, by 30 metres east to west. The Royal Commission noted that the northern bank had already been removed by 1914.


Description:
This small cemetery lies in open countryside between Woodstock and Wallis. It may be a burial ground for nearby Woodstock Methodist Chapel.


Description:
Woodstock Methodist Chapel was founded in 1754 and was the first Methodist church to open in Pembrokeshire. It was founded by Howell Davies, the "Apostle of Pembrokeshire" and the renowned early Methodist revivalist George Whitefield officiated at the opening.  The chapel was rebuilt 1809 and underwent further alteration in 1890.  It remains open as a place of worship in 2011.


Name:
WOODSTOCK SCHOOL; AMBLESTON MEMORIAL HALL

Description:
Woodstock School was built in 1866.  It was closed for rebuilding in the mid-1930s and reopened in 1937. The school closed in 1964 and was subsequently reopened as a village hall, known as Ambleston Memorial Hall to indicate is role serving the wider community in Ambleston.


Description:
The date and purpose of Woodstock Ring is not fully understood.  The site lies in a pasture field and the most obvious surface feature is a rectilinear earthwork, which measures about 22 metres by 22 metres, defined by broad banks, up to 1 metre high, enclosing a small space.   Aerial photographs from the mid-1950s (Meridian Airmaps) reveal that the earthwork sits within a larger enclosure, visible only as a cropmark in the field.  This enclosure measures approximately 80 metres north to south, by 50 metres east to west.  It is not known if there is any relationship between the two features, as it is possible that the underlying, cropmark enclosure is an Iron Age defended enclosure, whilst the upstanding central earthwork is a much later, perhaps medieval, house site.


Description:
Woodstock Chapel was a chapel of ease to Ambleston parish church in medieval times.  When Richard Fenton visited Woodstock at the start of the 19th century he noted that the chapel had long fallen into ruin and that its graveyard had been ploughed over.  Today a rectangular earthwork to the south of Woodstock village is all that remains to mark the site.  The embanked enclosure measures 28 metres east to west, by 20 metres.  There is now no trace of the chapel building within the enclosure.


Description:
Triffleton Quarry was a working quarry in the late 19th century and appears to have been worked well into the 20th century.  It is now disused. The stone quarried here was a flag-like gritstone of Cambrian age.


Description:
Triffleton, also known as Trifleton, was a minor country house which formed part of the estates of the Picton family of Poyston during the 18th century.  In 1758 the property was sold to Admiral Thomas Tucker of Sealyham, who was famed as the man who killed the pirate Blackbeard.  It is said that he bought the land at Triffleton with prize money he was awarded for the capture of a Spanish treasure ship.  It would appear that the original house at Triffleton stood to the north of Lower Triffleton, but has now vanished.


Description:
This large gentry residence has a history which extends back to the late 16th century.  During the 18th century Hook it formed part of the estates of the Picton family of Poyston.  In 1758 it was purchased by Admiral Thomas Tucker of Sealyham, who was famed as the man who killed the pirate Blackbeard in the West Indies.  It remained in the possession of his descendants until the early 20th century.  It is said that he bought the land at Triffleton with prize money he was awarded for the capture of a Spanish treasure ship.  Hook has since been the home of a succession of owner-occupier farmers, and a large working farm is still attached to the property today.  The house is a listed building. A fireplace beam in the rear range of the house is dated 1732, but the front range of the house is thought to be later 18th century in date. Extra ranges were added to the front and rear of the mansion in the 19th century.  The gardens surrounding the house are still maintained and little different in plan from the layout shown on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps.


Description:
The Llewellin Monument is a remarkable memorial sculpture which stands above the graves of John and Martha Llewellin, who lived and farmed at Scollock West (1851) in the late 19th century.  Upon Martha's death in 1906, she was buried in the corner of a field facing the farmhouse, and the monument was erected.  When John passed away in 1918, he was buried alongside his wife.  The monument includes life sized sculptures of John and Martha in white marble, looking eastwards towards their farmhouse.


Description:
Scollock was the home of the Joyce family during medieval times.  Thomas Picton owned the property in 1786.  The 1831 Ordnance Survey map shows Scollock as a single property, but by the late 19th century it was divided into Old Scollock (now West Farm) and New Scollock. It has been a farmhouse in more recent times. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries is was owned by John and Martha Llewellin, who are commemorated by the remarkable “Llewellin Memorial” (1850) which stands just 130 metres from the farmhouse and is their burial place.


Description:
This former corn mill has been converted into private dwellings, with the mill house and the former outbuildings still present in 2011. The mill is shown on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawings and it was still in use in the early 20th century.  By the late 20th century the mill had been converted into a private dwelling.


Description:
Salem chapel was built in 1827 and rebuilt in 1880.  It remained in use in 2011.


Name:
SALEM ENGLISH BAPTIST CHAPEL, BURIAL GROUND

Description:
The burial ground attached to Salem chapel is a long, narrow strip, on a steep slope.  Nevertheless, there are a good number of interesting gravestones and memorials of genealogical interest here.


Description:
There is a record of a tucking mill in Spittal parish as early as 1562, when one Elizabeth Adams inherited it after the death of James White of Henllan (Pembrokeshire Historian, No.5, 1974 p.62). It is not known if it is the same mill as this example, which is shown as a tucking mill on the 1810 Ordnance Survey Original Surveyors Drawing map.  By the 1880s it was known as Spittal Woollen Factory.  It is shown on Ordnance Survey maps as a working woollen factory until the 1953 edition of the 1:10560 map, when it is shown as a disused woollen mill.  By the early 21st century, the main factory building, at the northern end of the complex, had been removed or become completely ruined and only the mill house and a building to the south survived.

Comments:
A public footpath, PP83/10/1,passes through the mill site.


Description:
Zion chapel was first built in 1823, but was rebuilt in 1841 and modified again in 1893.  It remains in use as a place of worship in 2011.  A vestry stands to the east of the chapel.


Name:
ZION'S HILL CONGREGATIONAL CHAPEL, BURIAL GROUND

Description:
The burial ground attached to Zion Hill chapel has many interesting gravestones and memorials of genealogical interest.


Description:
This is the site of a round barrow which has become badly denuded as the result of ploughing in the 20th century.  It was recorded as measuring 34 metres in diameter by 0.6 metres high by the Ordnance Survey in 1966, its diameter increased by the mound being spread out by ploughing.  A field boundary bank crosses the mound from north to south, and this has protected the central part of the mound from plough damage.  When visited by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust in 2003, the mound had been reduced to some 18 metres in diameter, with stones of the cairn itself exposed, many having been pushed into the hedge during field clearance.  It seems that the mound of the round barrow is the same mound as that described in a local tradition as the site of a former church which was recorded in 1904 as being long lost and associated with a burial ground which had previously been disturbed by ploughing.  Oral history relating to the identification of site as both a round barrow and a church tells of a burial cist or cists being disturbed in the past, and it seems that the traditions may relate to the same event.  The fact that the fields here are known as Church Back and Chapel Back in local tradition has strengthened the belief that this was formerly a church site.


Description:
A historic home described by Major Francis Jones in his "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire."  In the early 19th century it was the home of the Rev. David Rees, who was a prominent Pembrokeshire Baptist, buried at Bethlehem Chapel when he died in 1829.


Description:
It seems likely that the village of Spittal has its origins in the late 13th century, when Bishop Beck of St David’s founded a Hospitium or hospice for pilgrims alongside one of the main medieval pilgrimage routes to St David’s. It is thought that St Mary’s parish church was also founded by Bishop Beck around this time. By the 14th century there was a manor or Knight’s Fief here known as Hospitale, which formed part of the Bishop of St David’s Llawhaden estate. The name “Spittal” is derived from this manor. The Hospitium fell into ruin after the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the 1530s.  By the late 19th century there was virtually no trace of the site, and by today it has been completely lost. 
 
The relationship between the Hospitium and church and any settlement which developed in association with them is unknown.   The first detailed maps of Spittal village appear in the 19th century and show a settlement which appears to be well established and has some intriguing characteristics.  These include the village green in a focal point in the settlement, suggestive of the village having medieval origins and having been founded in the English style.  This is reinforced by the field patterns around the village, which show evidence of a strip-field system, again indicative of there being an organised, agricultural settlement during medieval and early post medieval times.  Other features include a house named West Gate at the western edge of the village and a Big House at the northern edge, which may be echoes of manorial organisation and administration in the medieval period. It is notable that roads run northwards and westwards out of the village towards the corn mill and tucking mill respectively.  Both roads overlie the boundaries of the long, linear fields around the village, which suggests that they are post medieval creations, constructed after the strip field system had been enclosed and hedged.
 
In post medieval times the village seems to have grown around the church and the village green.  Early and late-19th century Ordnance Survey maps show this pattern. In 1826 the village acquired a Wesleyan chapel (Id. number 1867) at the northern edge of the green, as well as a National School in 1851 (Id. number 1869) and a police station by the 1880s (Id. number 1870), all signs that Spittal had become the main focus for society and economy in the district.  During the 20th century, there has been an expansion to the west and east, with new estates such as Southgate Park and Castle Rise appearing.


Description:
Spittal Rath has been affected by building development and garden landscaping in historic times which has left little clear evidence of its defensive bank and ditch, although it may well still have archaeological potential.  It is shown as a circular earthwork on late 19th century maps and measures about 75 metres in diameter.  The land here was known as Castle Meadow in earlier times.


Description:
St Mary's church is thought to have been founded during the13th century and was probably associated with "The Hospital" or Hospitium of St Mary, which is said to have been founded by Bishop Beck of St Davids (who served as bishop from 1280 until 1293).  The building is medieval in origin but there have been many restorations and modifications over the centuries which have changed its character. The font is 12th to 13th century in date.  There are three fine late 19th and early 20th century stained glass windows in the church. The oldest relic here is an early medieval inscribed stone, the Evali Stone, which once stood in the churchyard but has been kept in the church porch since the late 19th century. It is not thought that the stone was originally erected at St Mary's.


Description:
The Evali Stone once stood in the parish churchyard but has been kept in the church porch since the late 19th century. It is not thought that the stone was originally erected at St Mary's, as the church is probably a 13th century foundation.  The Latin inscription on the stone reads "EVALI FILI DENCVI CVNIOVENDE MATER EIVS" (The Stone of Evalus, son of Dencuus, Cuniovende, his mother, set it up).  Of the three personal names on the stone, the origin of the first two is uncertain, but the female name Cuniovende is thought to be a Brythonic name.


Description:
St Mary's church stands within a relatively large, rectilinear churchyard which has many graves and memorials of genealogical interest.  In modern times it has been extended to the north of the road which passes to the north of the church.


Description:
It is said that the Hospitium was founded here in the late 13th century by Bishop Beck of St David's.  It stood on one of the main pilgrimage routes to St David's and offered hospitality to travellers en route to the cathedral city.  It was to give rise to the village name of "Spittal".  Sadly, there is now no trace of the Hospitium, which is said to have stood about 100 metres south of St Mary's parish church, with which it was associated. It fell into decay after the Dissolution of the Monasteries and was a ruin by the end of the 16th century.  By the late 19th century very few fragments could be identified and it was said that most of the surviving remains had been dismantled c.1860 to build a new farmhouse.


