# Historic Environment

Description:
A pair of well-preserved Bronze Age round barrows.

Comments:
The round barrows are both clearly visible as large earth mounds from the roadside. A lay-by offers limited parking space nearby.


Site status:
Guardianship Ancient Monument; Scheduled Ancient Monument; Grade 1 Listed Building

Description:
The ruins of St Mary's Abbey stand in the middle of St Dogmaels and are a popular visitor attraction. It has its own interpretation and exhibition centre. Cadw have provided on-site interpretation.

Comments:
This site is well managed and a popular attraction. A small car-park is available.


Description:
St Dogmaels parish church, built to replace an earlier church in the early 18th century, but mostly now a 19th century structure.

Comments:
This is a large, attractive and well-maintained church, open to visitors during daytime. Information sheets are available inside, but little interpretation evident.  Graveyard managed and many historic gravestones have been moved to the edges of the burial ground.


Description:
Built in 1838, Bethsaida has closed and is for sale at the time of writing (summer 2009). Its pipe organ and some pews have been removed.  It was a daughter chapel of Blaenywaun chapel, St Dogmaels, where its burial ground is found and succeeded a small meeting house at Ty'r Bont (now Y Storws) on the opposite side of the street.

Comments:
The façade of this chapel and its adjacent vestry form an important element in the street-scape of this part of St Dogmaels.


Description:
This chapel was first built in 1745 and has been rebuilt on several occasions.  The cause began at a nearby house called Rhosgerdd and developed into one of the largest Baptist churches in North Pembrokeshire.  Daughter chapels were built at Bethsaida and Gerazim, St Dogmaels.

Comments:
An extensive burial ground is associated with the chapel.


Description:
A large burial ground attached to Blaenywaun Baptist Chapel, almost 0.58ha in extent. It is the final resting place of many of the most prominent families of the district, including members of Bethsaida chapel, St Dogmaels.  The gravestones are a valuable historical and genealogical record of the local community for the past 200 years.

Comments:
This extensive burial ground is fully accessible, although the uneven surface and fragile monuments of parts of its area call for caution.


Description:
Gerazim is a small daughter-chapel of Blaenywaun Baptist Chapel, and was built in 1848, when it replaced the nearby Soan Chapel. Gerazim does not have its own burial ground.

Comments:
This is an attractive and well-maintained building.


Description:
An Independent (Congregational) chapel, built in 1828, which remains an active cause and an important feature in the street-scape of St Dogmaels.


Description:
The churchyard of St Thomas the Martyr, St Dogmaels is the resting place of a cross-section of the local community of the past three centuries and is of great interest for family and social historians. The lych-gate, bier house and southern wall of the churchyard have Grade 2 listed building status.

Comments:
Many gravestones have been moved from their original locations and repositioned around the edge of the churchyard.


Description:
A Royal Naval Reserve Artillery battery was installed here c.1880, and disbanded in 1906.  Today only the seaward retaining wall of the site survives as an obvious feature.

Comments:
Noted as suffering from erosion and collapse in 1997, the site may not suit visitors.


Description:
A large mound, believed to be a medieval motte or castle mound.  It is likely to date to the 11th or early 12th centuries and may be associated with the first Norman settlement of the St Dogmaels area.

Comments:
On private farmland but close to a public footpath.


Description:
With a history of settlement extending back to at least the 12th century, St Dogmaels is one of the most important historic settlements in Pembrokeshire. The village includes a great number of buildings of interest, including the ruins of its medieval abbey and a significant number of listed buildings, notable for their unusual, banded stonework.


Description:
Originally called Netpool Bank, it was used by seine net fishermen as a place to hang their nets for repair, close to the river edge.  The name was changed to Alexandra Gardens in the early 20th century and this small area of open common land has since been used as a public amenity space.

Comments:
There is some interpretation of the history of this area. Posts have also been erected at the edge of Alexandra Gardens to represent the net-hanging posts of former times.


Description:
The Pinog was once a small boat yard, which was particularly active during the 19th century. Seine net fishing boats, smacks and cargo schooners were built here.

Comments:
This area is adjacent to Alexandra Gardens and has been interpreted on a panel there. Footpath improvements make both areas fully accessible.


Description:
The Port of St Dogmaels appears to have been focused on the point where the stream flowing out of Cwm Degwel reaches the Teifi. A number of features, including a quay, limekiln and storehouses were built here in 1830 for one Morris Owen of Cwmgloyn, Felindre Farchog.  An old warehouse now occupied by Jewson Ltd. remains as a obvious surviving feature visible from the village.

Comments:
A footpath runs along the river edge through this area.


Description:
A large natural boulder, set in a nook overlooking the river Teifi. Traditionally, the vicar of St Dogmaels stands on this rock to bless the local fishing fleet, a practice that may have its roots in the medieval period when it is said that the abbot of the abbey carried out the blessing.

Comments:
Interpreted on a panel in nearby Alexandra Gardens. An older interpretive panel also stands alongside the site of the stone.


Description:
A working corn mill, where flour is still produced.  It is thought to have its origins as a mill associated with St Dogmaels Abbey during medieval times. This mill was restored during the 1980s, having been closed since the 1940s. The mill pond lies above the mill, in the direction of the abbey, and forms an attractive feature.

Comments:
Some interpretation is included in a panel outside the site of  St Dogmaels abbey, facing the mill.


Description:
The Sagranus Stone is now kept in St Thomas the Martyr's church,  but was at one time used as a footbridge over a stream in St Dogmaels village.  It is an inscribed early Christian stone, thought to date to the 5th or 6th century AD.  Its bears the Latin inscription Sagrani fili Cunotami, as well as the Irish ogham inscription Sagrani Maqi Cunatami, making it one of the most impressive bilingual Irish/Latin stones of southwest Wales.

Comments:
Some interpretation of the stone is given on a panel outside the site of St Dogmaels abbey and the stone itself can be seen in the parish church.


Description:
The Church Hall was formerly the Church School, but has undergone changes to convert it into a community centre.  It stands on the site of the re-18th century parish church, which seems to have been wholly removed.


Site status:
Site of Special Scientific Interest; Special Area of Conservation

Description:
A stone-built slipway, concrete capped, which was donated by the St Dogmaels Regatta in 1964.

Comments:
A small sign noting the role of the Regatta in donating the slipway stands to the west of the slipway. Due to its position on the foreshore, it falls within the bounds of the Afon Teifi SSSI and SAC.


Description:
This former workhouse was built in 1840 and served 25 parishes in Pembrokeshire and Cardiganshire, known as the Cardigan Union Workhouse. It is now a private dwelling, but it architecture remains largely unchanged.


Description:
A small, stone built structure, c.4m x 2m with a slate roof.  A red-brick extension has been added to its northern side. It is a disused coastguard lookout station, of possible 19th century origin with 20th century additions.

Comments:
In a private field close to the Coastal Path


Description:
A pair of Burnt Mounds, which are piles of burnt stone, dating to the Bronze Age.  The purpose of such features is not certain, but they are thought to be either prehistoric cooking sites or "sweat lodge" sites and examples are not commonly found.  These are two of a series of several such mounds around Gernos farm.

Comments:
In a pasture field near the bridleway/footpath.  The PRNs in the regional HER are 14218 & 14219.


Description:
Hendre is one of the most historic homes in the area, and it was occupied by the Lloyd family, descendants of Gwynfardd Dyfed. They held Hendre from the 13th century until the 19th century.  It was the manor house for the Manor of Granant and formerly had a private chapel. Manorial courts were also held here until the 18th century.   In 1596, it was recorded that the estate of Hendre included 11 farms in the parish of St Dogmaels, 4 in Llandygwydd and one each in Nevern, Moylgrove and Bayvil. The original house and chapel have been replaced by a more recent dwelling, built since the 18th century.  Hendre is a working farm.

Comments:
Alongside the Ceibwr-Pwllgranant Walk (PCNP). Mentioned in Francis Jones' Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".


Description:
Granant is one of the historic farms of the parish and has its origins in medieval times, when it was part of the Manor of Granant.  In later times the Rees family lived here, including Benjamin Rees, author of Hanes Blaenywaun (The History of Blaenwaun).  It is  a working farm.

Comments:
The Ceibwr-Pwllgranant Walk  (PCNP) runs through the farmyard.


Description:
An 18th century country residence which was once the home of Richard Jenkins JP, 13 times Mayor of Cardigan.  Now a working farm.

Comments:
Mentioned in Francis Jones' Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".


Description:
A mound of burnt stones, measuring 16m x13m x 2m high.  A stone is set on top of the mound.

Comments:
There is a second mound, slightly smaller and lower close by.  They are part of an important series of burnt mounds along Cwm yr Esgyrn.


Description:
A mound of burnt stones, measuring 9m x 4.5m x 0.5m high.

Comments:
They are part of an important series of burnt mounds along Cwm yr Esgyrn. This example may not be as visible as the other mounds to the west.


Description:
The farm known variously as Esgyr, Esgair and Esgyrn was divided into two farms during the first half of the 19th century.  Esgyr Fach may have been built at this time.


Description:
A farmhouse which was in existence by the 17th century, when it was owned by a branch of the Lloyd family of Hendre and Trefigin.  They lived here until the mid-18th century.  The property was split in the early 19th century into Esgyr Fawr and Esgyr Fach.


Description:
A small chapel, built c.1852 as a branch of Capel Degwel, St Dogmaels.  Apparently no longer used as a Place of Worship.

Comments:
On the course of two footpaths - St Dogmaels Circular Walk (Planed) & Cemaes Head Circular Walk (PCNP)


Description:
The Pengarn placename suggests that there might have been a Bronze Age burial cairn somewhere in the vicinity, although if so it no longer appears to survive as a landscape feature.


Description:
Late 19th century accounts state that human burials were found at several locations in the vicinity of Penrhyn Castle.  Little is known about them, but they may represent an early medieval burials.

Comments:
There is nothing to see at this site, but the report of possible early Christian graves in this area is quite significant in the context of St Dogmaels being a focus of pre-Norman Christian activity.


Description:
Mid-19th century coastguard station, comprising the station, a cottage and the associated harbour (Cei Bach) and slipway.  Now a private dwelling.


Description:
A small building which dates to the 19th century and was used as a store building for  a rocket firing station,  to fire ropes out into the bay to assist vessels in distress.


Description:
Soan was a daughter chapel of Blaenywaun and the forerunner of nearby Capel Gerazim.  It was abandoned in the late 19th century and now survives as a ruin in a small wooded area. Some gravestones can be seen in the associated burial ground, which is also overgrown.

Comments:
Possibly still owned by Blaenywaun or Gerazim chapels.


Description:
The open air baptistery of Blaenywaun chapel.  It dates to the 19th century, in earlier times local Baptists often baptised in the river Teifi.


Description:
A  large earth mound, approximately 3m high and up to 52m long. It has been scheduled as a Bronze Age round barrow, but it size suggests that it may be a natural feature, possibly of glacial origin.


Description:
A mound close to Manian Fawr which is now hidden by vegetation.  It has been described as a Tumulus in the past and may be a Bronze Age round barrow. It is 0.75m high but its dimensions are not recorded in the HER.  It may be a natural mound.


Description:
This dwelling probably dates to the late 17th or early 18th centuries. It has been one of the principal dwellings in the St Dogmaels area and the holding was part of the estate of the medieval abbey of St Dogmaels.


Description:
Several Roman coins were found on the foreshore here in the 1980s.  They included coinage from the reigns of the emperors Severus Alexandra (AD222-235), and barbaric imitations of coins of Claudius II (268-270), Tetricus I and Tetricus II (270-273).  Their presence is likely to represent evidence of trade between this area and the classical world during the 3rd century AD.


Description:
A series of natural springs, the name of which suggests they were believed to have curative properties in previous times (Ffynnon Feddyg means (The Doctors Well).

Comments:
Lies close to St Dogmaels Footpath -Walk A


Description:
During the 1970s, polished Neolithic stone axehead was found  in this area, although the exact findspot is not recorded.

Comments:
Nominal grid reference is close to St Dogmaels Footpath - Walk A


Description:
This building was a Coastguard Station in the late 19th and early 20th century.  It has distinctive chapel-like windows and high gable walls. Now a private dwelling.


Description:
Penyrallt is the successor to a medieval home, which was occupied by John Phillip Thomas David in the 15th century. During the 16th century, a Young family lived here and they were followed by a Davies family in the 17th century.  In 1670, Nicholas Davies of Penyrallt lived here and Penyrallt was assessed as having 5 hearths, showing that it was a substantial house.  The Ladd family lived here during the 18th century and by the end of that century the prominent local landowner and one-time Lord Mayor of London, Sir Watkin Lewes owned Penyrallt.

Comments:
Described in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".


Description:
Earthwork traces of a canal built in the 1770s to carry water to the iron rolling mills at Penygored Tinplate Works can still be seen at the edge of the field here.  The canal ran parallel  to the road to the east, and also westwards along the southern edge of the entrance drive leading to Castell Malgwyn house.  The rolling mills were situated where the stable block at Castell Malgwyn now stands.  The canal ended there and the water was allowed to flow into the Afon Moreno just south of the stable block.  Water was drawn into the canal from the Teifi at a point immediately to the north of Maenordeifi church.


Description:
Penygored Tinplate Works was established in 1771, attracted to the area by good supplies of charcoal from local woodland and the fact that the Teifi was navigable to this point, allowing for pig iron and tin to be brought to the site by boat or barge.  In 1791, the works were bought by Sir Benjamin Hammett, who set about creating an estate here and who was responsible for building the present Castell Malgwyn house as his residence.  Hammett died in 1802 and his son took over the estate. The works closed in 1806 and by 1810, when Richard Fenton visited Castell Malgwyn, it had been dismantled.  200 years later very little survives on the surface to show us where the buildings of the tinplate works stood.  It is generally accepted that the three rolling mills, where pig iron was rolled into sheets before tinning, were situated where the present stable block stands (the stables having been built by Abel Lewes Gower, who had purchased the estate from John Hammett). The remains of two tinning furnaces, set into a stone retaining wall, can be seen at SN2126043484, between the mansion and the Teifi, suggesting that tinning took place at the southern end of the site.  A canal, built to carry water to power the waterwheels at the rolling mills, can still be traced running parallel to the entrance drive approaching the stables from the east.  This canal too water from the Teifi further upstream, and then emptied into the Afon Morgenau between the site of the stables and the mansion.

Comments:
For a detailed report of the tinplate works site in 2006, see Louise Barker's "Castell Malgwyn Tinplate Works" written for the RCAHMW in 2006.


Description:
In the late 18th century, when the nearby Penygored Tinplate Works was established, a quay was built on the Teifi where barges could land materials such as pig iron to supply the works and also be loaded with tinplate produced there.  The retaining wall of the quay can still be seen forming the river-edge on the Pembrokeshire side of the Teifi for c.150m.  Also visible is a stone "apron quay" built in front of the quay wall on the river bed and therefore submerged, onto which barges could settle at low tide (the Teifi being tidal here).  A towpath associated with the quay runs along the Teifi both upstream and downstream, indicating that barges were moved along the river by horses.  Sections of the towpath edge are still supported by a stone retaining wall, up to 1.5m high in places.

Comments:
Public footpath PP12/10/2 runs along the former towpath.


Description:
The site of a former weir or fish trap (gored) across the Teifi, which was also used as a bridging point.  It is now represented by three small islands, created by surviving stone abutments standing above the river surface.  It is said to mark the tidal limit of the Teifi. The fish weir  was attacked by Rebecca rioters in 1843, and destroyed.


Description:
The former lodge house and gateway at the main entrance to Castell Malgwyn. They date to the 1840s and were built as part of the improvements to the estate commissioned by Abel Lewes Gower, designed by Ambrose Poynter of London.  Both have listed building status.


Description:
An impressive six-arched stone bridge across the Teifi, with a 1656 datestone on the parapet.


Description:
A single-arched stone bridge, built for Sir Benjamin Hammett of Castell Malgwyn in 1799 to carry the Llechryd to Boncath road over the canal serving the Penygored Tinplate Works.  This was done when Hammett changed the line of the road, which had previously run in front of his mansion at Castell Malgwyn.  The keystones of the arch on either side of the bridge are of cast iron and bear Hammett's family crest ( a castle and crossed cannons).


Description:
This old stone bridge dates to 1799 and was built for Sir Benjamin Hammett, when he changed the line of the road from Llechryd into Pembrokeshire.  The road originally ran past the house at Castell Malgwyn, but was moved eastwards to be further from the mansion. This meant a new section of road also had to be built across the Morgenau stream higher up its course, to pass south of the gardens and woodlands around Castell Malgwyn.  The Hammett Bridge was constructed to take this new road over the stream gorge.  A plaque on the bridge parapet commemorates the date of the bridge and has listed building status.


Description:
This former school (closed in early 21st century) is now a private house.


Name:
CAPEL NEWYDD CALVANISTIC METHODIST CHAPEL

Description:
An attractive chapel , originally built in 1763, but rebuilt in 1848. The red-brick vestry was added in the early 20th century and the "ty capel" is built onto the opposite gable end.  Still used as a place of worship.


Description:
A pair of lodge houses at an entrance into the Cilwendeg Estate.  Both are now private dwelling houses.  The lodge buildings and the associated gate piers and gates have listed building status.


Description:
Maenordeifi New Church at Carreg Wen was built in 1898 a replacement for the old church, which lies closer to the river Teifi.  This church was largely paid for by the Colby family of Ffynnone Mansion and the Saunder-Davies family of Pentre.  Inside the church are the unusual mosaiced font and pulpit which originally stood in the private chapel of Pentre mansion.


Description:
The churchyard attached to St David's Church is 20th century in date but still of some genealogical interest.


Description:
This is the site of a former chapel-of-ease to Maenordeifi church, which is almost certainly of medieval origin.  It is first mentioned in 1547 and by 1833 was a ruin.  It now only survives as an earthwork site. It is thought that a burial ground surrounded the chapel.


Description:
Cilgerran town is one of the most historic settlements in Pembrokeshire. It is an ancient borough (although its charter does not survive) and possesses a number of architecturally and historically important buildings, including the Norman castle, parish church and a significant number of listed buildings.  In past times, weekly markets were held in Cilgerran as well as three annual fairs, held on June 13th, August 21st (St Lawrence's Day) and November 11th.  The latter two were important cattle fairs.  The November fair was moved to Cardigan in the 19th century, where it continues to be held.


Description:
This expanding, modern village takes its name from Crymych Farm and began during the 19th century as a small collection of cottages around the Crymych Arms inn, which grew rapidly once the Whitland & Cardigan Railway was constructed and a railway station opened here.  This led to Crymych being a locally important centre for the livestock trade, as animals could be exported by rail and supplies brought in.  Weekly livestock markets were held in the 19th century as well as two annual fairs, in May and September, the latter of which is still held. A fortnightly sheep mart is still held also.  Today the village has a wide range of services, including primary and secondary schools, a health centre, leisure centre, police and fire stations, a rugby club and ground and many commercial enterprises, including gift shops.


Description:
Glogue Terrace is a row of terraced houses built during the 19th century as quarrymen's cottages to provide homes for workers employed by the nearby Glogue quarries. The houses are occupied and retain much of their original character.


Description:
This historic railway, known fondly in the area as the "Cardi Bach" was built during the 1870s and reached the Crymych area by 1874.  Stations were provided at Glôg (serving the slate quarries there), Llanfyrnach (serving the silver-lead mine) and Crymych, which sparked the development of the village as a commercial centre for the wider area.  The line was subsequently extended to Cardigan, with stations opening in Boncath and Cilgerran.  The line was closed in the early 1960s.  Much of its course can still be followed across the landscape, but some sections have been interrupted by later development and agricultural activity.


Description:
This village has medieval origins and its ruined castle, holy well and parish church site are evidence of its role as the focus of the medieval Knight's Fee and Manor.  The nearby site of the defended mansion of Court, home to a Bishop of St Davids in the 13th century, reinforces its early importance.  In Post Medieval times its importance continued, with shops and inns amongst its  commercial properties.  The historic Sergeants Inn was once popular with solicitors travelling to court sessions in Cardigan, and mock trials would be held in the inn for the entertainment of the local populace.  In the late 19th century, the village had a magistrates court built alongside the inn.  About the same time, the old village school was built.  Ffair Feigan - St Meigan's Fair - was held in the village annually on the Monday before November 22nd.  In the 21st century the village has grown outside its historic core, although the older cottages in the settlement still form an attractive group around the parish church.


Description:
Cilfowyr Baptist chapel is one of the earliest nonconformist chapels in North Pembrokeshire.  It was founded in 1716 and enlarged in 1795 and 1879.  The vestry, which stands at the edge of the burial ground, was built in 1896-97.  The open-air baptistery is c.70m to the west of the front gates of the chapel, down a green lane.


Description:
A large burial ground surrounding Cilfowyr Baptist chapel.  Burials date back to the 18th century and the graveyard is of considerable genealogical and historic interest.


Name:
ST DAVID'S OLD PARISH CHURCH, MAENORDEIFI

Description:
St David's church is a largely medieval building, with approximately 80% of its structure dating to the 13th or 14th century, which has earned it a Grade 2* listed building status.  Most of its internal fixtures date to the 18th and 19th centuries and the building was renovated in the early 20th century.  It is mentioned in the Taxatio of 1291.  It is said that the church was originally dedicated to the Celtic saint Llawddog, who appears to have had a strong cult in the district.  The church fell out of use as a parish church in the late 19th century, being replaced by a new parish church at nearby Carregwen.  However, it has been maintained throughout the 20th century and in recent times has come under the management of the Friends of Friendless Churches, ensuring that it's doors remain open to visitors and essential care is continued.  The interior of the church retains features such as original medieval window lights and also an 18th century fireplace and box-pews, which give it a rare and impressive character.  The surrounding churchyard also retains rare features, such as cast-iron railings and grave surrounds which were removed from most old churchyards during the past century.


Name:
ST DAVID'S OLD PARISH CHURCHYARD, MAENORDEIFI

Description:
The churchyard at the old parish church, Maenordeifi is partly overgrown, but retains many accessible memorials.  Rare features include many surviving cast iron rails and grave surrounds, which were stripped from many churchyards when demand for scrap reached a peak during the Second World War.  The retention of so much of its pre-20th century character has led to the churchyard receiving Grade 2 listed building status.


Description:
This former rectory was associated with the old parish church, which lies c.200m to the northwest.  It was built in 1839, to replace and earlier parsonage (which no longer exists), which stood c.200m to the west of the church on Allt Clynhercyn.  The Old Rectory was sold off into private hands when a new parsonage was built at Carregwen in 1936, closer to the new parish church in that village. It is now a private residence. The house is a listed building.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP60/5/1) passes just to the east of the Old Rectory.


Description:
Castell Malgwyn farm has a history which extends back into medieval times.  It is said that it takes its name from a castle built nearby by Maelgwn ap Rhys, the son of the Lord Rhys of Deheubarth.  No such castle has been identified in the area however and the name refer to a fortified mansion.  It is known that Ieuan Fychan, a descendant of Cadifor Fawr of Blaencych, lived here c.1400 and his descendants remained at Castell Malgwyn until the mid-16th century.  James ap Howell, a kinsmen of the important Tudor figure Sir Rhys ap Thomas, married into the family during the 16th century, and from here he fled into exile to escape persecution by Henry VIII in 1533, having been imprisoned in the Tower of London for some 2 years.  He was to return here in the 1550s to re-establish his estates during the reign of Queen Mary.  After James' died c.1555, the property passed to the family of his wife's sister, and Morgan Jones of Tywyn, near Cardigan took ownership.  The property passed through various families and became a tenant-farm by the mid-18th century.  It then came under the ownership of the Penygored Tinplate Works in the 1770s and along with the works was purchased by Sir Benjamin Hammett.  He decided to built a new Castell Malgwyn closer to the banks of the Teifi, where the present Castell Malgwyn mansion stands.  The original house and farmstead was turned into a Model Farm, with elaborate stables and outbuildings as well as an unusual D-shaped walled kitchen garden.  When Hammett's family sold his estate in 1824, the Gower's of Glandovan acquired the old farmstead along with the rest of the property.  Abel Lewes Gower was responsible for creating a new ornamental garden, to the south of the walled kitchen garden here during the 1840s.  Today, elements of the gardens and estate buildings of old can still be seen at and around the farm, making it an exceptionally historic landscape.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP60/3/1) passes to the east and north of the farm complex.


Description:
The buildings of this former Home Farm associated with Pentre Mansion mostly have listed building status, including the farmhouse, a cottage,  a courtyard range of outbuildings and a central building on the courtyard itself.  This attractive group has been proposed as the site for a hotel complex in the early 20th century.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP60/11/2) runs through the heart of the former Pentre estate, including the yard of Pentre Farm.


Description:
Attractive farmland, woodland and former garden areas survive around Pentre Mansion and its attached Home Farm.

Comments:
Public footpaths offer  potential circular walk from Abercych, through the heart of the Pentre estate.  These are footpaths PP


Description:
A Bronze Age looped and socketed bronze axe head was found at Penrallt Goch in the early 20th century.  It is now kept at Carmarthen museum.


Description:
13 prehistoric flints, including scrapers, flint cores, a flint knife and other flint flakes were found around Ffynnone Home Farm before 1951.  They are possibly Mesolithic in date and would appear to show that early hunters frequented the area.  They are now at the National Museum of Wales.

Comments:
National Museum of Wales Accession Code 34.65


Description:
A large area of parkland associated with Ffynnone mansion is depicted on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map, including a large field both to the north and south of the house.  Many estate features survive in the gardens and parkland around the house, including formal gardens, a fountain garden and a walled kitchen garden.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP60/17/1) passes along the northern edge of the parkland. Register of Historic Parks & Gardens No. PGW (Dy) 18(Pem).


Description:
The former Home Farm to Ffynnone mansion.  It does not now appear to be a working farm.  An outbuilding on the northwestern side of the farmyard is a listed building.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP60/17/1) passes immediately to the north of the farmstead.


Description:
A former lodge building at the entrance to Ffynnone mansion. Now a private house.

Comments:
The adjacent gate piers are listed structures (Listed Building No.15129)


Description:
The Garden Cottage is associated with the former Ffynnone estate.  It stands alongside the walled garden that supplied the mansion which itself retains estate features such a gazebo, which is a listed building.


Description:
Felin Nant is shown as a working corn mill on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map, although the mill building is shown as being to the rear of the present house of Nantmill.  By the 1907 edition of the map, Felin Nant is marked as "Disused", but the original building has disappeared and been replaced by Nantmill, which seems to be described as a Saw Mill.  Water to power both mills was drawn from the Nant Dulas and carried by a leat running from near Pont Newydd, to the west.


Description:
Gellideg is one of the historic farmsteads of the parish of Maenordeifi, and appears to have had a small estate of its own at one time.  A small gatehouse or lodge to the property is located 1.5km to the west at Iet Wen.  Gellideg is notable for the fact that the house and several of the farm outbuildings are listed buildings, being a relatively rare survival of a 19th century group of stone agricultural buildings.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP60/17/1) passes to the east of the farmstead, linking Abercych and the Ffynnone estate.


Description:
Ramoth Baptist chapel was built in 1826 and rebuilt in 1868.  It appears to have fallen out of use as a place of worship during the early 21st century.


Description:
In 1753, a successful businessman named Thomas Lewis, who had been associated with Blackpool Forge at Canaston Bridge and the Coedmore Forge, Llechryd, purchased the Clynfyw estate.  Lewis set up an iron forge at Abercych Mill in 1749, presumably attracted by plentiful supplies of woodland to produce charcoal in the area, needed to fire the furnaces.  It appears that he converted an existing corn mill for the purpose.  Little seems to be recorded of the history of the forge, although its presence would have undoubtedly attracted workers to live in the Cych valley and would have started the development of the village now known as Abercych.  By the 19th century, it seems that the forge had been replaced by a corn mill and woollen mill sharing the site  These mills probably drew water from the Afon Cych via the same leat used to bring water to the forge site in the 18th century.  The name Forge Cych has survived until the present day. The mill buildings now form a holiday complex.


Description:
The site of the former church has been turned into a Millennium Garden, following the removal of the building in the late 20th century.  St John's was a corrugated iron building which was erected and opened in 1897.  The land was donated by the Saunders-Davies family of Pentre.


Description:
A metal trade token, issued by John Wilkinson, Iron Founder in 1797 was found near Abercych and may be associated with activity at the iron forge at Forge Cych during the 18th century.   Wilkinson was one of the leading ironmasters of his day and his works were producing about one-eighth of the total output of the British iron industry in 1796.


Description:
An historic inn and, visually, one of the most important buildings in the village.  It is reputedly of 12th century origin, but it has certainly been present since the 16th century.  It became a coaching inn during the 19th century.  It is now a private house.


Description:
In 1911 a group of local farmers and businessman got together to create the "Market Hall Company Ltd"  in order to provide the community with a hall that would be suitable for all sorts of public meetings and gatherings as well as markets.  In 1914 the plot of land on which the market hall still stands was acquired and the Hall was opened in June 1919.


Description:
The site of a former chapel of ease, the building was already in decay by the beginning of the 17th century.


Description:
In the late 17th and early 18th century, a mixed congregation of Baptists and Independents worshipped at Cilcam.  They eventually divided, but it is the place where local Baptist and Congregational chapels have their origins.


Description:
This Bronze Age round barrow survives intact in an area recently developed for housing.  It is 23m in diameter and 1.75m high.


Description:
This chapel was built in 1845 , as a branch of Penygroes.  In the late 19th century the chapel became disused and worship has continued in the nearby vestry.  The chapel building is now used as a workshop.  It has a large burial ground.  Amongst its better known sons was the Rev. T.E. Nicholas (Niclas y Glais), the poet, preacher and politician.


Description:
The large burial ground attached to Antioch Chapel.


Description:
Archaeological fieldwork and excavation in 1989-1990 discovered evidence that there had been a Neolithic axe factory in the field to the south of Glyn y Fran.  Flakes of rhyolite and "rough-outs" of stone axes were found.  Also discovered was evidence of 4 Bronze Age ring barrows, surviving only as buried features.

Comments:
No public access, but this is an important archaeological site.


Description:
A sub-rectangular hillfort, measuring c.70m x 50m, but is now very denuded after centuries of ploughing.

Comments:
Public footpath PP44/46/1 passes a short distance to the south, downslope of the hillfort.


Description:
Glandwr chapel is one of the oldest Independent chapels in Pembrokeshire.  The first chapel was built in 1712, with its last substantial rebuild in 1876.  A vestry stands to east of the chapel and there is a large burial ground.


Description:
A large burial ground attached to Glandwr Independent Chapel, with burials dating back to the 18th century.  It is a site of genealogical interest.


Description:
The Trehywel Stone was moved from its earlier location on Trehywel Farm to the graveyard at Glandwr chapel in the late 19th century.  The stone stands 1.35m high and is inscribed with an ogham inscription and a ring-cross and dates to the 5th-6th century AD.  A cremation burial was reported at the original site of the stone when it was first moved (at Iet Wen), which suggests that the stone may have originally been a Bronze Age standing stone.


Description:
This former mill was operating as a fulling mill as early as 1650 and continued to operate as a woollen mill as late as the 1930s.  In 1846, the Tithe Schedule records it as a Tucking Mill (fulling mill). During the 20th century is was a woollen mill, producing woollen heavy tweeds, knitting yarn and blankets.  The building has been converted into a private dwelling in the late 19th century.


Description:
Pontygafael is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire". During medieval times, descendants of Jenkin Lloyd of Blaiddbwll (Bribwll) lived here. From the start of the 18th century, until the 1970s, Pontygafel was associated with the James family, who were influential members of Glandwr chapel.  Edward Howell James of Pontygafael was an important figure in the development of the farmers co-operative movement in the late 19th century and also prominent in the development of the Whitland & Cardigan Railway (the Cardi Bach).

Comments:
A footpath (PP44/26/6) runs through the yard of Pontygafael.


Description:
Bigni is recorded as an earth mound, c.20m long x 8.5m wide and up to 0.8m high.  By tradition it is said to be a beacon site, although the mound itself may be a Bronze Age barrow.  Roman coins were found on the mound c.1820.


Description:
A cottage names Ty Unos is shown on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map.  The significance of the name is that the cottage may well belong to the "ty unnos" tradition, whereby a house built between sunset and sunrise, and an enclosing plot of land, could be claimed by its builder. It is not clear if the 19th century cottage survives. A private dwelling stands on the site.


Description:
The former village school in Hermon was closed in 2005, but it is proposed that it will be retained as a community building.  It is intended to develop the building as an information point, including for tourist information


Description:
An attractive 19th century chapel in Hermon village.  Brynmyrnach is a branch of Glandwr chapel and was built in 1888.  It does not have a burial ground.


Description:
A Bronze Age bronze axehead was discovered during ploughing here, in the early 20th century.  The axe is now kept that the National Museum of Wales.


Description:
This large standing stone was originally one of a pair of stones.  It stands 3m high in  a field boundary hedge, alongside the trackway to Brynmeini.  The seconds stone, which was itself over 2m high, was apparently removed in the mid-20th century.

Comments:
Two footpaths (PP44/23/1 & PP44/26/1) pass to the south and east of the stone, both part of the Crymych-Frenni Trails (Planed) from where it should be visible.  It is also on the entrance lane to Brynmeini, which has a holiday cottage.


Description:
A large standing stone, reportedly once one of a pair of stones.  The surviving stone is 2.6m high. It stands in a cultivated field.

Comments:
Two footpaths (PP44/23/1 & PP44/26/2) pass to the north and east of the stone, both linked to the Crymych-Frenni Trails (Planed), from where the stone should be visible.


Description:
A rough-out of a Neolithic stone axehead, made of rhyolite similar to the stone found at the axe-factory at Glyn y Fran, Crymych.  The present location of the stone is not known.


Description:
Bribwll, or Blaiddpwll as it was known originally, is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".  Richard Fenton also described the house in the early 18th century.  In medieval times it was  the home of Jenkin Llwyd of Cemaes, a descendant of Gwynfardd Dyfed.  In the 17th century the estate included six farms, two mills and 354 acres of land. It was assessed as having three hearths in 1670.  Parts of the original mansion survive among the trees below the present house, which was built in 1898.

Comments:
A minor road passes to the west of the farm. A public footpath (PP44/19/1).


Description:
The mill here was working into the early 20th century but has now been converted into a private dwelling.

Comments:
Public footpath PP44/19/1 passes through the former mill site and then crosses the county boundary into Carmarthenshire.


Description:
The earthwork remains of a medieval chapel survive in a cultivated field.  This chapel was mentioned by George Owen of Henllys c.1600.  It is not shown on the Ordnance Survey map of 1831, by when it was clearly abandoned and forgotten.  The foundations of the chapel can be seen, and they stand in the remains of a circular "llan" or churchyard which presumably was used for burial.

Comments:
No public footpath.  May be visible from minor road to west.


Description:
Trehenry is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".  It was the home of the ancestors of Jenkin Lloyd of Blaiddbwll in medieval times. His father Ieuan Fychan ap Ieuan Llwyd is mentioned as living at "Pentre Henry" in a deed of 1390.


Description:
A possible standing stone which stand in a boundary bank alongside the farm lane.  It is up to 1.6m high.


Description:
An intact standing stone, 2m high, located in a cultivated field.

Comments:
No public footpath or road access. On private farmland.


Description:
An early Christian inscribed stone, thought to date to the 7th to 9th centuries AD.  It has a Latin cross incised into its face and is now built in a boundary wall.


Description:
A medieval castle mound or motte, which stands at the roadside opposite the parish church.  The motte is now overgrown with vegetation, but can be seen to rise to over 4m in height.  A shallow depression in the top of the motte has been reported as exposing stone foundations.

Comments:
The Crymych-Frenni Trails: Walk D The Cardi Bach Trail passes the motte along the road to the south.


Description:
St Brynach's church is associated with traditions about the early medieval St. Brynach, who supposedly founded it.  It stands in a small, oval churchyard which may be an early medieval "llan" or even based on a prehistoric defended enclosure.  The ground to the east and south of the churchyard falls away sharply.  The church was completely rebuilt in the 19th century, removing all traces of the medieval church.  An early Christian inscribed stone, known as the Tavusi Stone, was recorded at the church in 1708 but has since been lost.  The church and its lych-gate are listed buildings.

Comments:
The Crymych-Frenni Trails: Walk D The Cardi Bach Trail passes along the road to the north.


Description:
A small churchyard surrounds St Brynachs parish church.  It is of some genealogical interest.


Description:
This chapel was built in 1808 and rebuilt in 1863.


Description:
The burial ground attached to Hermon Baptist Chapel is of genealogical interest.


Description:
The small burial ground of Brynmyrnach Independent Chapel is detached from the chapel itself and stands at the edge of Hermon village.  It is of genealogical interest.


Description:
Glogue Mill is shown on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map as a Corn Mill.  It appears to have survived into the mid-20th century. It is now a private dwelling.

Comments:
This former mill stands alongside the Crymych-Frenni Trails: Walk D The Cardi Bach Trail (public footpath PP14/41/1).


Description:
Llanfyrnach Lead-Silver Mine was the most productive metal mine in Pembrokeshire and reached its peak during the mid to late-19th century.  The site is now overgrown and only fragmentary building remains survive.  Some of the former leats which carried water to work the waterwheels at the mine can still be traced across the fields outside the mine site. The Cornish Engine house has survived in reasonably good condition, although has undergone conversion into a dwelling in recent times.


Description:
A 19th century Cornish engine house which powered Llanfyrnach lead mine.  The building had fallen into dereliction during the 20th century, although its walls and chimney still stood.  In the early 21st century is has been converted into a private dwelling.


Description:
This row of terraced miners' cottages was built in the mid-1860s.  They are built to an unusual back-to-back style, a detail peculiar to the Wolverhampton area, where the designer Thomas Turner came from.

Comments:
Stands alongside the Crymych-Frenni Trails: Walk D The Cardi Bach Trail.


Description:
The site of the former station on the Whitland & Cardigan Railway is now represented only by the Station House, which is a private dwelling.


Description:
A spotted dolerite stone axe of Neolithic date was found on church land at Llanfyrnach in 1846.  Its location is not known, although it is said that the axe was 21cm long.


Description:
Trefawr was part of the Castell Gossan grange belonging to Whitland Abbey during medieval times.  It is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".


Description:
Ffynnon Frynach, dedicated to St Brynach, is thought to be a medieval holy well.


Description:
This former chapel is now a private dwelling.  It was built in 1838 and closed in the late 20th century.

Comments:
Can be seen from the road and retains something of  its chapel like appearance.


Description:
The historic vicarage of St Dogmaels.  It is an attractive building, dating to 1867,  built on the site of an earlier Vicarage and possibly that of the earlier mansion occupied by the Bradshaw family, who purchased the abbey from the Crown in the 1530s.  There are large cellars beneath the Vicarage which may belong to such an early mansion.


Description:
The old Coach House, which belonged to the adjacent Vicarage, has been converted into a Heritage Centre, which has a modern extension added to its northern end and acts and an entry point to the medieval abbey.  Inside the coach house, a heritage exhibition explains the history of the abbey and its environs and also has a display of several important Early Christian and medieval inscribed stones.


Description:
An attractive 19th century warehouse building associated with a quay at the heart of the old port of St Dogmaels.  Now occupied by Jewsons Ltd and a listed building.


Description:
In 1917, c.200 Roman coins were discovered in a vessel buried at Panteg, by a farmhand ploughing.  The find was reported in the local newspaper but no further details are known and the fate of the coins in unknown.


Description:
According to tradition, Mwtshwr was an area of early medieval ecclesiastical activity, perhaps part of the sanctuary lands (noddfa) of St Dogmaels Abbey. The name is used for a local dwelling today.


Description:
Plas Newydd is a historic home where the descendants of the Lord of Tywyn, Ferwig lived during the 16th century.  Stephen Parry, High Sheriff of Cardiganshire lived here in the early 17th century and his descendants sold it to Sir Watkin Lewes (a former Lord Mayor of London) in 1786.  Lewes built a new mansion and no trace of the original dwelling is known to survive. The original mansion was assessed as having 7 hearths in 1670.


Description:
The site of the Bryngwyn Stone, an early medieval wheel cross which was donated to the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff in 1921.  It is thought that it may have marked the boundary of the sanctuary or Noddfa of St Dogmaels Abbey in pre-Norman times.


Description:
The site of an early Christian inscribed stone, which bore a ring cross.  It was moved to the National Museum of Wales in 1997, but formerly stood in a boundary bank and is thought to have possibly marked the boundary of the sanctuary or Noddfa of St Dogmael's Abbey in pre-Norman times.


Description:
A fine 19th century Baptist chapel, standing in its own extensive burial ground, with the outdoor baptistery and vestry to its northern side and a large parking ground to its west.  The chapel was founded in 1807 and the building replaced in 1856.  It has recently been refurbished and an interpretation board placed on its eastern wall.


Description:
The large graveyard attached to Blaenffos Baptist chapel is of genealogical interest.


Description:
A relatively well preserved round barrow on the open common of Frenni Fawr, from where excellent views can be gained.  The barrow measures 1.3m high and is 7m in diameter.  It has a central crater as it was excavated in the 19th century, when it was shown to have a cremation burial and a cremation urn interred in a cist.

Comments:
On route of Crymych - The Frenni Trails Walk


Description:
This medieval church was a chapel of ease to Penrhydd parish, which was owned by the Knights Templars of Slebech.  Castellan was mentioned in the Taxatio list of Pope Nicholas IV in 1291.  It fell out of use about 1700 and now survives only as a low rectilinear earthwork in a field.


Description:
Cilrhue is now a working farm but was home to a branch of the influential Lloyd family in the 18th and 19th centuries. Cilrhue is known to have been occupied during the 15th century.  In 1591, the great genealogist Lewis Dwnn prepared a pedigree for Owen Phillip of Cilrhue.  The Phillip family were followed by the Lloyd family during the 17th century. James Lloyd was a High Sheriff in 1661 and in 1670 paid tax on 8 hearths for his mansion here. He was buried in Cilgerran parish church in 1707.  The estate soon passed through marriage to the Lloyd family of Bronwydd, who held it for almost 200 years, selling it to the Davies family who have farmed it into the 21st century.


Description:
This former parish church, St Michaels, has been disused for many years and is now privately owned.  The building is substantially intact, although rather derelict.  Gravestones still stand in the graveyard.  A public footpath runs through the site, to the south of the building.


Description:
The site of the former station on the Whitland - Cardigan railway (the Cardi Bach).  It became disused when the railway closed in 1963.  When operational the station complex included a good shed, shed store, dock, crane, cattle pens, shunting necks and a siding to a private store.


Description:
Wernddofn is included in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire"  and the house is a listed building. The Wernddofn estate was held by the Morgan family from  the early 17th century until 1825.  In 1837, a member of the influential Colby family owned the 318 acre property.


Description:
This is the site of medieval parish church, which was replaced with a new building in 1841. Penrhydd is not named in the Taxatio list of Pope Nicholas IV in 1291 so may be a later foundation.  It is dedicated to the Celtic saint Cristiolus.  In recent years it has been deconsecrated and sold for conversion into a private dwelling.


Description:
A probable medieval holy well close to Penrhydd church and in a roadside position.  Its name translates as The Well of Two Saints.


Description:
A small, rural chapel built in 1879, with a vestry and burial ground.

Comments:
Footpath PP9/11/1 runs through the graveyard


Description:
The burial ground attached to Fachendre chapel is accessible and in good condition.  An interesting monument to a World War One soldier who died as a Prisoner of War stands inside the access gate.


Description:
A three-storey, 19th century corn mill, now converted into a factory making preserves, with a small shop and tasting area.  The building complex includes a farmhouse, granary, dairy, cowshed and pigsty, as well as the mill building, all in attractive local stonework.

Comments:
Factory run by Wendy Brandon Handmade Preserves. Open 9 to 5, weekdays throughout the year.


Description:
This former vicarage dates to the 19th century and was associated with the now redundant Llanfihangel Penbedw church.  The old church hall stands close to the vicarage.

Comments:
A footpath (PP9/5/1) runs to the north of the vicarage, offering views from a distance.


Description:
A pair of lodge buildings at the Boncath entrance to the former Cilwendeg Estate.  The lodges are listed buildings, as are the gate piers associated with them

Comments:
Not certain if these are owned by Cilwendeg Farm or Cilwendeg Mansion, the latter being owned by the Local Authority.


Description:
Capel Colman was built in 1764 on the site of an earlier, medieval church.  Morgan Jones of Cilwendeg Mansion was responsible for building the new church.  It is a listed building and remains in use.  There may be an early medieval ecclesiastical site underlying the present church and graveyard.

Comments:
Footpath PP9/7/1 runs through the churchyard and connects the church to the Shell Grotto at Cilwendeg.


Description:
A small churchyard is attached to Capel Colman church.

Comments:
Footpath PP9/7/1 runs through the churchyard and connects it to the Shell Grotto at Cilwendeg.


Description:
Maen Colman is an early Christian inscribed stone, bearing a Maltese ring-cross on one face and a Latin cross on another face.  The stone stands 1.4m high and is used as a gatepost.


Description:
The historic parkland around Cilwendeg mansion is now divided between Cilwendeg farm and Cilwendeg Care Home, however its character remains essentially unchanged and it is a very dominant landscape feature in the area.  It is not generally accessible, but is crossed by public footpaths which give reasonable access to enjoy its scenery.

Comments:
Crossed by footpaths PP9/6/1 & PP9/7/1.  Parks & Gardens Register No. PGW(Dy)17(PEM)


Description:
Cilwendeg has a long history, and was the home of Llywelyn ap Hywel in the early 16th century, a descendant of Ednyfed Fychan, a chief official in the court of Prince Llywelyn ap Gruffydd of Gwynedd.  In the late 17th century, one Jacob Morgan of Faenor, Maenordeifi acquired Cilwendeg, and the place flourished under the descendants of his youngest daughter, Margaret Jones.  Morgan Jones, High Sheriff in 1801 built the mansion and was followed by his nephew, also named Morgan Jones, in 1831.  The present mansion is a fine three-storey country house, built in the late18th century by Morgan Jones (the elder).  The estate passed to his nephew, Morgan Jones (the younger) who built the now restored Shell Grotto and also rebuilt Capel Colman church.  The house and a large range of associated buildings still stand in its original parkland, although the mansion is now a Care Home and generally not accessible to the public.  The home farm is a working farm and also not accessible to the general public, other than via a public footpath which passes through the farmyard .  The Shell Grotto and Capel Colman church are both accessible however.

Comments:
Footpath PP9/7/1 passes through the yard of the home farm. Cilwendeg Care Home does have an annual open day as a fundraising activity.


Description:
The Shell Grotto was built by Morgan Jones (the younger) of Cilwendeg in the late 1820s to commemorate the memory of his uncle, Morgan Jones (the elder).  After falling into dereliction during the 20th century, it was restored in the early 20th century to its former glory.  It is open to the public for restricted periods during the summer months.  The restoration work was carried out under the guidance of The Temple Trust.

Comments:
Footpath PP9/7/1 links the Shell House to Capel Colman church and Cilwendeg farm.


Description:
A large, cruciform earthwork which represents a pillow mound or rabbit warren of probable medieval or early post-medieval date.

Comments:
On open access land, but within Gernos Fach farm's field.  Just to the north of the Foel Eryr Walking Leaflet (PCNP) and the Sychbant via Gellifawr Cycle Way (PCNP)


Description:
A large stone cairn atop Foel Eryr, which is an excellent viewpoint (there is a National Park view point pillar a short distance to the west).  The cairn measures 19m in diameter and is over 2m high.

Comments:
On the Preseli Prehistoric Trail (Dyfed Archaeological Trust) and the Foel Eryr Walking Leaflet (PCNP).


Description:
The earthworks and foundations of a small cottage and its associated fields can be seen in a field at the southern edge of the Preseli commons.  They are a good example of the sort of small farmsteads founded centuries ago as settlement spread further up the Preseli hills.

Comments:
Can be seen from the Preseli Hills Full Ridge Cycleway (PCNP) which follows a track to the east of the site.


Description:
The earthworks and foundations of a long abandoned cottage and field system are visible here, a good example of the sort of settlements that encroached onto the mountain common during post medieval times.


Description:
A Neolithic macehead, made from Preseli bluestone, found during ploughing at Cilgwyn Mawr. It has been donated to the National Museum of Wales.


Description:
Two early Christian inscribed stones stand at Trebwlch.  One is on the yard, the other c.150m to the south.  Each have wheel crosses cut into them.  It is likely that they were originally boundary markers marking the territory of a church or monastic holding in pre-Norman times.

Comments:
Not accessible but suitable for interpretation on a leaflet. Close to Sychbant via Gellifawr Cycleway (PCNP).


Description:
A fine standing stone, c.2m high which stands close to the track to Gernos Fach farm.

Comments:
Close to Foel Eryr walking trail (PCNP) and the Sychbant via Gellifawr Cycleway (PCNP)


Description:
An early Christian inscribed stone, with a cross carved into its face, dated to the 7th-11th centuries AD.  It is kept in the garden at Trehaidd, but was previously used as a step in a building there.


Description:
An early Christian inscribed stone, with a cross carved into its face, dated to the 8th-10th centuries AD.  It stands in the farmyard at Penparke.

Comments:
A footpath runs close to the stone, through Penparke.


Description:
A 1.8m tall standing stone, in a pasture field adjacent to a minor road off the B4329.


Description:
A standing stone pair, the stones standing 1.5 and 1.3m high, c.6m apart, located in a cultivated  field.

Comments:
A public footpath passes the stones a short distance to the south.


Description:
This 19th century corn mill is a listed building and now a private dwelling. It had an overshot waterwheel and was served by a leat carrying water from a weir to the south.

Comments:
Outbuilding is also listed.  Not close to a public footpath and possibly obscured by trees, but maybe visible from open access land to the northwest.


Description:
Brynberian is one of the oldest nonconformist chapels in north Pembrokeshire.  It was originally built in 1690 and was last restored in 1961.  It remains in use as a place of worship.  It has a large burial ground associated with it.


Description:
A Bronze Age halberd was found at Carn y Bont quarry, Brynberian and is kept at Carmarthen Museum.  It was reported during the early 1920s.


Description:
The site of a late 19th, early 20th century woollen factory. Now a private dwelling.

Comments:
Relatively close to a public footpath but not accessible.


Description:
An iron spearhead of unknown date was found in a field near Castell Mawr before 1925 (date uncertain).

Comments:
Apparently the spearhead in kept at Colchester Museum.


Description:
A large burial ground attached to Brynberian chapel, with graves dating back to the 18th century.


Description:
This important prehistoric monument is the only example of a "Gallery Grave" known in Wales (they are more commonly found in Ireland and England).  The site comprises two roughly parallel stone rows, about 10m long and 1m apart, which represent the grave passage which was originally covered by the earth and stone mound of the long cairn. Human remains would have been interred along this passage, probably in small side chambers.  The cairn mound has disappeared, but when this site was excavated in the late 1930s, traces of it were recognised, and it is thought that it would have measured c.20m long x 10m wide and maybe 1.5m high.  The excavation also found a pottery vessel and evidence of cremated human bone.   Interestingly, the monument is aligned east-west, which may signify alignment with the rising and setting sun.  The  western end of the passage was blocked, with the open end facing the rising sun.

Comments:
May be have a direct link to the Irish long cairn tradition.


Description:
A fine round barrow which stand in a prominent position on the Preseli ridge.  It measures c.30m in diameter and up to 2.5m high.

Comments:
On the line of several ridge top walking and cycling trails; Preseli Prehistoric Trail (DAT), Preseli Hills Full Ridge Cycleway (PCNP); Golden Road Walk (PCNP).


Description:
Hafod Tydfil is a remarkable settlement, its field system forming a green island of cultivation in the middle of the Preseli commons.  The house and buildings were demolished during the 1970s, but the land is still farmed.  It almost certainly has medieval origins and is thought to have possible associations with St Dogmaels Abbey.  In the 16th century it was an 8 acre tenement owned by the Bowen's of Pentre Ifan.  In the late 1940s, Hafod Tydfil was bought by the author R.M. Lockley, who farmed here for several years.  It is one of the settlements described in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".

Comments:
Surrounded by open access land, although the field system is private farmland.


Description:
An old animal pound, serving Meline parish, used until the 20th century to impound stray animals in the parish.  It stands close to the edge of the Preseli commons, opposite Newfoundland cottage.


Description:
Hen Felin is shown on late19th century Ordnance Survey maps, though not on the 1831 1 inch to 1 mile edition, suggesting that it was built in the second or third quarter of the century.  Its name suggested that it was a mill, possibly a woollen mill.  It was abandoned during the 20th century and is now a ruin.


Description:
A historic home included in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  It is mentioned in a deed dated to 1407, when Hywel ap Owen ap Rees occupied Hendre.

Comments:
No public access and hidden in the landscape by trees.


Description:
A well-preserved Iron Age  fort, formed by creating a defensive bank and ditch across the neck of a natural promontory.  The site is now partly wooded, although the main defences are clearly visible.


Description:
A possible Iron Age hillfort, located on a natural promontory overlooking the river valley to the south.  The site is now partly wooded.  There is some doubt as to whether this is a hillfort.

Comments:
Close to a public footpath, which passes at the bottom of the slope below.


Description:
A well-preserved Iron Age  fort, formed by creating a defensive bank and ditch across the neck of a natural promontory.  The site is now partly wooded, obscuring it defences to some extent.

Comments:
A public footpath runs along the eastern side of the site.


Description:
This is a very impressive monument, which is thought to be an Iron Age hillfort, but which may actually have its origins as a Neolithic henge monument.  The site is composed of a large circular enclosure, 1.3ha in area, defined by two concentric banks.  The enclosure is divided into two by a curving rampart and ditch that run through the middle of the site.  It is in a hilltop position.  Ploughing has uncovered many prehistoric flints over the years, which strengthens the theory that it is a pre-Iron Age monument which has been converted into a defended enclosure during the Iron Age.


Description:
Penybenglog is a historic home included in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".   It is known that an earlier house was in ruins in the 16th century and the present house is said to be early 17th century in date.  It was the home of the genealogist George William Griffith in the early 17th century.  He was a celebrated antiquarian, genealogist and patron of the bards in his day. The Griffith family of Penybenglog claimed kinship with Owain Glyndwr, the Tudors and James I of England.

Comments:
A public footpath passes close by to the north.


Description:
This house is mentioned by Francis Jones in his "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire" and is thought to have origins as early as the 14th century, although the present building is much later in date. Descendants of Gwynfardd Dyfed lived here from 1325 until 1750, during which time it was part of the Penybenglog estate, which was occupied by kinsmen.

Comments:
Public footpaths run through the farmyard.


Description:
Reported in 1925, but found earlier, was the discovery of an inverted black pottery urn of Roman date, found when quarrying near Dyffryn Benglog.  The urn was donated to Carmarthen Museum.  It may be the westernmost example known of a Roman cremation burial.


Description:
St Dogfaels is the church serving Meline parish.  The building was entirely rebuilt in 1863-65, but a medieval door surround has been reused in the northern wall.  This remarkable survival includes two human head mouldings of 14th or 15th century date.  The medieval font is also kept inside the church.  It is though that the church stands on an early medieval site.

Comments:
The church is not normally open but services are still held here regularly.


Description:
A small rural churchyard.  Some stones have been moved, but there is still potential genealogical interest associated with the burials here.


Description:
The site of what may well have been a medieval holy well associated with the cult of St Dogfael, although no healing traditions are recorded here.  Close to St Dogfael's church.

Comments:
A public footpath passes close to the spring.


Description:
Pengelli is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  Little is known of the families who have lived here, although the property was bought by the Lord of the Manor of Eglwyswrw, George Owen of Henllys in the late 16th century.  In the late 18th century the place was owned by "Mrs Hay and Mrs Price", daughters of Berllan, Eglwyswrw and members of the Lloyd family of Bronwydd, who owned the manor at that time.  There was once also an adjacent holding called Pengelli Fach or Fychan and in medieval times the hamlet of Pengelli Fychan was close by, which had a small chapel-of-ease.  Pengelli is a working farm.


Description:
A 17th century farmhouse, with some later additions, Penpedwast is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  Penpedwast is documented as far back as 1465. It was owned by George Owen of Henllys in the late 16th century and leased to the Revered Miles Thomas of Meline, who built a mansion for himself here.  George Owen left the property to his sons and it stayed in the ownership of Henllys until the death of William Owen in 1681, when it passed to Thomas Lloyd of Bronwydd through his marriage to Anne Owen of Henllys. Thomas Lloyd later bought the Barony of Cemaes also and thereafter the Lloyd family were Lords of Cemaes.  In the early 19th century, local Baptists are known to have held meetings here. Penpedwast was derelict for many decades in the late 20th century, but in 2009 is undergoing renovation.

Comments:
A footpath passes to the south of Penpedwast.


Description:
Henllan Owen (renamed The Pear Tree in the late 20th century) is associated with a medieval settlement named Henllan, the location of which is now uncertain.  Henllan cottage and Henllan Owen Uchaf stand nearby.  It is possible that there was a pre-Norman church in the vicinity, giving rise to the Henllan name.  A local tradition says that those killed in a battle between the local men and Norman invaders in the late 11th century were buried at Henllan.  Its history is recorded from the late 16th century, when George Owen of Henllys wrote of the Lewis family in residence as the descendants of Howell ap Jenkin of Nevern. He noted that they bore the arms of Pentre Ifan.  The Lewis family sold Henllan Owen to their kinsmen, the Bowens of Llwyngwair during the late 17th century.  The renowned Pembrokeshire historian Richard Fenton was a descendant of the Lewises of Henllan Owen. The property is described in Francis Jones "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire."


Description:
This former corn mill is now a private dwelling.  In 1843 it was the scene of an attack by Rebecca Rioters, who destroyed the weir associated with the mill leat, which located less that 100m upstream from the mill.


Description:
A small rural chapel, built in 1839.  Pontgynon is infrequently used but in good condition.  It does not have a burial ground.


Description:
Pontgynon is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  It was located within the medieval Knights Fee of Tregynon.  It is a working farmstead.


Description:
Rhostywarch is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  The house and its outbuilding are listed buildings.  Lewis Morris, the 18th century antiquarian found an inscribed stone here in 1746, when it was the seat of one John Howells.

Comments:
A public footpath runs through the yard of Rhostywarch.


Description:
An oval enclosure, defined by a low earth and stone bank, c.35m in diameter.  It may be a fold of medieval or post-medieval date, but could be an earlier, even prehistoric monument.


Description:
A mound which is thought to be a round barrow.  It measures 9m diameter x 1m high.


Description:
A rectangular enclosure, defined by a low earth and stone bank, c.25m square.  It may be a fold of medieval or post-medieval date.


Description:
This monument is quite unique and is not properly understood.  It is thought to be prehistoric and some form of ritual stone setting within an earthwork enclosure, but there are no parallels in the area or elsewhere in Wales.  By tradition it is associated with Arthurian legend.

Comments:
Stands close to several routes along the Preseli ridge; Preseli Prehistoric Trail (DAT), Preseli Full Ridge Cycleway (PCNP), The Golden Road (PCNP).


Description:
A denuded earthwork enclosure, possibly a sheepfold, to the east of Carn Breseb c.25m long x over 10m wide.

Comments:
Just east of the Foeldrygarn to Carnalw Walk (Planed).


Description:
Carnalw is a small but visually and archaeologically impressive Iron Age hillfort.  The defended area has been created by constructing a stone rampart to enclose a triangular area on the western side of a large rock outcrop which dominates its immediate landscape.  Around the western side of the fort is a broad chevaux de frise (many thousands of small stones set in the ground to prevent attack by horsemen), plainly visible on the land surface.  The original, narrow access road is visible through the chevaux de frise, which gives a clear path into the interior of the fort.  On the slopes surrounding the hillfort and outcrop are numerous enclosures, field parcels and hut foundations. These may date to any, or all periods since the Iron Age, from Romano-British to Post Medieval.  This is one of the prime archaeological landscapes in the Preseli hills.

Comments:
Located on the Foeldrygarn to Carnalw Walks Trail (Planed).


Description:
A large earth and stone built corn-drying kiln on the edge of the Preseli common, measuring c.11m in diameter, with a flue passage leading to its northern edge from a central kiln pot.

Comments:
Located close to  the Foeldrygarn to Carnalw Walks Trail (Planed).


Description:
This former corn mill once served the manor of Eglwyswrw.  It was named after Jordan de Cantington, a medieval lord of the manor.  After decades of dereliction, the mill house has been converted into a private dwelling in the late 21st century.  The mill is famous as the location where the Welsh folk song Lladd y Mochyn Du was written.

Comments:
Several footpaths run through the yard; PP18/13/1, PP18/11/2, PP18/12/1


Description:
This standing stone once stood c.3m high, but it was blasted with explosives in the mid-19th century and broken into two parts.  The bottom part of the stone, 1.2m high still stands in position in a cultivated field.  The top of the stone lies in the hedge nearby.


Description:
This medieval castle includes a well preserved defensive rampart and ditch, inside which is the castle motte.  Stonework survives of the base of a stone tower that once stood on the motte.

Comments:
In a private field but access is possible with permission from the landowner.


Description:
This medieval holy well site has been used during the early 19th century to provide water for a gentleman's cold bathhouse and was also concreted over during the Second World War to provide water for the nearby Prisoner of War camp.  In recent years the site has been cleared of vegetation and the spring runs freely again.

Comments:
Access can be gained with permission from the owner of Tyddyn Castell B&B.


Description:
Court has medieval origins and  was the home of David Martin, the Bishop of St Davids, in the 12th century.  It became the home of the Cantington family in 1199.  The Cantingtons were Lords of the Manor and their descendants  lived here until the 16th century. By the late 16th century it was owned by George Owen of Henllys who described the mansion as being derelict.  He also noted the moat that surrounded the old house, which he thought to have been a defended stronghold or castle in its earlier history.  George Owen's eldest son Alban Owen settled here in 1597, but moved to Henllys in 1615 after his father's death.  A new house was built nearby which was occupied by the Ford family until the end of the 17th century.  Court is described in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  All that remains of the medieval house is a rock cut moat that surrounded the dwelling.  Court is a working farm.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP18/21/1) passes the site.


Description:
Berllan is a historic home mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  It has medieval origins, and in the late 16th century was occupied by William Owen, a brother of George Owen of Henllys.  His family lived here until the mid 18th century.  It later became a possession of the Lloyd family of Bronwydd, Lords of Cemaes.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP18/21/1) passes the house.


Description:
Trewilym is one of the older farms in Eglwyswrw. It is a historic home mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  In the 13th century it  was the home of William de Cantington, the Norman Lord of the Manor, whose name it takes. His descendants continued here until it was sold to George Owen of Henllys in the late 16th century. It is now a working farm.


Description:
Trewilym Isaf is one of the older farms in Eglwyswrw. It is a historic home mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  It was owned by the Cantington family, medieval Lords of the Manor, and when they sold neighbouring Trewilym, the family continued to live at Trewilym Isaf.


Description:
Part of a Neolithic stone axe, made of a fine silicaceous tuff, was discovered on a sheep track on Waun Mawn in 1981.  It is now kept at Pembrokeshire County Museum.


Description:
A standing stone, which is c.1.6m high.  Close by are three large stones which lie flat and may originally have formed part of a stone alignment or even a stone circle along with the standing stone.


Description:
A standing stone pair which stand 1m apart and are c.1.3m high, leaning slightly to the north.


Description:
A very large stone set at the edge of the modern road across the Preseli hills.  It may be a Bronze Age standing stone, or a more recent waymarker on the cross-mountain route.  It stand up to 1.6m high.

Comments:
On Foel Eryr footpath (PCNP) and the Preseli Prehistoric Trail (Dyfed Archaeological Trust).


Description:
Aelybryn is now a guest house complex, but it was originally a Second World War Women's Land Army hostel and then a Prisoner of War Camp for Italians.


Description:
Frochest  is a historic home mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".   It has medieval origins and was a home of the Cantington family in the 14th century.  It became part of the Henllys estate of the Lords of Cemaes in the 16th century.

Comments:
A public footpath passes through Frochest (PP18/21/1).


Description:
A small Iron Age promontory fort, defined by denuded earthwork ramparts.

Comments:
A public footpath passes to the south of the site (PP53/22/1)


Description:
The original baptistery for Ebeneser chapel, now disused, is located in woodland in the valley below the chapel.

Comments:
A public footpath passes the site (PP53/21/1).


Description:
An attractive and well maintained Baptist chapel, founded in the late 18th century and rebuilt during the 19th century (the nearby chapel vestry was in fact the original chapel).


Description:
Ebeneser chapel has a large burial ground. Many of the older stones have been moved and reset in straight lines.  The graveyard is well maintained.  In front of the chapel is a monument commemorating the former minister T.R.Jones, who was a poet and hymn-writer.


Description:
Cwmbetws is a historic home mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  In the late 18th century it was owned by the Rev. William Williams, Bethania, Cardigan, who founded nearby Ebeneser chapel.  The farmhouse and its traditional buildings date to the late 18th or early 19th century.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP41/5/1) passes through the farmyard.


Description:
The site of a small Iron Age defended enclosure.  It has been ploughed out and is barely recognisable in the landscape.  An iron "sword" was reportedly found within the fort during ploughing,  during the 1970s or earlier.  The fate of the sword is not known.


Description:
This medieval castle motte stands amongst the fields south of Llainfawr farm. The mound stands c.2.6m and creates a flat area 36m x 26m.  It has a ditch visible along its eastern and southeastern sides.  A causeway enters the site from the southeast.  It is possible that this is a medieval moated house site.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP18/4/3) passes 90m away to the east and may offer views.


Description:
During the 19th century, a poorhouse serving the parish of Eglwyswrw stood here on the parish common. It provided a home for destitute parishioners at the cost of the parish.  During the 20th century an Isolation Hospital was built on the site, which was disused by the last quarter of the century.  Present use of the site is unknown.

Comments:
The site is within an area of open access and public footpath PP18/11/4 passes close to the west.


Description:
Treclyn Isaf  is a historic home mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  It has medieval origins and was once a property owned by the Bronwydd Estate. Since the 18th century it has been home to the Rees family.  The original farmhouse was largely replaced in the 1970s.

Comments:
Several public footpaths run through farm (PP18/3/2).


Description:
This historic building dates to the period c.1870 and served for over a century as  magistrates court and lock up for the district.  It was closed in the late 1980s and has since fallen into dereliction.  It is built against the gable end of the former Sergeants Inn public house and forms part of an important building range at the heart of Eglwyswrw village.

Comments:
This building has potential as a possible heritage centre.  Listed along with the adjacent Sergeants Inn.


Description:
This building was originally built as a meeting house for local Methodists in the early 19th century.  When the Methodists broke away from the Anglican Church in 1811, the building was seized by the church and thereafter used as a Church Hall.  It was used as a community hall during the late 20th century and is now chiefly used by the Young Farmers Club.


Description:
This attractive building was probably built during the early 19th century as part of the Sergeants Inn complex.  However, as its name implies, it stands on the site of an earlier armoury building, used by the local yeomanry before the 19th century.  It is now being converted into a private dwelling.


Description:
An attractive stone building which was formerly the village school, built c.1870.  In the late 20th century it was renovated and converted into a village hall, but retains much of its original character.


Description:
The present church was built in the late 19th century and little of the earlier church survives.  There was certainly  church here throughout medieval times, but it is not certain whether there was a pre-Norman church on the same site.  Although the church is dedicated to the Celtic saint Cristiolus, there is also a tradition that a small chapel stood in the churchyard until at least the 17th century, dedicated to St Wrw (after whom Eglwyswrw is said to be named).


Description:
The large churchyard around St Cristiolus' Church is accessible and well maintained. It has genealogical interest.


Description:
Glogue Farm (originally known as Glôg y Fran) is a historic home mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  Glogue was occupied by the Owen family during the 17th and 18th centuries. It was assessed as having 4 hearths in 1670.  This family died out in the late 18th century and an unrelated Owen family took up residence soon afterwards.  This second family farmed 268 acres.  Its last male member was John Owen,  who was associated with introducing machinery into the nearby slate quarries and also active in the establishment of the Whitland & Cardigan Railway (The Cardi Bach) during the 1870s. His daughters lived at Glogue Farm until the second half of the 20th century, but were childless.

Comments:
House and outbuildings are listed.  A public footpath  (PP14/44/1) passes just to the south.


Description:
Mill Cottage stands at the roadside, close to Glogue Quarries.  It takes its name from a saw mill which stood just to the southwest in the late 19th century.  A millpond which fed water to work machinery at the saw mill was located just to the west.


Description:
Glogue village was served by the Whitland & Crymych Railway (Cardi Bach) until the 1960s.  The gates of the level crossing in the village can still be seen, as well as the old station house (now a private dwelling), which stands alongside the trackbed of the old railway.


Description:
The site of Blaen Bilain Mill, which stood here during the 19th century but which has been lost during the 20th century.  It was fed by a mill leat running from the west.

Comments:
Public footpath PP14/2/3 passes just to the east of the site


Description:
This disturbed round barrow measures 19m in diameter and is c.1.3m high.  It appears to have been excavated or robbed out in the past, but most of the mound survives.

Comments:
In an area of open access, close to the Route 47 cycleway.


Description:
Now the site of a working farm, "Llangenau" is named in early sources amongst the most important ecclesiastical foundations in pre-Norman Wales, as one of the "Seven Bishop Houses of Dyfed".  The list includes better known locations, such as St Davids and St Ishmaels.  The church at Llangenau  is long lost, however the lands became a grange of Whitland Abbey in medieval times.

Comments:
The farm stands on public footpaths PP14/46/2 & PP14/46/1


Description:
Glogue quarries were worked from the mid-19th century, producing a black slate which polished to blue.  The slate was used for many products, including flagstones, sills, troughs, cisterns and even coffins.  It is said that billiard tables were also made locally and exported to France.  By the late 19th century slate was moved from the site via the Whitland & Cardigan Railway.  John Owen, Glogue Farm was at that time the owner of the quarry and his son, another John Owen, was one of the main investors in the development of the railway.  The quarries worked into the 20th century and as many as 80 men worked here in the 1920s.  Today the quarries are still worked on a small scale by Mansel Davies & Sons. There are smaller workings to the east of these main quarries, namely at Cwm y Gigfran and Cwm Llwyd.

Comments:
Two footpaths skirt the quarries; PP14/45/1 to the north and PP14/41/1 to the east.


Description:
An impressive 19th century chapel, standing in a rural location with excellent views down the Tâf valley to the south.  Llwynyrhwrdd was first built in 1805 but the present building is mid-19th century.  It has a large burial ground of considerable genealogical interest.


Description:
A large burial ground attached to Llwyn-yr-hwrdd chapel. It has considerable genealogical interest.


Description:
Nantyweirglodd is a name associated with the medieval grange of Castell Cossan, belonging to Whitland Abbey.  It was one part of the grange, which was divided into separate units across the district.  Some local placenames reflect the association with the monks (e.g. Crug y Mynach SN221333) and Spite (from Hospitium, at SN228324).  The area of the grange is now  a working agricultural landscape.


Description:
In 1859, a Neolithic stone axe found at Bwlch Blaen Cneifa was exhibited in Cardigan Museum.  It is not known what became of the axe.  It is evidence of the presence of communities in the area during Neolithic times, when the first farmers settled the area.


Description:
Dol Llanerch is a historic home mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".  Richard Fenton notes in the early 19th century that the old mansion had vanished completely and been replaced by a new farmhouse.  It was home to the Lloyd family in the 17th century.

Comments:
A public footpath passes close to the house (PP14/54/1).


Name:
CAPEL BWLCHYGROES CALVINISTIC METHODIST CHAPEL

Description:
This chapel was first built in 1797 but the present building dates to 1883.  There is a  burial ground to the rear of the chapel.


Description:
The burial ground of Bwlchygroes Chapel is located behind the chapel


Description:
Apparently the site of a medieval chapel, little is known about Capel Mair.  It survives as a hollow, with ruined wall foundations around its sides, in a small wooded parcel.  It is shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, apparently as a standing building within an enclosure or field.


Description:
The former village primary school, which closed in 2000, is now used as a community hall.


Description:
A former corn mill which fell into dereliction during the second half of the 20th century but has been restored as a private dwelling during the early 21st century.


Description:
The site of the former Star woollen mill, which opened in the late 19th or early 20th century. It was later the site of a public house but is now a private dwelling.

Comments:
Public footpath PP14/61/1 passes to the south of the former mill site


Description:
A small Baptist chapel in Star village.  It was first built in 1879 and remains in use as a place of worship.  It has a small burial ground, which seems to have been filled many years ago.  The open air baptistery can also be seen as well as the chapel vestry.


Description:
The small burial ground, attached to Star chapel, which seems to have been filled many years ago.  A second burial ground exists 320m to the northwest along the Bwlchygroes road.


Description:
During the 19th century a tradition was recorded that many "sepulchral urns" (i.e. cremation urns) were being discovered at Pantgwyn Mawr.  It is possible that this was the site of a prehistoric or Roman cremation cemetery.

Comments:
Now private farmland and no field monument exists relating to the cremations.


Description:
The former Lancych Arms is now a private dwelling.  It was open in the late 19th and early 20th centuries but had closed before the mid-20th century.


Description:
Henfeddau takes its name from a series of parallel ridges described by Fenton in 1811 as being the possible graves of men killed in a large battle nearby.  These "old graves" were however on the Carmarthenshire side of the county boundary and no longer survive. Until the 19th century, Henfeddau was a centre of droving activity. Samuel Lewis noted in 1833 that there were 3 annual cattle markets held here (13th May, 17th September and 30th October).


Description:
An earthwork enclosure, defined by an incomplete bank, in a pasture field. It measures 25m in diameter and the banks are very denuded.  It has been described as a possible Iron Age farmstead, but could be a Bronze Age round or ring barrow or some form of enclosure.


Description:
During medieval times, this area formed the Blaenpedran grange, part of the large Castell Cossan grange, owned by Whitland Abbey.


Description:
A damaged round barrow, standing in a pasture field.  The mound measures 17m in diameter x 0.4m high.  It was robbed of stone for road building during the 1880s, at which time 3 or 4 inverted cremation urns were found.  The urns were reburied in the mound.


Description:
A small chapel was built here in 1897, which also served as a Sunday School.  It was converted into a private dwelling in the 1980s.


Description:
Visible on aerial photographs as a circular cropmark, this site is clearly a ploughed out round barrow.


Description:
A well preserved round barrow in a pasture field.  It measures c.21m in diameter and is c.1m high.

Comments:
Stands alongside a public footpath (PP14/28/2).


Description:
Cadifor Hall is said in tradition to be the site of the seat of Cadifor Fawr, Lord of Blaencych in the 11th century.  It is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Carmarthenshire".

Comments:
A public footpath (PP101/9/1) passes by the house.


Description:
Reportedly a damaged Iron Age promontory, with evidence for two ramparts.  The site is now in woodland and has no public access.


Description:
A small hollow in the rock or shallow cave, said in tradition to be the oven of the palace of Cadifor Fawr, medieval Lord of Blaen Cych.


Description:
This denuded defensive enclosure has two concentric ramparts and measures c.56m across. It is not known if it is an Iron Age fort or a medieval ringwork castle.


Description:
This small woollen factory was built in the late 19th or early 20th century.  It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
Penrallt Cych has a history dating back to at least the 17th century, being the home of one David Llewellyn until he bought Clynfyw in 1684 and moved there to live.  His descendants lived here for several generations, passing through marriage to the Davies and Williams families in the 18th century.  By the early 19th century, the Howell family lived here, but in 1815 Penrallt Cych was leased to the Reverend John Morse, who kept a school here.  It is recorded that during renovations, a number of horse skulls were found under the floors, thought to be associated with a tradition that this would prevent echoes in the rooms. Penrallt Cych is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire". It is now a self-catering holiday complex.

Comments:
A public footpath passes through the yard (PP14/14/1).


Description:
This medieval parish church was restored during the 19th century but abandoned thereafter.  It is now completely ruined and stand in its overgrown churchyard, obscured by trees.  It is thought to have early medieval origins and in first mentioned in 1130AD.  There is an monolith reported as standing to the south of the church, but it is not clear if it is an early Christian inscribed stone or merely the base of a much later sundial.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP101/20/1) passes close to the church site.


Description:
An attractive late 19th century Baptist chapel with a vestry, outdoor baptistery and large burial ground.  Bethabara was originally opened in 1826, in a smaller chapel in front of the location of the present building, which was built in 1873.  The chapel remains in use as a place of worship.


Description:
The well-preserved foundations of a building on the open common.  Long huts are common in upland areas and are usually seen as the remains of mud-walled, thatched roofed houses occupied by shepherds.  In this area there are slight remains of a number of similar or smaller structures which suggest that there may have been medieval "hafod" (summer grazing) activity here.

Comments:
C.150 west of the Foeldrygan-Carnalw Trail (Planed)


Description:
An old drystone sheep wash, including the walls of the "funnel" which guided sheep into a pool in the stream, which was created by a stone dam.  Typical of the sorts of washing pools used in the uplands right up to the early 20th century.


Description:
A Bronze Age cairn on the Preseli ridge, close to the ridge top trackway.  It is composed of a low stone mound, around two larger, upstanding stone block.  Its diameter is c.6m in diameter and up to 0.4m high.

Comments:
On line of Prehistoric Trail (Dyfed Archaeological Trust), Foeldrygarn-Carnalw  Walk (Planed), Golden Road (PCNP) and Preseli Full Ridge Cycleway (PCNP).


Description:
A Bronze Age cairn on the Preseli ridge, close to the ridge top trackway.  It is composed of a low stone mound, 8m in diameter and up to 0.4m high.


Description:
A well-preserved Bronze Age round barrow measuring 16m in diameter x 0.7m high.

Comments:
Close to the  line of Prehistoric Trail (Dyfed Archaeological Trust), Foeldrygarn-Carnalw  Walk (Planed), Golden Road (PCNP) and Preseli Full Ridge Cycleway (PCNP).  Excellent viewpoint.


Description:
A large stone cairn, measuring 28m in diameter x 3m high.  The easternmost of three large cairns that give the name to Foeldrygarn.

Comments:
On the  line of Prehistoric Trail (Dyfed Archaeological Trust), Foeldrygarn-Carnalw  Walk (Planed), Golden Road (PCNP) and Crymych: The Frenni Trails (Planed).  Excellent viewpoint.


Description:
A large stone cairn, measuring 24m in diameter x 3.5m high.  The central of three large cairns that give the name to Foeldrygarn.


Description:
A large stone cairn, measuring 24.5m in diameter x 3.2m high.  The westernmost of three large cairns that give the name to Foeldrygarn.


Description:
Foeldrygarn is a spectacular Iron Age hillfort, occupying the peak of a steep hill on the northern flanks of the Preseli mountain.  The fort was defended by two concentric stone rampart walls, which are now ruined.  Within their circuit can be seen the scoops of over 200 hut sites, which were presumably occupied when the hillfort was in use.  The site was excavated in 1899 and a range of finds noted, including Iron Age spindle whorls, pottery, glass beads and jet rings as well as animal bones. A  Roman mortarium bowl fragment was also found, and at a later date two 2nd century AD Roman coins were found during quarrying operations at the base of the hill.


Description:
Penygroes chapel was first built in 1765, but the present chapel dates to 1860.  It has a vestry and a large burial ground and remains in use as a place of worship.


Description:
Penygroes chapel has a large burial ground which is of some genealogical interest.


Description:
Bethabara chapel has a large burial ground which is of some genealogical interest.  The parents of the poet Myfyr Emlyn are buried here.


Description:
A gentry house of probable 17th century origin, possibly a house assessed as having three hearths in 1670. During the 18th century a Bowen family lived here. Plas Whitchurch is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire", in which it was recorded in 1974 as "a large gentry residence with a walled garden and nicely laid out grounds.  The Plas has been sold and is undergoing renovation in 2009.

Comments:
Public footpaths PP17/33/2, PP17/33/3 & PP17/35/1  meet on the yard here.


Description:
This former parish church has been deconsecrated and converted into a private dwelling.  It is a medieval site, the church was entirely rebuilt during the 19th century.  The graveyard is still in use however.  Part of a circular earthwork is visible to the west and north of the church and is though to possibly be evidence of an early medieval "llan", predating the Norman church.


Description:
Eglwyswen parish church has been converted into a private dwelling, but the churchyard is still owned by the Church in Wales.  A small number of graves are found in the churchyard and are of genealogical interest.


Description:
A former corn mill which was powered by water from the Afon Nyfer. It operated during the 19th century and into the 20th century.  It is now a private dwelling.

Comments:
Public footpath PP41/13/2 passes the property.


Description:
The site of a former corn mill, which was a part of the Pantyderi Estate.  The mill was disused by the 1930s. In the early 21st century the derelict building was converted into a private dwelling.  The mill house is a separate dwelling to the southwest.

Comments:
Public footpath PP17/26/1 passes the building.


Description:
A small and attractive parish church, built in the 19th century to replace an early church building.  The original church was built by George Owen of Henllys, to replace the nearby Capel Meigan. This church was closely associated with the Pantyderi estate.


Description:
Pantyderi has a history which extends back to the 13th century, when it was the home of one Madog ap Hywel in 1289.  It is said that the original mansion was nearby at a place called Hendy.  The descendants of Madog ap Hywel remained at Pantyderi until the early 18th century, when it came into the hands of the Bowens of Gwern Ffulbrook.  By the early 19th century, the Colby family lived here, the last of whom was the eccentric Thomas Colby, who died in 1912.  The mansion survives in excellent condition and some of its associated parkland and garden features are still present.  Pantyderi is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".

Comments:
Public footpaths PP41/9/2a and PP41/10/2 pass through the estate.


Description:
A working farm. Trefach is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire". It was the home of the Reverend William Williams during the 18th century, an influential Baptist who became the minister of Blaenywaun chapel, St. Dogmaels and in 1768 founded Ebeneser chapel, near Eglwyswrw, on Trefach land.  In 1775 he also founded Bethania chapel in Cardigan and another chapel in Ferwig, Ceredigion in 1797. After his death Trefach was lived by his son, who died childless in 1820 and the property went to his nephew James Bowen of Pantyderi Mansion.

Comments:
Public footpath PP41/10/5 passes through the farmyard.


Description:
A well-preserved castle mound standing in a pasture field. It probably dates to the 12th century AD.  It measures 20m in diameter and is 5.5m high and is surrounded by a ditch.  It as apparently partly excavated in 1920.  A later bank, 45m in diameter, surrounds the motte.

Comments:
Stands close to the Crymych-Frenni Fawr Walk.


Description:
A former vicarage, associated with Eglwyswen parish church. Now a private dwelling.


Description:
This circular, denuded earthwork enclosure is found in a pasture field.  It measures c.50m in diameter, but only slight traces of its banks can be seen from the air.  It may be an Iron Age defended settlement site.


Description:
A former corn mill, which worked until the early 20th century.  Now a private dwelling.

Comments:
Public footpath PP17/32/1 runs past the buildings here.


Description:
A 19th century corn mill, named as Felindre on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map.  Now a private dwelling.

Comments:
The Crymych-Frenni Walks Trails pass this property.


Description:
A Bronze Age stone axe-hammer and bronze axe-head were found in this area in the early 20th century.  The bronze axe is kept at the National Museum of Wales.  The stone axe has been lost.


Description:
The earthwork outline of a long hut measuring 10m long x 3.5m wide.

Comments:
Close to the Preseli Hill/Foeldrygarn/Carn Menyn Walk (Planed)


Description:
The site of an important Bronze Age round barrow, which was excavated in 1958 and 1959 when 4 Bronze Age cremation urns were discovered, three of which are now kept at Tenby Museum.  The barrow mound has been removed as a result of the excavation, but the importance of the site remains undiminished.

Comments:
Close to the  line of Prehistoric Trail (Dyfed Archaeological Trust), Foeldrygarn-Carnalw  Walk (Planed), Golden Road (PCNP), Preseli Full Ridge Cycleway (PCNP) and Frenni Walks - Preseli Hills/Foeldrygarn/Carnmenyn Walk


Description:
A Bronze Age cremation burial was found near Iet Wen in the late 19th century.  The cremated bone had been interred in a funerary urn.  The Tre Hywel ogham stone which now stands in the graveyard of Glandwr Chapel is said to have originally stood at the site where the cremation burial was found.


Description:
An oval enclosure can be seen here on aerial photographs, divided by the main A478 road.  Although the banks are very denuded, they survive to over 0.5m high to the western side of the monument.  It may be a Neolithic henge monument, or a later Iron Age defended enclosure.


Description:
A Bronze Age cairn was destroyed when the television mast was erected here.  A well made, polished stone axe, made of grey-green dolerite, was found in rubble taken from the cairn for road building in 1927. The axe is in the National Museum of Wales.


Description:
During the 19th century, a small scale effort was made to mine lead ore in this area, apparently inspired by the success of nearby Llanfyrnach mine.


Description:
During the 19th century, a small scale effort was made to mine lead ore in this area, apparently inspired by the success of nearby Llanfyrnach mine.  Two adits and a shaft were dug as a trial worked in 1864 and 1874.


Description:
During the 19th century a dug out canoe of presumed prehistoric date was found by peat cutters on Morfa farm. It is likely that the peat had formed in an area which had been a lake in prehistoric times.


Description:
The former railway station building on the Whitland & Cardigan Railway still stands, but is now a private dwelling.  Some of the other station buildings survive, as does part of the former track bed.


Description:
Seion was built at the start of the 20th century and remains in use.


Description:
A denuded Iron Age enclosure in a cultivated field.  A second enclosure is recorded in the field immediately to the north.


Description:
The denuded earthworks of a rectangular enclosure can been seen in the cultivated field here from the air.  Its significance is unknown, but it may be an Iron Age defended enclosure.


Name:
CAPEL GLANRHYD CALVANISTIC METHODIST CHAPEL

Description:
This chapel was first built in 1807 and rebuilt in 1870.  The vestry was added in 1934. It is still in use as a place of worship.


Description:
The graveyard attached to Glanrhyd chapel is mostly located to the rear of the building and not visible from the road.  It has genealogical interest.


Description:
This is the site of a medieval parish church, which was completely rebuilt during the 19th century, just to the south of the location of the original building. A 14th century inscribed stone bearing a cross and fleur-de-lys pattern is kept in the church.


Description:
The churchyard attached to St Illtyd's Church is of genealogical and social historic interest.


Description:
Castell yr Allt is thought to be an Iron Age hillfort, which has been reused as a motte and bailey castle in medieval times.  The castle motte is a large earth mound, 20m in diameter and 2.5m high, standing within the ramparts of the enclosure.

Comments:
Adjacent to Llantood Farm Cottages.  A public footpath (PP53/8/1) passes in the valley to the south, but the castle is probably obscured by trees from that side.


Description:
Rhydgarnwen is a Gothic-style villa or country house, built c.1890 close to the location of an earlier farmstead.  The original house was home to Morgan family during the 17th and 18th centuries.  It is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".


Description:
Tredefaid is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".  Its history is recorded back to the 17th century, when it was the home of the Parry family for several generations.  The father of Sir Watkin Lewes, a Lord Mayor of London, lived here in the late 18th century.  A datestone on the house records the year 1698.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP53/4/3) passes through the yard of Tredefaid.


Description:
The site of Felin Ganol Isaf is now overgrown in woodland.  The dwelling is shown on early 20th maps.  It may be the site of a mill.

Comments:
A public footpath passes through Felin Ganol Isaf (PP53/9/5).  It is unclear if this property is still in use.


Description:
An Iron Age hillfort, triangular in shape, with a single rampart on its northern side, the southern sides being protected by the steep slopes of a natural promontory.

Comments:
Public footpaths (PP53/9/6 & PP53/6/1) pass to the south and west of the fort but at the base of a wooded slope so will not afford a view.


Description:
Tygwyn is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire". It was home to a Bowen family during the 18th and 19th century and was described as being set in a park-like landscape with any ornamental trees around the house.  It is now a working farm.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP6/19/3) runs west of the house, and another (PP6/16/2).


Description:
A small defended enclosure, in a pasture field but partially overgrown with trees and vegetation.  It is probably an Iron Age site, but this is not certain.

Comments:
On private farmland with no convenient public access nearby.


Description:
It is known that in medieval times there was a holy well and chapel dedicated to St Meigan in this area, but in 1592 both were destroyed by Protestant landowners due to the persistence of Catholic traditions in association with the place.  It is thought likely that Pistyll Meigan is close to the site of the well and chapel, and that  cluster of Meigan placenames in the vicinity is evidence of the importance of the traditions surrounding St Meigan in the area.


Description:
There is a record of a small copper and gold mine operating near Tygwyn during the 1860s.


Description:
This stone stands in the parish churchyard. It has an ogham inscription dating to the 5th century AD, with an incised cross added later, probably in the 9th century. The ogham reads Nettasagru maqi Mucoi Breci (Nattasagrus son of the descendant of Brecos).


Description:
Bridell parish church is dedicated to St David and is thought to have origins in the early medieval period.  During the 19th century, early cist-graves were found in a field to the west of the present churchyard, suggesting that the "llan" or burial ground was much bigger at one time.  Cist-graves are usually early medieval or medieval in date. The medieval church was largely removed during the 19th century, when the present church was built on the same site.


Description:
This former mansion  is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".  It dates to the 1870s, having been built by James W. Bowen QC.  It replaced an earlier farm.  Bowen's estate comprised c.1400 acres of land.  Bridell was later the home of Walter Francis Roch, MP for Pembrokeshire from 1908 to 1918.  During the later 20th century it became a Carmelite Convent, which closed in 1875, and is now a Nursing Home.

Comments:
Public footpaths (PP6/2/1 & PP6/3/1) pass to the west of the mansion.


Description:
This defended enclosure measures c.115m x 50m and has been created by raising a defensive bank along the northeastern side of a natural promontory, the steep sides of which offer protection around the other sides.  The site is partially wooded .

Comments:
No public access.  A public footpath (PP53/12/3) runs to the north of the site, but is the other side of Gaer Wood, which takes its name from the fort.


Description:
The site of a 19th century woollen factory, now ruined and hidden in a parcel of woodland.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP53/12/3) runs to the north of the site, on the opposite side of the Piliau stream.


Description:
Penybryn chapel was originally built in 1818 and rebuilt in 1869. It has a large, well-maintained burial ground and a vestry.


Description:
The burial ground attached to Penybryn chapel is of genealogical interest.


Description:
A former corn mill which worked during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Now seemingly part of a working farm complex.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP53/12/4) follows the line of the mill leat that carried water to the mill wheel when it was working.


Description:
The present house at Fforest was built before the mid-19th century, parts of the original house then surviving within the outbuildings on the farm.  During the early 16th century it was home to the Revell family, Haverfordwest mercers.  In the mid-16th century the eminent physician Dr Thomas Phaer married into the family and came to live here.  He served as the MP for Cardigan Borough during the 1550s.During the 19th century the property belonged to the Lloyd family of Coedmor, who owned it will into the 20th century.  Fforest is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".

Comments:
Public footpath PP12/2/1 passes to the west of Fforest and PP12/3/2 to the east.  Fforest Camp is based here.


Description:
This farmstead is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".  The earliest reference to Fynnon Coronau (which was also known by its English name "Crownes Well") dates to 1642.

Comments:
Public footpath PP6/3/1 runs close to the house.


Description:
Ffynnon Llawddog is recorded as a medieval holy well associated with St Llawddog.  Its precise location is not known, but a series of natural springs to the east of Ffynnon Llawddog house may be associated with the holy well.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP6/15/1) passes close to the site.


Description:
This modest property is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire". Its history dates back to at least the beginning of the 18th century, when a branch of the Wogan family of Wiston lived here.

Comments:
A public footpath PP12/21/2 passes through the property.


Description:
Tyrhos chapel was first built c.1810 and rebuilt in 1859. It remains in use as a place of worship.


Description:
A large burial ground attached to Tyrhos Chapel.  It is well maintained, and many of the gravestones have recently been moved to create straight lines and make maintenance easier.


Description:
The small churchyard at Bridell is of genealogical interest.


Description:
A Gothic style, two-story lodge at the entrance to Glandovan Mansion.  The lodge and the nearby gate piers are listed buildings.


Description:
Glandovan was home to the Vaughan family in the late 16th century.  William Fychan (Vaughan) was a supporter of Henry VII and Constable of Cilgerran Castle in the late 15th century. The important poet Tudur Aled wrote an ode in his honour.  His descendant Richard Vaughan built Glandovan during the mid or late 16th century.  Later the property came into the ownership of the Stedman family of Strata Florida and then, through marriage, the Gower family.  The present house is thought to date to the period c.1660.  The house and its outbuildings are listed buildings.


Description:
An area quarry working close to Cilgerran Castle, including Dolbadau and Pwdwr quarries to the east.  They represent part of the extensive quarrying complex around Cilgerran, which was at its peak in the late 19th century, when local quarries produced flagstones, building stone and a wide variety of carved slate mouldings.  Quarrying ended locally in the 1930s.

Comments:
Public footpath PP12/10/1 runs alongside the eastern side of the quarries.


Description:
There are several disused quarries close to Fforest, collectively known as the Fforest quarries (Carnarvon, Ffynnon, Tommy, Bach, Gigfran and Forever).  Quarrying began here in 1766 and continued into the 20th century.

Comments:
Public footpath PP12/3/1 runs alongside the northern side of the quarries.


Description:
The detached burial ground of Babell Methodist Chapel, which is located in Cilgerran village. It is of genealogical and historical interest.

Comments:
Public footpath PP12/3/1 runs alongside the eastern side of the quarries.


Description:
The former rectory associated with St Llawddog's parish church, Cilgerran. Now a private dwelling.


Description:
This Baptist chapel dates to 1820 originally, but was rebuilt in 1861-82.  Its vestry was added in 1908-09.  The chapel,  vestry and forecourt railings are listed structures. It appears to have closed as a place of worship.


Name:
CAPEL BABELL CALVINISTIC METHODIST CHAPEL

Description:
Babell chapel was founded in 1795, although the building was later modified, most recently in 1891.  The burial ground for this chapel is situated outside the village in a detached plot (see CR324).


Description:
St Llawddog's church has medieval origins, although much of the church fabric was replaced during rebuilding during the 19th century.  The impressive west tower is medieval however.  It has large and well maintained churchyard.

Comments:
The 19th century church renovation plans are online at www.churchplansonline.org


Description:
A well preserved early Christian inscribed stone, which bears a Latin and ogham inscription and a later incised cross. It probably dates to the 6th century AD.  The inscription is Trenagus Fili  Macutreni Hic Iacit  (Here Lies Trangus son of Macutreni).  It stands in large churchyard surrounding St Llawddog's parish church.


Name:
ST LLAWDDOG'S PARISH CHURCHYARD, CILGERRAN

Description:
A large churchyard surrounding St Llawddog's parish church.  It has considerable genealogical and historical interest, including the early medieval Trenagussus Stone, see number 329.


Description:
An impressive 13th century Norman castle, overlooking the Teifi gorge.  A considerable part of the castle survives, focused on the inner ward and including two circular towers and a 13th century gatehouse.  Cilgerran castle was in a poor condition by 1325, but later in the 14th century some repairs had been made and the castle survived into the 15th century.  It was possibly captured by Owain Glyndwr's forces in 1405, but was damaged and was no longer of military significance.  It seems that the Vaughan family lived in the castle in the later 15th century, before moving to Glandovan in the 16th century.


Description:
In the late 19th century, a ferry crossed the Teifi at this point, between Cnwcau on the Cilgerran side of the river and Plas y Meudwy on the Cardigan side.

Comments:
Public footpath PP12/10/1 passes this point on the riverside.


Description:
The lodge house stands at the driveway entrance to Rhosygilwen mansion. It is now a private dwelling. The adjacent gate piers and gates are listed structures.


Description:
Rhosygilwen has a recorded history extending back to at least the late 17th century. The Hearth Tax of 1670 assessed the house as having three hearths, occupied by Howel ap Jenkin Lloyd.  His granddaughter married into the Colby family, who lived here for over a century.  Through marriage, Rhosygilwen came into possession of John Humphreys, who built a new mansion in 1832.  This mansion survived until it was largely destroyed by fire in 1985.  It has now been restored as country hotel and arts venue.  The home farm, walled garden, glasshouse and coach house all survive in good condition making this an important cluster of historic buildings and features.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP12/29/2) passes west and south of the heart of the estate.  It is also possible to attend functions at Rhosygilwen and stay at the house.


Description:
Penalltrheiny is known to have been the home of the Garnons family in the mid-16th century.  In the early 18th century, through marriage, it came to the Phillips family and stayed in their hands until the late 19th century.  The house was enlarged and improved during the 19th century and when sold in 1917 was described as a "gentleman's residence" of 84 acres.  A detailed sales catalogue of that sale survives.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP12/14/1) passes just south of the house.


Description:
The site of the railway station built here for the Whitland & Cardigan Railway.  IT no longer survives, although the line of the track bed is visible.


Description:
Cefn Quarries worked during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Part of the site has more recently been worked for roadstone.  The Plain Quarry was worked at the western end of this area, possibly into the mid-20th century.

Comments:
Public footpath PP/12/10/2 runs along the northern side of the quarried area.


Description:
Garnons Mill takes its name from the Garnons family of Penralltrheiny, who were influential in the area during the 16th and 17th century.  It was a working corn mill up until the late 19th century but is now a private dwelling.


Description:
This splendid mansion, now a country hotel, was built at the end of the 18th century by Sir Benjamin Hammett, owner of the Penygored Ironworks, which stood nearby. In 1806, Hammett's son sold the property to Abel Anthony Gower of Glandovan, and Castell Malgwyn became the home of the Gower family until the mid-20th century. An attractive stable courtyard block lies a short distance to the north of the house.  Many of the park, garden and ornamental features also survive.  The house is not a hotel and the stable block has been tastefully converted into a holiday accommodation complex.  Castell Malgwyn is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".

Comments:
The hotel has a public bar/restaurant and is used for various functions. The separate Stable Block is Grade 2 Listed Building 14508. Two bridges across the former canal between the mansion and the stables are also listed (LB Nos. 14510 & 14511).  The courtyard and gate piers in front of the stables are listed (LB No. 14509).  A public footpath (PP60/1/1)  runs along the bank of the Teifi north and west of the Castell Malgwyn, giving good views.


Description:
This was the home of Thomas Jones and his wife Elizabeth in the late 17th century. She was a member of the Lloyd family, descendants of Gwynfardd Dyfed. Blaen Mwrw farm is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".  The present farmhouse was built in the mid-19th century to replace the original house, which stood 300m to the north.


Description:
The area to the north of Boncath was once known as Gwestfa Cilast (a gwestfa is a medieval term describing lands owned by freemen who paid dues to a king). Cilast Uchaf was one of four farms in this area.  The original settlement is shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, but the site was abandoned and a new farm of the same name built c.500m to the east.  In medieval times, descendants of Gwynfardd Dyfed lived here. It  is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".

Comments:
A public footpath (PP60/25/1) passes the site of the former house of Cilast Uchaf.


Description:
Cilfowyr has medieval origins.  It is located near to the site of the medieval Capel Cilfowyr (not to be confused with the later Baptist chapel which also stands nearby). Various families occupied Cilfowyr through the 16th and 17th centuries, by when it was owned by neighbouring Castell Malgwyn. In 1666, Lettice Mortimer of Castell Malgwyn inherited the property and, with her husband Edward James, was a Baptist and a member of Rhydwilym Baptist chapel.  Cilfowyr was later occupied by the Morgan family, but in 1807 was bought by the elder Morgan Jones of Cilwendeg and thereafter became a tenant farm. Cilfowyr is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".


Description:
Cilrhiwie Fach is known to have been occupied as early as the first half of the 16th century, and can claim descendants of Cadifor Fawr of Blaencych and also the Bowens of Pentre Ifan amongst its early occupants. Cilrhiwie Fach is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".


Description:
Clynfyw is a mansion with a long history, extending back to medieval times.  Descendants of Jenkin Lloyd, Bribwll, Clydau lived here from the late 15th century until the last member of the family to own Clynfyw, David Lloyd of Clements Inn, London sold the property in 1684.  The new owner was David Llewelyn of Penralltcych, who's family demolished the old mansion here in 1712 and built a new house. Owen Davies of Clynfyw became the Receiver General of Westminster Abbey in 1729, and he lived in London until his death in 1759.  Along with his wife and children, he is buried at Westminster Abbey.  He was the last of his family to own Clynfyw, for he sold the estate in 1753 to a successful businessman named Thomas Lewis, who was associated with Blackpool Forge, Canaston Bridge and the Coedmore Forge, Llechryd.  Lewis set up an iron forge at Abercych Mill in 1749.  Lewis's descendants, the Lewis-Bowen family, have remained at Clynfyw to the present day.  They built a new three-storey mansion 100 metres from the 18th century house, which still stands today as an outbuilding. The mansion and its outbuildings are now the focus of a holiday complex. Clynfyw is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".

Comments:
No public footpath access to the mansion and associated buildings.  Some interpretation and woodland walks have been put in place at the eastern side of the property, along the Cych valley, but out of view of the house or gardens.


Description:
Originally known as Ffynonau Bychan, this country residence has been occupied since the early 16th century, when one Griffith ab Evan, a descendant of Cadifor Fawr of Blaencych, lived here.  The male line of the family ended with Morris Morris, High Sheriff in 1710. I his will of 1730 he left the property to his sister, Margaret Morgan, and Ffynnone passed through her family until her grandson sold it to Captain Stephen Colby R.N in 1752.  His cousin John Colby inherited the property in 1779 and he employed the celebrated architect John Nash to build a new mansion here.  By 1799 the new house had been built, a short distance from the original mansion. Colby also planted thousands of trees to improve the beauty of his estate. In 1904-1908 another architect, Inigo Thomas, remodelled the house, removing many of Nash's features.  The Colby male line ended with John Vaughan Colby in 1919 and his daughter sold Ffynnone in 1927, to Daniel Daniel, who was county High Sheriff in 1939. In 1988, Earl Lloyd George bought Ffynnone and it is his main residence in Wales. Ffynnone is described in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".

Comments:
The gardens of Ffynone are open annually under the National Gardens Scheme.


Description:
Parc Cynaethwy was occupied as early as the 15th century and during the 16th century was the home of a branch of the residents of nearby Cilfowyr. In the late 16th century, it became the home of Thomas Philipps, grandson of Sir Thomas Philipps of Picton Castle, who claimed descent from Cadifor Fawr of Blaencych. Little is known of the property in later times and it is now a working farm.  Parc Cynaethwy is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".


Description:
Penalltllyn, now known as Penralltllyn, is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".  A branch of the Lloyd family of Dolau Llanerch, Clydau lived her from Elizabethan times until 1685, when they sold the property.  Since then it has been a working farm.


Description:
Pentre was known as Pentre Ifan during the 16th and 17th centuries. It was home to the Parry family from the early 17th century, but by the end of that century their fortunes had declined and Pentre was occupied by the Saunders family.  A daughter of the family married Dr David Davies MD, of Carmarthen, who took on the surname Saunders-Davies. He built a new mansion of the site of the original house c.1815. In 1879 the house was enlarged and a third storey added. The property remained in his family for 5 generations, until Pentre was sold in the mid-20th century.  It then became a girls' private school for some years, but was later bought by a businessman. In 2009 the house is for sale.  Pentre is described in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire".

Comments:
A public footpath (PP60/11/2) runs south of the mansion.


Description:
Vaynor, originally Faenor, is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Homes of Pembrokeshire". The property can trace its history back to the 18th century, when it Vaynor Vawr (Faenor Fawr) was occupied by the Lloyds of Bronwydd.  The name Faenor Fawr might suggest that this property has medieval origins.  It is now a working farm.


Description:
Castell Malgwyn house sits in a picturesque landscape, largely designed between 1795-1811, when the Hammett family lived here. The prominent landscaper Charles Price of Llechryd was responsible for this work.  The Gower family made additions during the 19th century and the present garden retains the charm and beauty intended by its owners.  Surviving elements include a terrace in front of the main house and pleasant walks along the wooded Morgenau and Teifi valleys, with an artificial cascade on the Morgenau cascade.  The parkland lay to the east, between the mansion and the Llechryd road.  These are now pasture fields.  The Castell Malgwyn home farm lays beyond the Llechryd road, over 1km away, where the kitchen garden and more ornamental grounds were found, elements of which still survive.

Comments:
Register of Historic Parks & Gardens No. PGW (Dy) 32(Pem)


Description:
This medieval church was extensively restored in 1869. It has been converted into a dwelling, but is still an historic landscape feature.  The former rectory is now a private dwelling circa 250m to the east.

Comments:
Reported by Cadw as having an overgrown churchyard.  In 2005 a planning application for conversion to a dwelling was apparently being considered and it seems that conversion was ongoing by 2009.


Description:
This small rural hamlet has origins as a small medieval village.  It remains at the heart of a small parish with a low population.


Description:
The Lawrenny Estate had a corn mill here as early as 1631. The mill building was noted has having its machinery in place in the 1990s but its current condition is not known.  Water was brought to the wheel via a leat which runs to the northeast to a weir on the Cresswell River.  The former mill house still stands adjacent, forming an attractive group of buildings with the old mill.

Comments:
The mill building and mill house are now holiday cottages.


Description:
This is the western gateway to the heart of the Cresselly House estate.  The gate piers and iron gateway and railing were put in place circa 1900.  They stand opposite the West Lodge (also know as the New Lodge) which was built at the same time.

Comments:
Historic Parks & Gardens Register PGW (Dy) 31 (PEM)


Description:
Cresselly House is a fine Georgian mansion,  built by John Bartlett Allen circa 1770, replacing an earlier mansion owned by his ancestors.  He was a wealthy man and owned many local coal mines. His descendants still live here and the house, its gardens and parkland still retain much of their original character.  The house was extended with the addition of wings during the 1860s, at which time improvements and changes were also made to the surrounding park land.  Further changes to the estate came circa 1900.

Comments:
Cresselly House and its parkland are well described in Cadw's Listed Building database and also the Historic Parks and Gardens Register for Wales.  The house and gardens are periodically open to the public, by appointment. Historic Parks & Gardens Register PGW (Dy) 31 (PEM)


Description:
This gateway was the direct entrance to Cresselly House from the main road.  The gate piers and iron gateway and railing were put in place during the 1860s.


Description:
The parkland around Cresselly House was created when the present  mansion was built in the late18th century.  Early surviving features include a walled kitchen garden dating to the 1840s.  Remodelling occurred during the late 1860s and towards the end of the 19th century.

Comments:
Cresselly House and its parkland are well described in Cadw's Listed Building database and also the Historic Parks and Gardens Register for Wales. Historic Parks & Gardens Register PGW (Dy) 31 (PEM)


Description:
These iron gates and stone gate piers stand at the northern entrance to the parkland of Cresselly House.  They date to the 1860s and stand adjacent to the North Lodge, and L-shaped lodge of the same period.


Description:
These timber gates and stone gate piers stand on the opposite side of the A4075 to the gates at the northern entrance to the parkland of Cresselly House.  They date to the 1860s and stand on the former driveway which approached the estate parkland from the East Gate lodge, which is further to the east.  Thought to be late 19th century..


Description:
This ploughed out, circular enclosure is located in a field to the southwest of Harrolds farm.  It is only visible a cropmark  from the air.  It measures c.60m in diameter.


Description:
A fine set of stone gate piers and timber gates at the eastern end of the east driveway to Cresselly House, at Lanesend. They date to the late 19th century.


Description:
This small Methodist chapel was built in 1898 to replace an earlier chapel which was located further to the west, in Cresselly village.  The chapel was closed circa 1988 and by the early 21st century had been converted into a private dwelling.  The associated burial ground has been retained however.


Description:
A small burial ground attached to the former Methodist chapel at Cresselly.  Although the chapel is now a private dwelling, the burial ground has been maintained.


Description:
A denuded, sub-circular  earthwork site, which is best seen from the air, but is also just visible on the ground.  It measures circa 50m x 40m and the field boundary on its northern side incorporates the best surviving portion of the defensive bank and curves accordingly.  There would appear to be traces of a defensive ditch outside the line of the bank.


Description:
This field is named Gallows Tree Park on the Jeffreyston parish tithe map.  The name suggests that a gallows was once positioned here.


Description:
This chapel was founded in 1867, and  the congregation originally worshipped in a cottage or building which stood on the site of the present vestry.  The present chapel was built in 1907.


Description:
The burial ground attached to Bethel chapel.


Description:
A cast iron milepost, erected by the Tavernspite Turnpike Trust prior to 1844.  It was made by the Marychurch iron foundry.


Description:
This scheduled burnt mound is rare evidence of Bronze Age activity in the district.  The site is in a wooded dingle and is one of a pair, with a second, less well-preserved burnt mound recorded a short distance to the east.


Description:
A square, earthwork enclosure, visible on aerial photographs, measuring circa 14m square.  In stands in an area of unimproved ground and there appear to be further earthworks in the vicinity.  The purpose of this site is unknown, but it could be of archaeological significance.


Description:
The site of a Bronze Age standing stone, destroyed before 1925.  The record of this site is however important as it is evidence of Bronze Age activity in the area.


Description:
An attractive stone church, with a tall, medieval tower.  St Leonards is thought to have been built sometime after the late 13th century but was the parish church for Loveston by the 16th century.  The tower probably dates to the 14th or early 15th century, but the nave may be earlier.  Unlike most parish churches, it was not restored during the 19th century, so retains the atmosphere of an 18th century  church.


Description:
The churchyard attached to St Leonard's church, Loveston.


Description:
This corn mill has medieval origins as the mill for Loveston Manor.  It  was in use until the early 20th century.  Originally it drew water from Loveston Lake stream, to the northeast and had a large millpond alongside the mill building.  Water then flowed back to Loveston Lake, further downstream.  It is now a private dwelling.

Comments:
A public footpath (SP21/4/1) passes through the yard of the property.


Description:
Underhill Wood lies close to the northern side of Jeffreyston village.  The wood is packed with evidence for early coal mining, probably dating back to the 16th century which is preserved as a Scheduled Ancient monument.

Comments:
A public footpath (SP15/1/1) runs to the west of the wood, but appears to originally passed through it.  It may well have been rerouted around the wood by PCC in response to management issues relating to the mining evidence.


Description:
This chapel was founded before the 1820s.  It had reportedly been converted into a private dwelling before 1993.


Name:
ST JEFFREY AND ST OSWALD'S PARISH CHURCH, JEFFREYSTON

Description:
This church stands in a sub-circular churchyard and may have early medieval origins.  This is supported by the presence of an 8th or 9th century stone, inscribed with a ring-cross, which is kept in the church porch.  The present  building was largely built during the 19th century, when church was extensively remodelled, due to the poor condition of the earlier church.  The tower is the most obvious part of the medieval church which now survives.


Description:
This well-preserved medieval preaching cross stands outside the parish church.  Sometime during the 19th century it seems to have been broken and, when restored, a section measuring circa 1m was lost.  It now stands approximately 2.1m high, on a stepped, stone plinth.


Name:
ST JEFFREY AND ST OSWALD'S PARISH CHURCHYARD, JEFFREYSTON

Description:
Jeffreyston parish church stands in a large churchyard which was sub-circular in shape until the 19th century, when additions were made to is northern and eastern sides.  It is thought that this sub-circular churchyard was based on a pre-Norman "llan" dating back to early medieval times.


Description:
Jeffreyston village has medieval origins, but its present form is largely the result of the localised population increase of the 18th and early 19th centuries, associated with the development of local collieries.  In its heyday the village had a church, Methodist chapel, post office, police station and two pubs.  During the late 20th century, further building has extended the size of the village, but it is still very much clustered around the parish church and old village core.


Description:
A large, stone built gentry house at the heart of Jeffreyston village.  It may have 16th century origins.


Description:
Some earthwork evidence still exists in the fields around Little and Lower Masterlands for former coal workings.  There is documentation showing that coal mining was begun as early as 1632 here, and leases at the Pembrokeshire Record Office dating to 1791 and 1806 pertain to Masterlands Colliery.  The colliery appears to have been inactive by the time of the Ordnance Survey 1:2500 scale map published in 1865.

Comments:
There are no public footpaths in the vicinity of this site.


Description:
The site of Greenhill Colliery lies in a pasture field at the northwestern side of Broadmoor village.


Description:
The site of a small coal mine known as Jeffreyston Colliery, shown on the Ordnance Survey 1:10560 map of 1908 at the roadside between Jeffreyston and Broadmoor villages.


Description:
Broadmoor village has developed during the past 200 years, originally as a mining village which grew with the development of the local coal industry. It has developed alongside a turnpike road, which would have made access much easier from the late 18th century onwards. There have been four collieries associated with Broadmoor during the 19th and 20th centuries; Wilson & Smith's Colliery in the first half of the 19th century, Greenhill Colliery (1852-1881) and Cross Park and Gunter's collieries, which worked after the First World War.  During the 20th century its development has been associated with the expansion of tourism and leisure in the area and it has several large holiday parks around its edges.


Description:
This short lived colliery operated during 1926 and employed only a handful of men.  It was initially opened by the Williams family, who owned the land, and was actually a reworking of an early mine.  It was soon financed by James Williams brewery company from Narberth. The workings were flooded by water rushing in from old workings and production ceased.

Comments:
The precise location of this mine has not been established.  A good description of the 1926 activity is provided in Connop-Price's "Pembrokeshire: The Forgotten Coalfield", p.114-115.


Description:
This pit worked during the mid-19th century and was managed by Messrs Wilson & Co. In 1841, it was visited by the commissioner investigating the use of children in mining operations and at that time it was recorded that 38 men worked here, 11 under 18s and 6 under 13s.  44 women were also being employed, and three teenage girls.

Comments:
The precise location of this mine has not been established.


Description:
This church, dedicated to St Elidyr, is thought to have been a dependant chapelry of Begelly in medieval times, but became an independent parish church in its own right during the post medieval period.  Descriptions of the church from the 18th and 19th centuries show that it was a simple structure, with no tower and in a poor condition.  The building was partly rebuilt in the late 19th century, although it seems that much of the medieval fabric survives.  A small bell-tower was added to its western end during the 18th or first half of the 19th century.


Description:
A small churchyard associated with St Elidyr's church, East Williamston.


Description:
A small cemetery in East Williamston village.


Description:
In medieval times, this settlement was known as Williamston Elnard (or Eluard) and was a chapelry or hamlet of Begelly parish.  The village has a history extending back over at least  700 years.  It was surrounded by an arable open field system in the medieval period, divided into strips farmed by the inhabitants of the village.  Elements of these strips are fossilised in the field pattern around the village today.  In post medieval times, the village and parish was also associated with coal mining and several coal workings existed close to the village at one time.  East Williamston still has a village green and a village hall was built in 1953.  The medieval church still stands in the heart of the community.


Description:
A small settlement, which had an inn called "New Inn" in the early 19th century.  The origin of the name is unknown.


Description:
A small Baptist chapel.  The cause began in the mid-19th century when the congregation met in local cottages.  It was decided in 1859 to found the chapel, which was built in 1861.  It remains in use.


Description:
The burial ground attached to Ebenezer chapel.


Description:
The site of the 19th century Moreton Colliery is now represented by some surviving spoil tips in a wooded parcel in an area of pasture fields. This colliery was served by a branch line from the Pembroke & Tenby Railway.  It closed in 1887.


Name:
MORETON ENGLISH WESLEYAN METHODIST CHAPEL

Description:
A Wesleyan Methodist chapel which was built in 1850-55.  Its present status is unknown.


Description:
A large area of medieval strip fields  which has become fossilised in the post medieval field system pattern. It is shown on late 18th estate maps.

Comments:
The estate map is of "Vatson, Wooden and Kilehill" dated 1787.


Description:
A Bronze Age standing stone on Evening Star Farm was reported as having been broken up and used for building stone at Stone Cross Farm in 1888.


Description:
The denuded earthworks of an enclosure measuring circa 30m east-west by 25m are visible at this site.  A field boundary bank runs over the eastern end of the earthworks.  The enclosure is defined by low earth banks, with traces of an outer ditch on the northern side, which has given rise to speculation that it is a medieval moated homestead site.  This is unproven however.


Description:
Although early 20th century maps show that there were some coal workings to the south west of Reynalton church, the history of Reynalton Colliery is associated with the First World War period.  The New Reynalton Anthracite Coal Co. was founded in 1913 and opened a slant and shaft to the west of the village.  The mine was linked to the Saundersfoot Railway by a new extension built from Thomas Chapel by 1915. The colliery ceased production in 1917, and reopened from 1919-1921, when it was finally abandoned.


Description:
An extension to the Saundersfoot Railway network was opened in 1915, to serve the recently opened Reynalton Colliery.  This extension linked Reynalton to New Hayes, Thomas Chapel.  It was closed and taken up when Reynalton Colliery closed in 1921.  Today little survives of the extension, although a 175m section of the track bed can still be seen in a field to the southwest of Reynalton village.

Comments:
Public footpath SP36/2/1 crosses the best preserved section of the railway track bed.


Description:
A small colliery which worked during the 1930s, where a serious accident occurred in 1936, when water from old workings flooded the colliery and killed seven colliers (460). The mine closed shortly after this disaster.


Description:
A cross-incised stone, believed to be Early Medieval in date, is fixed to the east wall of the porch of Jeffreyston Church.  It was formerly in use as part of the threshold where it was discovered in 1915.  The stone measures 1.2m by 0.25m and has a four-armed cross within a circle incised on it.

Comments:
Fixed to the E wall of the porch is a C8 or C9 incised stone, 1 m in length by 25 cm wide, with a four-arm cross within a circle, the downward arm slightly extended. This was found in the porch floor in 1915.


Description:
An attractive stone bridge, built in 1805 by John Evans, a mason from Cosheston to cross two small tributaries of the Cresswell estuary.  The bridge is circa 100m long.  It cost £190 to built and maintain for seven years.


Description:
The large, modern Langdon Mill Farm stands on the site of an earlier corn mill.  This mill was certainly in use during the last quarter of the 18th century and was still operating in the late 19th century.  It was out of use by the mid-20th century.  Water was taken from a stream to the east of the mill, and brought to the water wheel via a mill race which can still be traced through the fields.


Description:
A stone, single-arched bridge, probably built in the early 19th century and similar in style to the nearby Ford Bridge, which was built in 1805.  It is a listed building, on account of it being a virtually unchanged 19th century structure.


Description:
The origins of the village of Reynalton extend back into the medieval period.  It is first recorded in 1394 and appears to be named after one Reynald, who was presumably a Norman or Flemish settler in earlier centuries.  The village seems to be associated with a medieval strip field system,  fossilised in the modern field system to the west, south and east of the settlement.  In more recent times, the village was influenced by the growth of the coal mining industry, the last working colliery closing in 1921.  Some of the houses in the village were miners houses, most notably the terraced row at New Terrace.  The parish church stands at the heart of the village, and Reynalton also has a Congregational Chapel and a village hall.


Description:
This parish church is largely a 19th century building. It does however retain its medieval tower and some associated features.  It is not mentioned in the Taxatio list of 1291, so may be a later medieval foundation.


Description:
A barn on East Farm, Reynalton was used as a nonconformist meeting house from 1846 until the construction of the Congregational Chapel in the village. Afterwards, the barn was used as a British School, until a new school was provided for local children at nearby Loveston.


Description:
The former winding house for the early 20th century Reynalton colliery still stands in the village, although it appears to have been converted into a dwelling house.  It was a stone and red brick building.


Description:
Reynalton chapel was built in 1867 as a Congregational chapel, and rebuilt in 1906. By the late 20th century it had become a United Reform Church chapel.  It remains in use in 2010.


Description:
A small burial ground is attached to the 19th century United Reform Church chapel in Reynalton village, which was formerly a Congregational chapel.


Description:
This small row of terraced houses was built in 1916 to house miners working at Reynalton Colliery.


Description:
The site of the early 19th century Thomas Chapel Colliery is now overgrown and there appears to be little surface evidence of the complex.  It was working into the 1850s, it seems, and the Kilgetty Vein was mined here. This working was closed when another shaft was opened some 500m to the south at New Hayes.  The site lies alongside the "Miners' Trail" from Saundersfoot, which follows the line of a railway built by the Saundersfoot Railway & Harbour Company to serve colliery workings in the area.  On the western side of the stream valley here is an area of spoil tipping associated with the old collieries of the area.

Comments:
A public footpath passes the colliery site (SP3/8/1).  This path is followed by the Landsker Borders Trail and the Miners' Walk.  There is a good description of children working in the mines of Thomas Chapel during the mid-19th century in "The Story of Begelly" by W.R. Morgan, 1980, page 45.


Description:
The New Hayes Colliery was part of a group of mine workings around Thomas Chapel, this colliery being focused on a new shaft, opened in the mid-1850s in an area of old, abandoned workings.  Evidence suggests that the mine was circa 140m deep.  Output was good initially, but geological problems meant that the mine was closed by 1859.  The steam engine was said to have been kept in the engine house here until as late as 1900, although the mine did not work again.  No buildings survive here now, however.

Comments:
A public footpath passes the colliery site (SP3/8/1).  This path is followed by the Landsker Borders Trail and the Miners' Walk.


Description:
Hackett Colliery was part of a group of mine workings around Thomas Chapel. This colliery was focused on a new shaft, opened in the mid-1850s, in an area where there were earlier workings. It was apparently associated with the New Hayes Colliery, a short distance to the east.  The shaft was dug to circa 53m deep.  It began production in July 1855, producing 866 tons of coal in September of that year. It seems to have ceased production in June, 1856, although it is possible that coal from this mine was being brought to the surface at New Hayes after this date.


Description:
The small village of Thomas Chapel is thought to take its name from a St Thomas Chapel, a chapel-of-ease to Begelly parish, which was named by the Pembrokeshire Elizabethan antiquarian, George Owen.  The site of the chapel is long forgotten, although it is notable that Thomas Chapel Farm bears the name of the chapel, whilst Upper Broom Hill Farm, just to the east of the village, was named as Chapel Farm on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map.  Either of these farms may be the location of the lost chapel site. In the 19th century, Methodist meetings would be held at Thomas Chapel Farm, which were discontinued in the 1920s.  A small village green, with a duck pond, is found at the heart of the settlement.


Description:
The line of a relatively short tramway which connected Broom Colliery to the Saundersfoot Railway.  It was built during the 1930s, when the colliery had been reopened after a period of inactivity.  The mine closed and the tramway become defunct.  It now survives as  private trackway.


Description:
A small brick and steel-framed building, constructed during the Second World as the Command Post for a bombing decoy.


Description:
This tract of common land has been broken up by modern road developments, but still covers circa 65 hectares of land, in four parcels.  King's Moor has been open common for many centuries, used by parishioners as a source of coal and culm in the past, as well as grazing land for their stock.  The 1831 Ordnance Survey map shows a collection of buildings and a "Steam Engine" on the common, perhaps association with the early Begelly colliery.   Gypsy families often camped on the common, certainly into the mid-20th century.  During industrial disputes in both the 1850s and 1870s, colliers held mass meetings on the commons to debate their tactics and organise protests.


Description:
A turnpike road was built between Carmarthen and Hobbs Point in the mid- to late-1830s.  A tollgate and house were built close to the point where the new road cut across the line of the Saundersfoot Railway.

Comments:
This site is located alongside the Miners'  Walk.


Description:
In February 1834, a plot of land was offered for sale in "The Welshman" newspaper, which was promoted as an attractive site due to its proximity to Begelly Cross, where two main roads intersected.  The Begelly Arms was constructed on this land by 1838 and it remains open to the present day.  It has an interesting history, serving as occasional courtroom, where inquests were held into the deaths of colliers killed in local mines.  It has also been used as a meeting place by friendly societies and a range of other groups in the past.  The inn was  expanded in the 190s to include a motel, and it is currently a busy hotel.


Description:
A motte and bailey castle, which probably dated to the 12th century, was located next to St Mary's church, at the western side of the churchyard.  In 1921, the site was cleared and the castle mound seen to be up to 8 feet high (2.4m).  In 1941, the churchyard was extended to the west, and sadly the castle site was completely levelled and is no longer a visible in the landscape.  It is possible that some archaeological features survive however, as the area of the castle does not appear to have been used for burials yet.


Description:
St Mary's probably dates originally to the 13th century, and its medieval tower survives.  The walls of the main body of the church are also medieval in date.  Some fragments of 15th century stonework are displayed within the church.


Description:
This short railway siding which was operating during the 1830s, connecting the Saundersfoot Railway with a coal pit to the west of Barley Park.  The coal pit was part of the extensive workings making up Begelly colliery, owned by the Child family of Begelly House.  The siding was only about 600m in length.  It survives as a linear earthwork, best viewed from the air.


Description:
This small mansion was built during the first quarter of the 19th century for J.M. Child.  The Child family had resided here in an earlier house, from as early as 1540, and continued to live here throughout the 19th century.  The house and estate were sold off in lots in 1919.  The Child family were prominent landowners, with important connections to the local coal mining industry.  The present mansion is a three-storey house, in the Georgian style.  Francis Jones noted that some earlier architectural features appeared to survive at the rear of the house.  The house stands in a large area of landscaped gardens, with a formal walled garden to the rear, with a walled orchard and a ha-ha also present.  The landscaped garden incorporated tree stands which were actually been planted on the spoil mounds of coal pits which operated as part of the Child's Begelly Colliery during the 18th and 19th century.  It is worth noting that the mansion was used as the Selwyn House preparatory school during the mid-20th century, closing in 1969.  It is now a private residence.


Description:
Zion Chapel , according to its datestone, was built in 1828, although its adjacent Sunday School (now a private house) was founded in 1824. Attached to the Sunday School room was a small Chapel House.


Description:
A large burial ground attached to the northern side of Zion chapel, Begelly.


Description:
A large parish churchyard surrounding St Mary's church, Begelly.  It was extended in 1941 to the west, during which process the medieval motte castle of Begelly was levelled. Archaeological features relating to the castle may still survive.


Description:
Begelly is a relatively small village, which has largely appeared since the mid-19th century.  It clearly has medieval origins, with its 13th century parish church still standing at the heart of the village, and the site of a medieval castle within the churchyard. Sadly, the castle was levelled in 1941 when the churchyard was enlarged.  Another obvious historic building is Begelly House, a Georgian mansion built for the Child family c.1825, to replace their earlier family seat, which seems to have stood on or close to the same site.  The Calvinistic Methodists founded a school and chapel in the village during the 1820s, which can both still be seen.  Coal mining was an important local industry as early as the 16th century and it is probable that the pre-20th century village owed its form in part to the success of the industry in focusing settlement close to the complex of coal pits which surround the village.  The spoil tips of old mine workings can still be seen in local fields, including the landscaped gardens of Begelly House, where they have become incorporated into the design of the garden.  The building of the Saundersfoot Railway   and a new turnpike road from Carmarthen to Pembroke in the 1830s had an impact on Begelly.  Both crossed the King's Moor common to the south of the village, with the turnpike road crossing the old Narberth to Tenby road, creating a junction at Begelly Cross.  The meeting of these communication routes made Begelly a focal point for transport and trade and helped sustain the life of the village.  During the 20th century, the village has grown, with new development to the south, along the edge of King's Moor, although neighbouring Kilgetty has overtaken it in size as time has gone on.


Description:
Shipping Colliery was begun in 1859, but after some initial delays does not appear to have started producing coal until 1863. The mining engineer Joseph Cadman developed the mine. He was an employee of C.R. Vickerman of Hean Castle.  Coal from Shipping Colliery was reportedly being used for the engines on the newly opened Pembroke & Tenby Railway in 1863.  Shipping had two pits, connected by a lane known today as Pit Lane. The No. 1 or Upper pit was a shaft to the north of Broom, some 400m from the No.2 pit, which was a slant, later to be developed as Broom Colliery.  Cadman and Vickerman had an uneasy relationship and problems with the quality of the coal from Shipping led to Cadman leaving in 1881 and the mine closing.  It was not until the 1930s that the No.2 pit reopened as Broom Colliery.

Comments:
This site, the No.1 pit, now lies within the boundaries of Folly Farm.


Description:
Broom Colliery was developed at the site of the No.2 pit of the earlier Shipping Colliery.  This pit had been closed in 1875 and left derelict for over half a century.  In November 1932, a new slant was opened, with the old No.2 pit slant incorporated into the workings as an upcast.  Broom Colliery was fitted with modern mining methods, with coal cutting machines and mechanical conveyors. and began production in 1934 with about 200 men employed.  Coal was then transported by rail, along the old Saundersfoot Railway, to a new screening plant at Bonvilles Court, where 44 men worked, grading the coal. The mine produced 30,000 tons of coal during 1936 and similar amounts for 1937 and 1938.  was running into problems caused by geological problems and drainage difficulties.  Underground problems worsened by the end of 1938, however, and the mine closed in January 1939, never to reopen.  An incline was built to link Broom Colliery to the Saundersfoot Railway during the 1930s. Little now survives to show where this colliery once stood.


Description:
Begelly Colliery should not be thought of as a traditional coal mine, but rather as an area of mine workings, worked in different places at different times during the 18th and 19th centuries.  Two of the main pits were at Barley Park (SN1138407083) and the Engine Pit (SN1130207161), which began in the early 19th century.  There was also the Union Pit (SN1125507000), started in the 1820s, and the Bushmoor Pit (SN1086407092).  Mining around Begelly was largely controlled by the Child family of Begelly House, and the most obvious physical remains of the mine workings are now seen in the landscaped gardens surrounding the house, where the mounds of former spoil tips have been planted with trees to create garden features.  The first mentions of a Begelly colliery date to the 1770s and a mine worked for Lord Milford.  It seems that the Child family also had workings in the same area, and increasingly Begelly colliery became synonymous with their operations.  By the 1830s it was worked by the "Tenby & Begelly Coal Co." with a member of the Child family in a prominent role.  This company was shipping coal through Saundersfoot harbour, where it had its own wharf, the Rock Wharf, and also two small vessels, named the "Peggy" and the "Mary Anne".   By the 1840s, steam engines for water pumping and winding are known to have been operating at Begelly.  From the 1850s onwards, Begelly gradually declined. The Engine Pit may have closed as early as 1852, and by the late 19th century there seems to have been little activity.  By the 1930s, the Begelly workings had largely been cleared away.


Description:
This small Methodist chapel was built in 1837 and restored during the 1880s.  It remains in use and has a small burial ground attached.


Name:
KINGSMOOR METHODIST CHAPEL BURIAL GROUND

Description:
A small burial ground attached to Kingsmoor Chapel, which appears to have a small number of burials.


Description:
This small area of parkland, which once included a walled-pleasure garden and an adjacent deer park, was created in association with the now lost mansion of Kilgetty.  The mansion dated to the 17th century, and was built for the Cannon family.  Kilgetty passed into the ownership of the Picton Estate in the early 18th century and the mansion was eventually demolished in the mid-19th century, leaving only its outbuildings, which were incorporated into Kilgetty Farm.  When Richard Fenton came here in the first decade of the 19th century, he found that the small deer park still survived. Even though the parkland has been managed as part of the farm for a considerable length of time, it survives as an extensive open space and retains much of its character. It also retains traces of its walled garden and the remains of the summer house and belvedere tower built during the 18th century.

Comments:
A full description of the history of the site is found in Cadw's Register of Historic Parks and Gardens - PGw(DY)33(Pem).


Description:
Kilgetty House dated to the 17th century, and was built for the Cannon family.  It passed into the ownership of the Picton Estate in the early 18th century and the mansion was  demolished in the mid-19th century, leaving only its outbuildings. These have been incorporated into the working Kilgetty Farm, with the present farmhouse occupying a modified outbuilding to the southern side of the original courtyard.  Traces of the pleasure gardens, summer house and deer park created for the mansion still survive in the landscape.


Description:
Lower Level colliery has a complex history.  It is likely that coal was being mined here during the 18th century, with the first reference to small coal workings called the Landing Pit and the Engine Pit dating to 1797 and 1801 respectively. Both of these pits were a short distance to the south of Lower Level, which was itself in existence by 1822, when a 40-year lease was granted on the mine by Lord Milford.  By 1849, the Pembrokeshire Iron & Coal Co. owned Lower Level and it was supplying coal to their nearby Kilgetty Ironworks.  Lower Level was linked underground to Grove Colliery, another of their mines. When Grove became fully operational in the late 1850s, Lower Level became the downcast for the mine complex.  Grove was favoured for investment and development throughout the 1850s and 1860s.  However, Kilgetty Ironworks had ceased production in 1874 and Grove now became less important. In 1874 a new shaft was sunk in Lower Level to reach the Kilgetty vein.  At the same time, the mine was renamed "Kilgetty Colliery", the original Kilgetty Colliery at Stepaside had closed shortly beforehand and the company may have wished to retain the Kilgetty name.  In 1878, a brick-arched roadway was built underground to make Lower Level and Grove into one working colliery.  From about 1884, coal was no longer brought to the surface at Grove. Lower Level continued producing coal into the 1890s and seems to have finally ceased production in 1900. Some minor works may have been carried out there up to 1903 at the latest.  Several colliery buildings survived into the late 20th century, with the carpenter's shop being converted into private house and the blacksmith's shop into a garage.  The colliery magazine also still survives in an adjacent field.  Other fragments may survive in woodland around the aforementioned house.


Description:
Grove Colliery was developed during the 1850s and was perhaps one of the most ambitious developments in the Pembrokeshire coalfield.  It was developed by the Pembrokeshire Iron & Coal Co. as a convenient source of anthracite for use at their nearby  Kilgetty Ironworks.  The main shaft was dug to a depth of 105 fathoms to the Kilgetty vein, which proved to be a disappointment, so the shaft seems to have been dug a further 25 or more fathoms in search of better coal. The Lower Level vein was also encountered at 43 fathoms.  The colliery's owner, C.R. Vickerman claimed that Grove had the largest and deepest shaft in Pembrokeshire, if not Wales, when it was completed.  Grove Colliery was linked underground to the earlier Lower Level Colliery, another of the PC&I Co. mines. Lower Level became the downcast for the mine complex in 1858, whilst Grove was favoured for investment and development throughout the 1850s and 1860s.  However, Kilgetty Ironworks had ceased production in 1874 and Grove  became less important.  In 1874 a new shaft was sunk in Lower Level to reach the Kilgetty vein and in 1878, a brick-arched roadway was built underground to turn Lower Level and Grove into one working colliery.  From about 1884, coal was no longer brought to the surface at Grove, although it retained all its equipment, including its winding gear until 1900, when Lower Level closed and the whole operation came to an end.  Several  ruined colliery buildings still stand at the pithead, and the area is now preserved as a Scheduled Ancient Monument.  The Cornish Beam Engine House at Grove is also a Grade 2 Listed Building and the wide mine shaft is capped with a concrete slab.

Comments:
The site is served by public footpath SP42/22/1 and is open to the public. It stands within a 28 acre site owned by the Local Authority, which includes the nearby ironworks site.


Description:
The Saundersfoot was well-known as a source of iron ore by the early 19th century, when ironworks in Carmarthenshire were supplied by ore was also mined from levels or "patches" in the coastal cliffs between Amroth and Saundersfoot., and shipped across Carmarthen Bay.  Iron production was eventually moved to the local area when the Kilgetty Ironworks was developed by the Pembrokeshire Coal & Iron Co. during the late 1840s.  The Kilgetty Ironworks went into production in 1849 and received iron ore and coal from local mines, including large and well-developed collieries such as Grove and Lower Level, developed by the PC&I Co, and also smaller levels such as Wood Level in Ford Lake valley to the north.  Ore was also still being produced along the coastal "patches".  It had been proposed that four blast furnaces would be built at Stepaside, a project very much dependent on the availability of abundant sources of local iron ore as well as improvements to the Saundersfoot Railway, which was to be linked to the new South Wales Railway.  The improvements to the railways did not occur as expected, and in 1849, the ironworks opened with two blast furnaces constructed and apparently ready to be put into production. This ironworks was not greatly successful, however, with frequent interruptions due to management problems, industrial disputes and financial difficulties. Indeed, it wasn't until 1864 that the works appears to have managed its first full year of production, when nearly 3,000 tons of pig-iron was exported through Saundersfoot Harbour.  The ironworks struggled on, working intermittently, until 1872, when local industrialist and driving force behind the PC&I Co, C.R. Vickerman, drew up plans to sell the business (which included several local collieries and the Saundersfoot Railway 7 Harbour Co.).  In 1873, the Bonvilles Court Coal & Iron Co. took over these concerns, again headed by Vickerman, and it seems that one furnace was put back into production.  It seems that this furnace was extinguished in June 1874 and there is no evidence that iron was ever produced again after this date, even thought the BCC&I Co. carried on, with Vickerman at the helm.  By the late 1880s he conceded that the ironworks would not work again, and by 1889 the works had been dismantled, leaving a group of impressive stone buildings as monuments to its existence.  Today, the surviving structures are protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument, with six  individual structures also now Listed Buildings.  The following buildings are listed; 6544 Casting House; 6543 Double Engine House; 18278 Furnace Bank Revetment Wall; 18282 Tramway Incline Structure; 18277 Walls &  Kilns above furnace bank; 6545 Workshops.  The workshops were actually retained for use by local collieries until the 1930s.

Comments:
This site is publicly accessible and public footpath SP42/22/1 passes above the site to the west.


Description:
St Elidyr's church, dedicated to a Celtic saint, may well be early medieval in origin, with the present church standing on the site of a much earlier foundation.  It is thought possible that the original, pre-Norman church might have been a daughter house of the important early church at Penally.  The present building is medieval in origin and was a property of Pembroke Priory.  It was granted by the Crown to the Abbey of St Albans, but taken back by the Crown by 1594.  Attempts were made to repair and improve  the church in 1814, during the 1840s and in 1878.  It is evident that parts of the building are medieval, including the tower and the northern side, which were not replaced during improvements in the 1840s. The church has been closed due to its structure being deemed unsafe in 2007.  It stands alone, in an isolated position amongst the fields and away from metalled roads. Access is via a footpath.


Description:
A relatively large churchyard surrounds the now disused St Elidyr's parish church. Due to structural problems with the church building, access to parts of the churchyard is now restricted.


Description:
This former primary school was opened in 1877, when local industries were expected to expand and the population was growing.  It served the community until 1992, when it was replaced by a new school, bearing the Stepaside name, at nearby Kilgetty.  It was converted into the Victorian School Museum for some years, but this closed by 2007, when the buildings were converted into private dwellings.


Description:
The Prince of Wales was built alongside the turnpike road constructed through the heart of Stepaside village during the 1830s.  The road was used by mail coaches and the presence of regular refreshment stops was a characteristic of such routes.  This inn was built by the early 1840s and remained open until 1951. It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
This inn is known to have been open during the period 1822 and 1841, when it appears to have closed.  Since then it has been known as "The Square" and at one time it was the family home of the actor Kenneth Griffith.


Description:
This inn is said to have been open by the 1820s, with Stephen and Mary Griffiths as landlords.  The 1841 census records Stephen Griffiths as a Publican, but has his address as "Lower Coom Hill".  The 1851 census has them at the "Angell Inn".  By 1861, Mary Griffiths is a "Retired Innkeeper" living at the pub with its new publicans. Thomas and Ann Harries. The exact location of the pub is not known and it is not clear if "Lower Coom Hill" is the same location as the Angel Inn.


Description:
This small chapel was built in 1860, to serve what was then a busy industrial community at Stepaside.  The original chapel was parallel to the road, but in 1893 an extension was built onto its southeastern end, at right angles to the road.  The chapel has no burial ground.  It was still in use when seen in 2010.


Description:
This small, stone railway bridge was built across Ford Lake stream when the Saundersfoot Railway was extended from Wiseman's Bridge to Kilgetty Colliery, Stepaside in 1836. It is still used to carry the Miners' Trail across the stream.


Description:
Pleasant Valley is a small village which has developed between Stepaside and Wiseman's Bridge since the late 19th century.  The 1891 Ordnance Survey map shows only a cottage names Pleasant Valley alongside the Wesleyan Chapel.  By the early-20th century it had acquired a smithy, but remained a scattering of cottages until the last quarter of the century, when considerable new building took place along the valley and a distinctive village grew.


Description:
The stone abutments are reportedly now all that survive of a mineral railway bridge which carried a tramway across the Ford Lake stream.  The tramway ran via tunnels from the iron mine patches on the coast further to the east across to Pleasant Valley, where it connected with the Saundersfoot Railway.  The iron ore was taken to the nearby Kilgetty Ironworks.

Comments:
Martin Connop-Price says that there was no bridge across the stream at this point and that the tramway didn't join the Saundersfoot Railway.


Description:
This 100m long embankment carried the line of a tramway which connected the iron ore patches further along the coast to the east. It runs to the edge of Ford Lake stream and then stops, but seems to have been intended to link with the Saundersfoot Railway which runs along  the western side of the stream.


Description:
Sometime after the opening of the Kilgetty Ironworks, in 1849, tunnels were constructed for tramways which linked two of the  coastal iron mine "patches" near Wiseman's Bridge with the Saundersfoot Railway.  This made it easier to transport the iron ore to the ironworks site.  The tunnel from the Bridge "patch" ran for approximately 350m from iron workings on the coast, emerging out of the eastern side of Ford's Lake valley, below the road connecting Wiseman's Bridge and Pleasant Valley.  From here the tramway crossed an embankment across the valley floor towards the Saundersfoot Railway.


Description:
Sometime after the opening of the Kilgetty Ironworks, in 1849, tunnels were constructed for tramways which linked two of the  coastal iron mine "patches" near Wiseman's Bridge with the Saundersfoot Railway.  This made it easier to transport the iron ore to the ironworks site.  The tunnel from the Crickdam or Craigdam "patch" ran for approximately 700m from iron workings on the coast, joining the shorter Bridge Patch Tunnel beneath what is now Pleasant Valley Caravan Park. A single tunnel then emerged out of the eastern side of Ford's Lake valley, below the road connecting Wiseman's Bridge and Pleasant Valley.  From here the tramway crossed an embankment across the valley floor towards the Saundersfoot Railway.


Description:
The Wiseman's Bridge inn appears to have been in use by the 1820s and has survived to the present day. This historic inn has seen the rise and fall of industry in the valley, and would have at one time been frequented by colliers and iron miners.  Today it has been substantially enlarged and modernised and is a popular seafront inn, frequented by tourists and holidaymakers.  Perhaps its greatest moment came during June 1943, when Winston Churchill visited Wiseman's Bridge to watch coastal landing exercises, part of the preparations for D-Day.  Churchill enjoyed tea, sandwiches and Welsh cakes at the inn, for which he later sent a letter of thanks.


Description:
The Bridge Patch was one of four iron or mining "patches" on the coast between Wiseman's Bridge and Amroth.  It was working by the early 19th century , when men, women and children were all involved in the mining, sorting and transport of iron ore from the coast, often working in family groups.  Before the mid-19th century, the ore was taken away either in carts or directly loaded onto boats on the shore, with some taken to ironworks at Carmarthen and Pembrey.  Following the opening of the Kilgetty Ironworks at Stepaside in 1849, much of the ore produced was taken there.  A tunnel was even opened to take ore from the cliff tops by tramway to the Saundersfoot Railway and on to the ironworks.  It seems that activity ceased after the closure of the Kilgetty Ironworks during the 1870s.

Comments:
The Pembrokeshire Coastal Path runs through the area of the Bridge Patch.


Description:
The Lloyd's Patch, also known as the Rook's Nest patch, was one of four iron or mining "patches" on the coast between Wiseman's Bridge and Amroth.  It was named after the landowners, the Lloyd family of Laques, Llanstephan. It was working by the early 19th century , when men, women and children were all involved in the mining, sorting and transport of iron ore from the coast, often working in family groups.  Before the mid-19th century, the ore was taken away either in carts or directly loaded onto boats on the shore, with some taken to ironworks at Carmarthen and Pembrey.  Following the opening of the Kilgetty Ironworks at Stepaside in 1849, much of the ore produced was taken there.  Tunnels were even opened to take ore from the cliff tops, at neighbouring Bridge and Crickdam patches, by tramway to the Saundersfoot Railway and on to the ironworks.  It seems that activity ceased here after the closure of the Kilgetty Ironworks during the 1870s.

Comments:
The Pembrokeshire Coastal Path runs through the area of the Lloyd's Patch.


Description:
The Crickdam Patch was the most important of four iron or mining "patches" on the coast between Wiseman's Bridge and Amroth.  It was working by the early 19th century , when men, women and children were all involved in the mining, sorting and transport of iron ore from the coast, often working in family groups.  Before the mid-19th century, the ore was taken away either in carts or directly loaded onto boats on the shore, with some taken to ironworks at Carmarthen and Pembrey. At Crickdam, there was a mineyard, workshops and store houses.  Part of  a reputed blacksmith' s workshop survived into the late 20th century, although coastal erosion has removed much evidence by now. Following the opening of the Kilgetty Ironworks at Stepaside in 1849, much of the ore produced was taken there.  A tunnel was even opened to take ore from the cliff tops by tramway to the Saundersfoot Railway and on to the ironworks.  It seems that activity ceased after the closure of the Kilgetty Ironworks during the 1870s.

Comments:
The Pembrokeshire Coastal Path runs through the area of the Crickdam Patch.


Description:
The Burrows Patch was the easternmost of four iron or mining "patches" on the coast between Wiseman's Bridge and Amroth.  It was working by the early 19th century , when men, women and children were all involved in the mining, sorting and transport of iron ore from the coast, often working in family groups.  Before the mid-19th century, the ore was taken away either in carts or directly loaded onto boats on the shore, with some taken to ironworks at Carmarthen and Pembrey.  Following the opening of the Kilgetty Ironworks at Stepaside in 1849, much of the ore produced was taken there.  Tunnels were even opened to take ore from the cliff tops, at neighbouring Bridge and Crickdam patches, by tramway to the Saundersfoot Railway and on to the ironworks  It seems that activity ceased after the closure of the Kilgetty Ironworks during the 1870s.

Comments:
The Pembrokeshire Coastal Path runs through the area of the Burrows Patch.


Description:
A small spoil tip, derived from an old coal or iron ore pit, lies in a field alongside the coastal path.  It is about 20m in diameter and a  reminder of the once importance industries of the district.


Description:
A single-storey, mid-19th century lodge building at the entrance to Tymawr farm.


Description:
The 19th century  farmhouse and adjacent outbuildings around the courtyard are listed buildings.  Kings is a working farm.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP9/2/1) passes the farmyard.


Description:
An 18th century country residence described by Francis Jones in his Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire as "attractive and well-maintained".   It is first recorded in a marriage deed of 1692, between Morris Morris of Ffynnone and Elizabeth Jones of Rhosygilwen. During the mid-18th century, Jacob Jones of nearby Cilwendeg settled here. Llwynbedw is reputedly haunted by the ghost of the  "Lady of Llwynbedw" who had supposedly drowned at nearby Glanpwlldu.

Comments:
Public footpaths pass relatively close to the north and east of Llwynbedw.


Description:
Rhydhowell farmhouse is a listed building.  This working farm also has a campsite and nature trail.


Description:
A Bronze Age flanged & looped bronze axehead has been found near Llwynbedw and is thought to be kept at Carmarthen Museum.


Description:
A neolithic stone axehead was found during ploughing on Llwynbedw lands in 1950.  It was an unfinished "rough-out" of altered ash stone.  The find was donated to the National Museum of Wales.


Description:
A Bronze Age round barrow, one of a group of three at the top of Frenni Fawr. It measures 18m in diameter and is 1.1m high. The barrow  has been excavated in the past and a central crater is visible.  It is likely that Richard Fenton was responsible for the excavation, and account of which is included in his "Historic Tours through Pembrokeshire".


Description:
A Bronze Age round barrow, one of a group of three at the top of Frenni Fawr. It measures 20m in diameter and is 1.3m high. The barrow  has been excavated in the past and a central hollow is visible.  It is likely that Richard Fenton was responsible for the excavation, and account of which is included in his "Historic Tours through Pembrokeshire".


Description:
A Bronze Age round barrow, one of a group of three at the top of Frenni Fawr. It measures 22m in diameter and is 2.2m high.


Description:
A Bronze Age round barrow, possibly a ring barrow, which has an outer stony ring, measuring 17m in diameter and 0.3m high. A central mound, 9m in diameter x 0.5m high, was excavated by Richard Fenton in the early 19th century, and account of which is included in his "Historic Tours through Pembrokeshire".  Fenton discovered a cremation urn, including ashes, in a stone cist within the mound.


Description:
A denuded round barrow, which measures 12m in diameter x 0.2m high.  Intervisible with the larger, better preserved barrows on top of the Frenni Fawr to the east.

Comments:
Close to  the Crymych -The Frenni Walks route and Cycle Route 47. On private farmland.


Description:
The now ruined site of a small woollen mill which operated during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  It lies in a wooded area.


Description:
A major find of Bronze Age metalwork was made on the banks of the Afon Pedran in 1859 by peat cutters.  The hoard included fragments of swords, spearheads and other bronze objects.

Comments:
Apparently donated to Carmarthen Museum and Lampeter College. Location now uncertain.  The findspot lies alongside a public footpath (PP14/27/1).


Description:
An unusual find was made by peat cutters in 1903.  Approximately 8 feet down in the peat, a wooden dug out canoe was discovered.  It was undoubtedly of prehistoric age, probably Bronze Age, and dated from a time when there must have been a lake, before the peat had started to form.

Comments:
The canoe was donated to Carmarthen Museum. No public access to the findspot.


Description:
St Clydai's parish church has 14th century origins, with much of the building dating to that period, including its castellated tower.  The church was restored during the 19th century.  However, it seems likely that a pre-Norman church stood here originally.  In medieval times, there may have been a mortuary chapel in the churchyard called Capel Trisant, but this has long been removed.  St Clydai is traditionally held to have been a daughter of Brychan Brycheiniog, an Irish ruler of Brecon in early medieval times.  Inside the church are three impressive early Christian inscribed stones 1) the Eterni Stone, which has Ogham and Latin inscriptions 2) the Solini Stone, which has a Latin inscription  3) the Dobituci Stone, an Ogham and Latin stone with a ring-cross inscribed into its face.  Each stones dates to the 5th or 6th centuries AD.  The church and its lych-gate have listed building status.

Comments:
The church is usually locked by a key is available from Hendre Farm.


Description:
The churchyard at St Clydai's is of genealogical interest.  It is overgrown in places but most is accessible.


Description:
Lancych is recorded as the home of Morgan Llwyd during the first half of the 18th century.  In 1779, David Griffith, the High Sheriff of Pembrokeshire lived here.  From the mid-19th century, the Jones family, which became the Jones-Lloyd family lived here.  The large and attractive gentry house which now stands at Lancych was built during the 1830s. Following a serious fire in 2004, the house has been renovated. It is mentioned in Francis Jones' "Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire".

Comments:
No public access, visible only from the road to the south.


Description:
This much denuded round barrow measures c.15m in diameter.   Modern ploughing has reduced it to being almost flat.   A large stone slab, presumably the cover for the burial cist, had been exposed in the early 21st century and subsequently moved.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP14/19/3) passes to the west.


Description:
A small chapel or Sunday school, built in 1856 and restored in 1935. Still in use in the early 21st century.


Description:
Very well preserved motte and bailey castle, now located in private grounds at Castell.  The motte stands over 6m high, with a 3m deep hollow in its centre, and is surrounded by a largely infilled ditch.

Comments:
May be visible from the road to the west or public footpath (PP14/19/3) to the east.


Description:
This large and well preserved round barrow stands on the county boundary between Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire.  It stands c.1.6m high and measures c.30m in diameter.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP101/12/2) passes close to the east of the barrow.


Description:
Parc y Beddau or "Field of Graves" is a pasture field with no monument visible.  However, its name suggests that, in the past, evidence has been noted of burials here, whether in the form of prehistoric barrows or early Christian graves.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP101/14/1) passes through the eastern side of this field.


Description:
Dyffryn is known to have been the home of one John Vaughan in the 17th century and was assessed as having 5 hearths for Hearth Tax.  It is now a working farm.

Comments:
A public footpath (PP101/18/1) passes through Dyffryn.


Description:
In the valley bottom of Cwm Pedran, below Dyffryn Farm a collection of cottages, up to three in number, were occupied during the late 19th and early 20th century.  They had been abandoned by the mid-20th century.  They may have been associated with the estate of Dyffryn farm.

Comments:
Described in local tradition as a "lost village".  Now a wooded area, with public footpaths running past the cottage sites (PP101/18/1).


Description:
This is a fine stone bridge, dating from the 17th century, although the arches may actually date from the 16th century.  It was repaired circa 1800.  Still in use as a road bridge and retaining early features such as its cutwaters and triangular pedestrian refuges.


Description:
This small village seems to have developed in post medieval times in association with the development of the local coal industry.  Coal was loaded on barges here for export via the Daugleddau estuary.  Many of the buildings in the village are listed buildings, emphasising its historic nature.  On the eastern side of the Cresswell River are the ruins of  the 16th or 17th century mansion known as Cresswell Castle, which predates the development of Cresswell Quay


Description:
Cresswell Quay was an important point for the export of coal from mines in the surrounding district by the second half of the 18th century.  There were three quays for loading coal onto small ships, the only substantially intact example being this quay close to the Cresselly Arms.  By the 19th century, barges were loaded with coal at Creswell Quay, which was then taken to Lawrenny for transference onto larger, sea-going vessels.  Coal export ceased here during the 1830s, although general trade continued for some time.  Today the former quay is used as a car park.


Description:
This building appears to have been a dwelling in the 18th century, being the home of one John Upton in 1756.  By the mid-19th century, it was recorded as public house on Ordnance Survey maps.  It was remodelled into its present form during the 1870s.


Description:
A denuded earthwork site, this defended enclosure is one of many similar Iron Age  settlement sites in the area.  It is best seen on aerial photographs as the surface remains are now quite slight.  The enclosure measures about 80m by 40m and sits in a hollow.


Description:
A denuded earthwork site, this defended enclosure is one of many similar Iron Age  settlement sites in the area.  It is best seen on aerial photographs as the surface remains are now quite slight.  Parts of the defensive ditch and bank are still visible as low earthworks, but the site is divided by a field boundary hedge.  Overall it measures little more than 30m in diameter.


Description:
A denuded earthwork site, this defended enclosure is one of many similar Iron Age  settlement sites in the area.  It is best seen on aerial photographs as the surface remains are now quite slight.  Parts of the defensive ditch and bank are still visible as low earthworks.  Overall it measures little more than 35m in diameter.


Description:
Cresselly is a small hamlet which has its origins as a medieval village.  Its post medieval history has been largely associated with the estate of  nearby Cresselly House.  The village still had its primary school in 2010.  A YFC hall also stands close to the school. There was a smithy opposite the school until the mid 20th century, which has long disappeared.  There was a Methodist chapel in the village until the early 20th century, when it was moved some distance to the east, near Lanesend.


Description:
This is a small, sub-circular enclosure, typical of the Iron Age settlements of the district, measuring, circa 50m in diameter overall.  This site is partly overlain by the ground of the Cresselly Cricket Club, and ground levelling has reduced and damaged the earthworks on this side of the monument.  The western half of the enclosure is better preserved and lies underneath and adjacent pasture field.  The site is best seen on aerial photographs, but the earthworks are still clearly visible on the ground.


Description:
This is a small, sub-circular enclosure, typical of the Iron Age settlements of the district, measuring circa 38m x 30m.  The enclosure is located in a field and centuries of agricultural activity over the site has resulted in the reduction of the earthworks.  The site is therefore best seen on aerial photographs.


Name:
ST OSWALD'S CHURCH IN WALES VOLUNTARY SCHOOL

Description:
This school was founded in the early 19th century as a National School, perhaps as early as 1812, although the first building on this site dates to 1835.  It was established under the patronage of the Allen family of Cresselly House, who used to take communion in the school building as recently as the 1940s, there being a small altar present for that purpose.


Description:
The kennels were built for the South Pembrokeshire Hunt , which was founded by the Allens of Cresselly House in 1789.  The original kennels were rebuilt in 1894 and continue in use.


Description:
The gateway to the former southern driveway to Cresselly House.  The iron gates still hang on the original stone gate piers, although some railings are missing and the Allen family crests which once adorned the gate are also absent.  The driveway is not shown on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map, but is in place by the 1908 edition, suggesting that the entrance and drive date to the turn of the century.


Description:
Black Hook was one of the earliest recorded collieries in the Begelly area, ,with references going back to the 1720s, mentioning the mining of coal and culm on the land here.  Lord Milford granted a lease on the colliery for 21 years in 1806, and Black Hook is also shown on an 1829 plan of the Saundersfoot Railway, and may even have been linked to the railway by its own siding.  Black Hook Colliery appears to have closed by 1840.  The site is now a pasture field.


Description:
This attractive stone footbridge is of 18th or early 19th century date. It is circa 40m in length, but only 1m wide between its high-sided parapets.  It has three widely-spaced arches.


Description:
The ruined site of this 18th or 19th century corn mill stand alongside the public footpath.  It had become deserted by the early 20th century.

Comments:
Stands alongside Public Footpath SP42/34/2 (Greenway Landsker Trail)


Description:
This old tramway line is now the route of a trackway through Kilgetty Wood, running for circa 700m.  It is shown as a working tramway on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map, and served small mine workings, including Wood Level, along the southwestern side of Ford Lake valley,  running northwestwards from Lower Lever Colliery.  It linked with further tramways to the southeast of Lower Level Colliery, which ran to Stepaside and down Pleasant Valley, presumably to Kilgetty Ironworks. It was disused by the early 1900s.

Comments:
The lower part of the tramway is overlain by public footpath SP42/33/2.


Description:
Wood Level was the last working coal mine in the Saundersfoot area.  It was operated during three separate period, originally during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.  Towards the end of the 19th century it appears to have worked for a decade.  At this time, iron ore was also being mined here, to supply the nearby Kilgetty Ironworks and a tramway was installed, linking the mine to Stepaside, further down the valley to the south east.  This period of activity ended about 1890.  Its final chapter began in 1944, when local businessman Edgar Howells reopened the mine and succeeded in achieving an output of 4,000 to 5,000 tons of coal per annum for a number of years.  Work ended in 1949 or 1950, and centuries of coal mining in the Saundersfoot area came to an end.

Comments:
Worthy of interpretation due to its historical significance as the last mine in the area.


Description:
The Trewern Level was a small ironstone working, which extended over 100m into the hill and then accessed lower iron ore deposits via an underground shaft, which went down some 12m.  It was owned by the Pembrokeshire Iron & Coal Co. and listed as a working mine in 1849, probably only recently opened.  The level opened out into a small wooded valley near Trewern farm.

Comments:
A public footpath SP42/34/1(Landsker/Greenway) passes the site.


Description:
The railway station in Kilgetty as originally built on the Pembroke & Tenby Railway in 1866. It seems that it was originally on the western side of the line (where Station Road runs), opposite the present station platform, to where it was moved in 1887, when a contract for new buildings was issued.  The station remains in use as a request stop.


Description:
This former public house, which closed in the late 1990s and was converted into a private dwelling, opened soon after the Pembrokeshire & Tenby Railway was built through Kilgetty in 1866.  It was always very busy on mart  days, the mart being held next to the nearby railway station.  From 1924 onwards, the Kilgetty Arms was allowed to stay open all day when the fortnightly mart was in operation.


Description:
A fortnightly cattle mart was held adjacent to the railway station in Kilgetty.  It had cattle pens and buildings ad was served by a siding off the mail railway line. The former mart site has now been built over.


Description:
A Second World War pillbox reportedly survives as a garden feature at Hillside, Kilgetty.


Description:
This mission church was built in 1893 and in use until 1986. It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
In the early 19th century, the name Kilgetty was associated only with the farm of that name, which lies to the north of the present village and was by then a possession of the Phillips' family of Picton estate.  During mid-19th century, the name was applied to the Kilgetty ironworks, in Stepaside.  Kilgetty village has developed since the arrival of the main railway line here in 1866, and the opening of a station here.  The railway  crossed the line of the turnpike road built in the 1830s to link  Whitland and Pembroke. This junction made Kilgetty into an important focus of transport links, overshadowing nearby Begelly, which was originally the main settlement in the area.  The village grew to have its own pubs, places of worship and cattle market and it has continued to grow during the 20th century.  It now has the advantage of being positioned alongside the modern A477 road, linking St Clears and Pembroke.


Description:
This is the site of a 19th century ironstone mine shaft, one of a series of up to four workings on land around Little Kilvelgy farm. It was owned by the Pembrokeshire Iron & Coal Co. and listed as a working mine in 1849, probably only recently opened.

Comments:
Lies alongside public footpath SP42/31/1 close to its junction with SP42/30/5


Description:
This short-lived inn was listed in the 1841 Census, when it was run by one William John.  It is now a private dwelling called Victoria House, which still bears the name of the inn.  It was one of the simple ale-houses which were common in the mining community around Saundersfoot before the mid-19th century.


Description:
This short-lived inn was listed in the 1841 Census, when it was run by one Samuel Singleton.  Singleton was a colliery agent and it is not clear if he kept the inn, or simply lived in a former inn with his wife Ellen and their seven children.  The precise location of the Kilgetty Arms is not known, but the evidence of the census returns suggest that it would have been somewhere between Tucking Mill Farm and Dobbin Walls.  It was one of the simple ale-houses which were common in the mining community around Saundersfoot before the mid-19th century.


Description:
This inn was in use by 1851.  It was known locally as "The Pan" or "Pan and Handle" and is said to have been the venue of frequent battles between local colliers and quarry men from Ludchurch, who would walk to Stepaside to pick a fight. A riot was recorded her in 1876, when police found a mass brawl in progress and fined the landlord and his sons for drunkenness and assault. It was also the meeting place for the Kilgetty United Brotherhood, which was a Friendly Society, in 1880s. It closed in 1923.


Description:
This inn is thought to have opened shortly after the nearby ironworks were built. It also closed shortly after the ironworks ceased work in 1877 and has was a private dwelling afterwards.  It is now a ruin.


Description:
This public house was opened in the 1960s in a building which was originally known as Kilgetty House and had been built in the mid-19th century as the home of the manager of the Kilgetty Ironworks.  The pub had closed by 2009 and is now a private dwelling.


Description:
Camomile Back Inn is traditionally said to have been open during the 17th century.  A local tradition says that Oliver Cromwell visited the inn on his way to attack Pembroke Castle in 1648.  He reputedly gave an order for his men to "step aside" from their march to take rest and refreshment, giving the village its name.  A cottage called Camomile Bank is presumably the site of the inn.


Description:
Slate Mill, originally known as Kilgetty Slate Mill, was a corn mill which is known to have been in use as early as 1690. It was fed by a leat which took water from the Ford Lake stream some 320m upstream and supplied a mill pond uphill, to the northeast, of the mill building.  The waterwheel was turned by water supplied from the mill pond, which was then returned to the Ford Lake stream.  The mill house stands a short distance to the southeast of the mill.  A miller and his family still lived here in 1841 but the mill is not named on the 1891 Ordnance Survey maps, only the adjacent mill cottage.

Comments:
According to a local source, slate mill was used as a lockup for AWOL troops during the invasion practise, Operation Jantzen, in the 1943.


Description:
This was the only canal built to serve Pembrokeshire collieries.  It was built around 1792 to link collieries owned by Lord Milford around Stepaside with the coast at Wiseman's Bridge, about 1 mile away.  It seems that the construction was flawed, with  the canal being cut from its lowest point and then up the valley, instead of the usual method of working down from the highest point. It was apparently a narrow canal, some 10 or 12 feet wide, and suitable only for moving small tub boats.  Water was obtained from various colliery adits near the site of the Band of Hope colliery, above Stepaside village. There was a coal yard and a canal basin on the sea front at Wiseman's Bridge, both of which have been removed or buried under shingle.  It seems that the canal was a failure.  The southern part of its course seems to have been overlain by the later Saundersfoot Railway, and there is now little physical trace of its existence.


Description:
This stone bridge is an original feature on a tramline which connected the Grove Colliery and the upper part of Kilgetty Ironworks to the Saundersfoot Railway.  It probably dates to the late 1840s, when the ironworks was under development.  It would have probably remained in use into the late 1870s, but with coal winding ceasing at Grove Colliery and the ironworks ceasing production after 1874, is likely to have been disused by the 1880s, although it is shown on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map (which was surveyed over a decade before publication).


Description:
Kilgetty Colliery was the last coal mine to work in Stepaside, closing in 1939, but the history of the name extends back to the 1770s and in the intervening 170 years was associated with a number of different pits at the northern edge of the village.  These workings included the Engine Pit (sunk 1789) and Wilson's Pit (sink 1842, both of which are at the site usually associated with the colliery, where much activity was focused during the second half of the 19th century, where some important relics of the industry remain.  The small pits characteristic of  late 18th century mining in the area began to be replaced by more organised activity, represented by the purchase and installation of a 14" beam engine for Kilgetty Colliery in 1811, probably the first steam engine to be installed in the Saundersfoot district.  In subsequent decades, Kilgetty Colliery prospered, especially after the opening of the Saundersfoot Railway, raising several hundred tons of coal a month. During the 1840s it was reported that ten pits were linked underground as part of the colliery complex, giving it good ventilation.  Another boost came with the development of the nearby Kilgetty Ironworks, but the problems of the ironworks seem to have matched a downturn at Kilgetty Colliery, and by the 1860s the mine was in decline, with the main workings closing about 1870.  There was little activity here for several decades, although C.R. Vickerman wanted to redevelop the mine during the 1890s, using machinery from nearby Lower Level Colliery.  It was not until the 1930s that Kilgetty Colliery had a new lease of life, with pumping operations beginning in 1934-5 and mining restarting in 1937, as the Kilgetty Anthracite Colliery Co.  15,000 tons of coal were produced in 1938, but geological problems encountered at the end of the year saw the mine close in early 1939 and 262 men losing their employment.  Today, only three structures survive here and are protected as Listed Buildings. These are 6555 Weighbridge Office, 6556 Engine House and 6557 the former colliery ventilation chimney base.


Description:
Stepaside is a small village with origins in the growth of the local coal and iron mining industry during the 18th century.  Prior to the growth of industry it was a relatively quiet rural area, with its corn mill, Slate Mill, known to have been operating by 1690.  The village has grown in the  Ford Lake valley, at a point where several historic communications routes have crossed, close to some of the more important coal mining sites in the district.  The earliest of these was a road known as the "Old Welsh Road" or "Welsh Way", which ran down from the direction of Ludchurch, passed through the area of Stepaside village and then proceeded westwards towards Kingsmoor. The valley itself was a route favoured for moving coal and iron ore out of the area to the coast during the 18th century, with some local iron ore even being taken across Carmarthen Bay to be used at furnaces in Pembrey and Carmarthen.  During the 1790s, Lord Milford attempted to use a purpose-built canal to transport coal from the area around the village down to the sea at Wiseman's Bridge, although this venture proved unsuccessful.  During the 1830s, collieries at Stepaside were boosted by the construction of a horse-drawn tramway, as part of the Saundersfoot Railway, which linked to coal wharves at Saundersfoot Harbour.  Within a few years, a new turnpike road linking St Clears and Hobbs Point was also built, passing though the heart of Stepaside.  At this time in its history the village was only a collection of small cottages and a few ale houses, with many of the inhabitants working in local collieries.  During the 1840s, investment in the new Kilgetty Ironworks and associated collieries at Lower Level, Kilgetty Colliery and Grove Colliery by he Pembrokeshire Coal & Iron Co., saw an increase in the local population and the village grew further.  Iron ore was also mined locally, including in the vicinity of Staggers Hill, Stepaside.  By the 1860s, the village had several public houses, a Methodist and Congregational Chapel and in 1877 it also gained its own school.  By this time, Stepaside had many of the characteristics of a mining settlement.  The Saundersfoot Railway was re-laid for steam trains in 1874 and hope were high for a successful future.  In the same year however, the ironworks ceased production and a gradual decline of the local collieries began.  By 1900, Lower Level, Grove and Kilgetty collieries were closed and, apart from a brief revival in the 1930s at Kilgetty Colliery, the age of industry was passing.  Local men continued to work in collieries further afield, however. In 1900, the renowned "Miners' Express" (locally known as "The Armour") ran from Stepaside, taking colliers to Saundersfoot where they had employment at Bonville's Court Colliery.  This provided one of the enduring images of the local coal industry.  By the Second World War, Bonville's Court Colliery had also closed and this brought mining almost to an end in the area.  A small colliery at Wood Level, higher up Ford Lake valley from Stepaside, was the very last mine to operate in the district, working between 1944 and 1950.  During the second half of the 20th century, tourism has become an important industry for the village, with some of the more important industrial relics now becoming important symbols of the heritage of the community.


Description:
A small Congregational chapel, built in 1850 as a branch of Sardis Chapel, at a time when local industry and the community was growing.  The chapel was no longer in use in 2010.


Description:
The Longstone is a well-preserved prehistoric monument.  It stands in a field and measure 1.4m high and his 1.2m wide by 0.4m thick.  It was probably the focus of a cremation cemetery, although centuries of ploughing is likely to have removed most, if not all of the features which would once have surrounded the stone.


Description:
This minor gentry country residence dates to the 18th century.  The front block of the house is dated to 1762, with a possibly earlier building forming the rear wing. Changes to the building during the 19th and 20th centuries, including the removal of its second storey in 1877, mean that it now has the appearance of a large farmhouse, rather than a gentry house.  One interesting feature is a cast-iron, decorative fanlight above the main door, which may come from the nearby Woodside Iron Foundry, which operated at Wiseman's Bridge during the late 19th century.  A number of estate features survive, however, including the walled garden, which lies to the north of the farmhouse.  A small formal garden, 18th century In origin but modified during the 1880s, also survives. To the south of the house is a building known as The Dovecote, which is actually thought to be a former parish lock-up or gaol.  Alongside is a viewing mound, a typical 18th century garden feature, which may one have been topped by a summerhouse.  This may date to the time when Charles Swann, the deputy sheriff of Pembroke, lived here.  It is likely that the mansion was built for his family in 1762.  After Swann, the Callen family lived here and Merrixton House later became part of the Picton Estate.

Comments:
The gardens are a Registered Historic Garden PGW (Dy) 37 (Pem)


Description:
This sub-rectangular enclosure has been described as an Iron Age defended enclosure by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust.  The RCAHMW suggest it to be a possible medieval enclosure, however, by virtue of the presence of the foundations of a large, rectilinear building within the enclosure which may be a medieval or post-medieval house site.  The enclosure measures 60 metres east-west by 50 metres north-south.  The building foundations measure 24 metres long by 8 metres wide and are of a two-celled building.


Description:
This stone axe-head was found in the stream, close to the ruined church.  It has a pointed butt end and a wide, adze-like blade.  It is in private ownership.


Description:
St Brynach's survives only as an evocative ruin.  Most of the building was destroyed in a storm in 1859, leaving only the western gable wall and doorway intact.


Description:
When St Brynach's church was destroyed by the great storm of 1859, part of the parish churchyard was also swept away.  A new church was built at Brynhenllan, with a new churchyard.  Much of this churchyard survives, including its burials, and it is still consecrated ground.  Continuing sea erosion of the edge of the churchyard, and a major storm in 1979, led to steps being taken to improve the sea defences and protect the churchyard.  The erosion had revealed early cist-graves along the shoreline, which were examined by archaeologists.  They were thought to be of probable medieval date, although it is possible that the site has its origins in the early medieval (Dark Age) period.


Description:
An extensive area of slate quarrying along the cliffs between Ffynnon Ofi and Penrhyn Hesgwm.


Description:
A well-preserved lime kiln, now in the car park at Pwll Gwaelod.  A second kiln existed further to the east, but was lost when the car park was created.  This surviving kiln has a partially infilled pot, but the drawholes are still clear and visible and the masonry is in good condition.


Description:
This former Calvinistic Methodist chapel was in the process of being converted into a dwelling when seen in early 2011.  The first chapel was built in 1769 and it was rebuilt 1799.  The present building dates to 1842 and was listed due to the fine interior features installed at that time, including a 5-sided gallery on marbled timber columns.  The chapel was closed by the early 21st century.


Description:
The South Wales Railway was built to provide a link from London through the South Wales Valleys through to Ireland.  An Act of Parliament in 1845 gave authority for a railway from Chepstow to Fishguard, and the line from Chepstow to Swansea was opened in 1850.   The original intention of continuing the line to Fishguard was abandoned and changed to Neyland, from where the ferry to Ireland was to operate for 50 years, before being moved to Fishguard in 1906.  The line was eventually closed in 1964, part of the Beeching cuts. The old track bed now serves as a cycle route between Neyland and Johnston.


Description:
Hook Miners Welfare Hall was built through the penny a week collections that the miners organised in the 20th century but was recently demolished,


Description:
The playing fields, along with the former Miners Welfare Hall, were paid for from the penny a week collections that the miners organised


Description:
St Brynach's' was built after the destruction of the earlier parish church, also St Brynach's, in the great storm of 1859.  The present parish church is an attractive stone building under a slate roof, with a small bellcote tower at its western end.


Description:
This earthwork enclosure is defined by a defensive bank which originally had an external ditch.  It encloses an area of about 50 metres by 35 metres, but is tear-drop shaped in plan. According to the RCAHMW, the enclosure appears to overlie an earlier rectilinear enclosure, measuring 30 metres by 23 metres, within which is a large building platform, measuring 13 metres by 10 metres.  A smaller platform was also noted to the east.  The age of the defended enclosure is uncertain.  The Dyfed Archaeological Trust suggest that it is an Iron Age enclosure, although Neil Ludlow of DAT suggested in 2001 that it may have been reused in Early Medieval times as a Christian burial site. His suggestion is  based on the presence of an Early Medieval cross-inscribed stone at nearby Velindre Farm, which may indicate that an early Christian site does indeed exist close by.  It is worth noting that Velindre, which may be translated as "mill settlement" (felin + tref), could actually de derived from the medieval Welsh for "Villein's settlement" (bilain + tref).  The combination of the early Christian stone, a villein's settlement and a defended site with enclosures and platforms could equally therefore point to an Early Medieval or Medieval settlement site of some importance.

Comments:
Public footpath PP58/9/2 runs just to the south of the enclosure.


Description:
This inscribed stone is thought to date to the 7th to 9th centuries AD.  A Latin cross is carved into the face of the stone, with ring and dot decoration added. It was at one time used as a gatepost on Velindre Farm but now stands alongside the access lane to the farm.

Comments:
Public footpath PP58/9/1 runs past the stone


Description:
This chapel dates to 1836. It was modified in 1879. The building appears to remain in use as  chapel in 2011.  It has an unusual slate covered gable and rear wall, and at its northeastern end is attached to the former British School, which was built in 1868.


Description:
Madame Bevan of Laugharne was the main benefactor of this successful school, the money provided for this school after her death in a bequest. It provided an education for local children between 1804 and 1875, and to trained hundreds of teachers.  John Morgan (1786 -1865), was master of the school for 47 years and lived in the adjacent cottage.


Description:
Newport castle was a Norman foundation, a successor to earlier castles at Nevern and Hen Gastell, Newport.  An attack by Llywelyn ap Gruffudd in 1257 is though to have destroyed Hen Gastell and prompted the Martin family, Lords of Cemaes, to build a new, stone castle at a new location, on higher ground overlooking Newport.  This is the site of the present castle, of which considerable remains have survived. During the 14th century ownership passed to the Audley family, who maintained the castle as a fortification until the early 15th century, but afterwards fell into decay. The Lordship and castle were sold to the Owens of Henllys during the 16th century.  Clearly the castle was sufficiently well preserved during the lifetime of George Owen of Henllys (1552-1613) for him to have been briefly imprisoned in its dungeon by his political enemies.  During the 17th century the lordship and now ruinous castle were inherited by the Lloyds of Bronwydd. In 1859 the castle’s impressive gatehouse was repaired and turned into a mansion by Sir Thomas Lloyd and has been occupied as a private residence to the present day. Parts of the curtain wall and three other towers survive, including the Hunter’s Tower at the northwestern corner of the castle, which is said to include a 13th  century fireplace.  The stonework sits on top of a quadrilateral earthwork, with a probable motte mound at the base of the southwestern tower.  The castle is surrounded by an broad moat ditch, which was partly enhanced to serve as a fishpond in early post medieval times and latterly also served as a millpond for the nearby Castle Mill.


Description:
The Borough of Newport was one of the Norman borough towns of Pembrokeshire, awarded its charter by William Martin in the late 12th century.  The first Norman stronghold in Cemaes was located at Nevern Castle, but after its deliberate destruction by the sons of the Lord Rhys at the end of the 12th century a new fortification was built at Newport, which was in turn replaced, by the late 13th century, by an impressive stone castle on the hill overlooking the town.

 

A strong woollen industry grew around Newport and by the 16th century Welsh flannel was one the main exports being moved by sea from Newport, as well as slates quarried from sea cliffs in the area.  It is said that a great plague during the early 16th century harmed the local economy and pushed Newport into decline.  A revival of the town’s fortunes came in the 18th century. A large herring fishery developed in Cardigan Bay, which brought benefits to most of the harbours and ports along its coastline.  The Parrog became the focus of this maritime activity.  A busy trade was carried out, with a range of goods being imported through Newport to supply the wider area, including the limestone and coal which was so important for lime-burning to make the lime used to fertilise the soil on local farms. Some ship building was also carried out here.

 

Some of the ancient traditions of the Borough have survived to modern times.  These include the holding the ancient Court Leet and Court Baron in Newport, every May and September.  The practice of appointing aldermen and burgesses to serve on the courts has been maintained, as well as the election of a mayor from amongst the burgesses every November. It is still dominated by the now ruinous castle which overlooks the town, where the Lady Marcher of Cemaes still resides in a part of the castle converted into a mansion in the 19th century. The ancient rights of common on Carningli mountain, granted by the Norman conquerors, are still observed. During the 1980s, archaeological excavations within the town even uncovered some of the medieval houses and garden plots offering a valuable insight into life here in the past and a medieval pottery kiln is preserved below the town’s Memorial Hall, as one of the heritage treasures of Newport.

 

By the 20th century tourism was becoming increasingly important to the Newport district and the town is now a popular tourist resort, combining the attractions of its coastal location with its upland hinterland and rich heritage.

Comments:
The history of the town is well documented and celebrated in the late Dilwyn Miles volume on the “Ancient Borough of Newport in Pembrokeshire”.


Description:
A Roman coin hoard was found in this area in 1809, buried in a wooden chest. It is said that the coins were sold to a metal smith in Haverfordwest and melted down.


Description:
A chert axe head of Neolithic date was found near Esgyrn farm and donated to Carmarthen Museum in 1926.


Description:
A medieval chapel-of-ease existed in this area but has long been lost.


Description:
During 1920, a low round barrow was recorded here, but it was destroyed in the August of that year.  A stone cist was uncovered which contained a cinerary urn with cremated bone. Three or four similar mounds were noted nearby by the Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments, but no trace of any such features now remain.


Description:
This small cemetery on the outskirts of Fishguard was created as a burial ground for St Mary's, the parish church for Fishguard South, which is located in the town itself.


Description:
According to the Dyfed Archaeological Trust, in 2009 a square enclosure was identified here, which is thought to be of Iron Age or Romano-British date.  It lies in a wooded area.


Description:
Cronllwyn was a minor gentry house during the 16th and 17th centuries.  It was once owned by John Lewis, the great-grandfather of the Pembrokeshire antiquarian Richard Fenton.


Description:
This earthwork site measures about 40 metres by 25 metres and now has low defining banks, with traces of a shallow external ditch in places.  It is thought to be either an Iron Age defended enclosure or possibly a medieval moated site.


Description:
This univallate enclosure is oval in shape and measures about 35 metres by 30 metres, and its low bank has traces of a external ditch, especially on the western side.  It lies in a field to the rear of the Bridge End Inn at Llanychaer.

Comments:
A footpath passes nearby, through the field containing the earthwork.


Description:
This inscribed boundary stone marks the boundary between Fishguard and Llanychaer parishes.  It stands at the roadside outside the Bridge End Inn.


Description:
The former mill in Llanychaer village is now a private dwelling, but there are references to a water mill at Llanychaer dating back to medieval times.  It was still operating in the late 19th century but had fallen out of use by the early 1900s.  Water was brought to the wheel via a mill leat which tapped into the Gwaun river to the east.


Description:
This former chapel was opened in 1881. It was converted into a private dwelling in the late 20th century, but still bears the characteristics of a small, rural chapel.


Description:
Roscoe Howells, in "From Amroth to Utah" records an account of this stone.  He states that a boundary stone marked WLL was originally located at this spot.  The letters stood for William Lloyd, a member of the Lloyd family of Laques, Llanstephan, who owned the nearby Lloyd's Patch iron ore mining area.  Further to the east, another stone, marked LM (Lord Milford) marked the boundaries of lands owned by Lord Milford, who owned the Crickdam and Burrows Patches, found either side of the Lloyd's Patch.  Howells found that during the 1990s, the LM stone was moved to the site of the WLL stone, the latter disappearing.  It is not clear if this was the case or whether there was more than one LM stone or the WLL had been turned to expose an LM on the reverse side.


Description:
This small spoil tip, in a pasture field, is one of the few remaining traces of the coal and iron mining industries which  flourished in this area in the 18th and 19th centuries. It measures about 25m by 15m.


Description:
This small spoil tip, at the edge of a pasture field and now incorporated into the field boundary, is one of the few remaining traces of the coal and iron mining industries which once flourished in this area.  It measures about 60m by 25m.

Comments:
May be visible from a footpath to the east.


Description:
The Cwm Level was driven southwest into the Catshole ironstone vein.  It is amongst the ironstone workings listed by the Pembrokeshire Coal & Iron Co. records of 1849.  It is long abandoned but the site appears to still be recognisable due to the presence of a large spoil tip in the valley below the level.

Comments:
The site lies alongside a public footpath


Description:
This small spoil tip, in a pasture field, is one of the few remaining traces of the coal and iron mining industries which  flourished in this area in the 18th and 19th centuries. It measures about 25m in diameter.  A second mound lies 30m to the north.  .


Description:
This pasture field to the north of Summerhill village is doted with now grassed over spoilt tips derived from 19th century coal mining.  An Old Shaft is shown in the middle of the field on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map.

Comments:
The mounds are clearly visible from the roadside at the northern entrance to the village.


Description:
The Staggers Hill level was driven into the Catshole vein in 1849 to work ironstone for the Kilgetty Ironworks.  The adjacent Roslyn Hill Level was driven at the same time.  A large spoil tip, now apparently wooded, marks the site of this workings


Description:
An Old Shaft is marked just to the west of Cwmrath farm, on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map.  It is now in a wooded area.  Several spoil tips survive in the same area, representing evidence of 19th century mining.

Comments:
A public footpath SP1/15/1 passes just to the south of the old shaft.


Description:
Bedlam Pit was apparently worked in the mid-19th century by the Pembrokeshire Coal & Iron Co. It is shown as an "Old Shaft" on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map.

Comments:
This site lies just to the west of the Knights Way.  It also lies within the gardens of Colby Lodge.


Description:
This is thought to be the site of the Williams Pit, a small colliery which was apparently worked in the mid-19th century by the Pembrokeshire Coal & Iron Co. It may however be the site of Skerry Back Pit, which was in this vicinity.


Description:
This is thought to be the site of Prout's Pit, a small colliery which was apparently worked in the mid-19th century by the Pembrokeshire Coal & Iron Co.  This could be the site of the Little Pit where a young girl named Mary Prout threw her illegitimate baby to its death in 1864.  She was later condemned to death for her action, but spared on an appeal to Queen Victoria due to the public outcry surrounding the case.  It is not clear exactly where Little Pit was.

Comments:
Within the woodlands of Colby Lodge and alongside the Amroth to Colby Lodge trail.


Description:
This coal pit was sunk in 1810 to a depth of 94 yards, making it one of the deepest workings of its day.  It was worked during the mid-19th century as one of a series of collieries owned by the Pembrokeshire Coal & Iron Co.  It was connected to the 3-mile long Merrixton Adit, which ran from nearby Merrixton down to the sea at Amroth and helped drain Thomas Hill pit and several other workings in the vicinity.  Thomas Hill worked into the second half of the 19th century but its date of closure is not known.  It was closed by the time of the 1891 Ordnance Survey map.  Today only a spoil  mound remains to mark the site of the pit.

Comments:
A public footpath passes just to the south of the site, and a bridleway to the west.


Description:
The Commercial Inn was opened after the opening of the new turnpike road during the 1830s.  The road became a mailway and the farmer at Little Kilanow farm, George Davies, saw an opportunity and developed the Commercial Inn as part of a new farm/inn beside  the new road. It was opened during the 1840s and George Davies kept it until his death in 1897.  The inn became The Stage Coach in 1965, but has now closed.


Description:
Craig y Borion has origins in medieval times.  It is part of the Colby Lodge estate and a National Trust tenanted farm.  There are woodland walks around the farm.  It is associated with an interesting event which occurred in 1852, when an affair between one Mr Severne of Craig y Borion and the governess employed to educate his children became public.  An outraged Mrs Severne paid local men to use the "ceffyl pren" or "wooden horse" to carry the governess around the parish in an act of public humiliation.  This was the last time the "ceffyl pren" was used in the area.  Mr Severne and the governess eloped the following day and eventually emigrated to New Zealand.

Comments:
Craig y Borion lies on the course of the Knights Way.


Description:
Colby Lodge was built by the Colby family of Ffynnone, Boncath on the site of Rhydlangoed, a farm they purchased in 1803 from the Skyrme family.  The new mansion was built alongside the old farmhouse, which was incorporated as its northeastern wing.  The building work was undertaken with the assistance of the Clerk of Works to the famous architect John Nash. The mansion, a plain 3-storey building, has survived to the present day and is still a private residence, although it is now managed by the National Trust.  The adjacent grounds, woodland and 870-acre estate (which includes a number of local farms) are also managed by the National Trust.


Description:
An extensive woodland garden, with formal pleasure gardens and a walled garden are associated with the mansion at Colby Lodge.  The whole complex is now managed by the National Trust and most is publicly accessible.  The walled garden and the formal garden around the mansion were planned as early as 1803, when the house was built.  The large woodland garden developed towards the end of the 19th century and includes many exotic tree and shrub species.

Comments:
Colby Lodge Gardens is included in the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens PGW (Dy) 29 (Pem). This includes a detailed history of its development.


Description:
Two pairs of cast iron gates stand some 30m apart near the entrance to the gardens at Colby Lodge Woodland Garden.  Both were reportedly moved here from Sion House, Tenby, after it was destroyed by fire in 1939.

Comments:
The gates stand on the route of the Knights Way.


Description:
Rhydlangoed was an early coal mine in the vicinity of Rhydlangoed farm, which was purchased by the Colby family in 1803 and became the site of Colby Lodge mansion.  The Colby's owned and ran the colliery during the early years of the 19th century. The exact location of the mine has not been fixed, but it is though to be within the area of the Colby Lodge Woodland Garden.


Description:
There was mining in the area of this pit as early as 1793, when a Coom Mills pit was being worked, but it is not known if it was at this site. Coombes Pit was certainly being worked by 1845 and probably during the early 1850s, but closed soon afterwards. It worked the Kilgetty vein and had an underground water-wheel powered by water flowing through the Merrixton Adit. This adit was cleaned out during the 1930s, when Kilgetty Colliery was reopened.  The first section was cleared from the coast to Coombes Pit, after which a dramatic outflow of water broke out onto the beach, shortly after the colliers who had been clearing the old adit had returned to the beach to eat their lunch. They had a very lucky escape. Today, only earthwork remains in a wooded parcel of land show the site of the pit, along with the spoil tips of several other old pits along the line of the Merrixton Adit, a short  distance to the northeast towards Amroth farm.  These include the Middle Pit and Hill Pit which are closest to the Coombes Pit.


Description:
Along the coastline of Carmarthen Bay, including the foreshore at Amroth, areas of prehistoric submerged forests are exposed by the tides from time to time.  Unfortunately, the location and extent of these exposures varies according to movements of the sands along the coast and the height of the tides.  The submerged forests represent the remains of natural forests which grew along the coastline during Mesolithic and Neolithic times, but which was lost as sea level rose.  The roots and stumps of trees can be exposed, as well as fallen trunks and the former forest floor.


Description:
A number of flint artefacts were collected from this area on the foreshore at Amroth, during the early 1900s, having been exposed by stream erosion.  They are thought to represent an area where Mesolithic hunters prepared flint tools over 7,000 years ago.  The finds include flint scrapers and blades and partially worked flint pebbles.  The finds are kept at Tenby Museum.


Description:
Castlepark Colliery seems to have worked during the early and mid-19th century.  It is know that it worked the Kilgetty vein at about 80 yards deep.  It was linked underground to a pumping shaft, known as Castle Gate Pit, which was located on the coast, some 600m to the south.  It was owned by the Biddulph family of Amroth Castle during the 1820s.  A drawing in the records of Neath Abbey Ironworks, dated to 1822, shows parts for a steam engine owned by F.T. Biddulph, thought to have been installed at an engine house at Amroth.


Description:
This earthwork, which includes a low mound and apparent surrounding ditch, is thought to be a medieval motte castle, the site of Earwere Castle. Richard Fenton claims that it was the site of this early Norman castle, settled on Cadwgan ap Bleddyn when he married the daughter of Pigot de Say in the late 11th century.  During the mid-12th century, this early castle was apparently in the possession of Cadell ap Gruffydd, the brother of the Lord Rhys, and an attack on Cadell by the men of Tenby caused Rhys to take Tenby at put its garrison to the sword.  It may have been destroyed by Llywelyn Fawr in the early 13th century and the new Earewere Castle was built closer to the sea by the Elliot family during the mid-15th century.  The mound measures about 32m x 27m and is up to 12m high.  Some doubt has been expressed about this identification, as it was suspected that it might be an old coal working and spoil tip. Minor excavations in 1965 suggested that the mound was not made up of typical colliery waste however.  It stand in a field called Little Castle Park, and the placename is thought be indicative of the fact that this was traditionally seen as an old castle mound.


Description:
Amroth parish church is dedicated to St Elidyr and is known to have been in existence by the 13th century.  It is thought that its origins are pre-Norman and it may well be an early Christian site, founded during the Early Medieval period.  It was awarded to the Knights Hospitallers of Slebech and is listed as one of their properties in 1231. By the mid-19th century, the medieval church was in a poor condition and it was restored in 1855, but the medieval tower and much of the medieval building were retained.  The porch was added in 1882.  The survival of much of the medieval structure has led to the church being awarded Listed Building status.


Description:
St Elidyr's, Amroth has a large churchyard with many burials.  It has clearly  been the main cemetery for the parish.  It has a few iron headstones made at the local foundry and now protected as listed buildings..


Description:
This medieval preaching cross was unfortunately damaged during the 16th century, when Thomas Cromwell ordered the destruction of such crosses in the country.  The original stone base did survive however.  At some point, a piece of probable 17th century window masonry has been set into the top of the base as if to represent the cross shaft.


Description:
This former school was built on land donated by Mr Kay of Colby Lodge and served the community until closure in 1982.  It is now a private dwelling, but retains the appearance of a Victorian school.


Description:
Trenewydd farm lies between two moderately large, disused limestone quarries, both of which had lime kilns when they were working.  The quarries have long been disused and are now wooded.  They are shown as "Old Quarries" on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map. They are important reminders of the former limestone quarrying and lime burning industries of Pembrokeshire.

Comments:
A public footpath passes by Trenewydd and the quarries, numbered SP10/22/2.  The Landsker Borderlands trail also passes along the northern edge of the quarry.


Description:
This chapel was built in 1867, on land donated by Benjamin Rees of Sunnyhill, owner of the Mead Estate, at a time when the village of Amroth was beginning to take form as a seaside settlement.  Originally a Congregational or Independent chapel, it became a United Reform Church cause by the late 20th century. When visited in 2010, Ebenezer was no longer in use as a place of worship and its pews had been removed.


Description:
A small burial ground is situated behind Ebenezer Chapel, which would have been in use since its construction in 1867.

Comments:
Access is via steep steps and the burial ground itself on steep land.


Description:
Amroth village has an interesting history for such a small, coastal settlement. Originally, the settlement was focused on the parish church, which lies inland, some 850m from the coast.  Until the second half of the 19th century, the church stood amongst a small group of cottages and farms.  Nearby is the site of a medieval motte castle, the original Amroth Castle, which may well point to the existence of a medieval settlement in this area.  From 1850 onwards, there was a growth of settlement along the coastline, where the modern village now stands.  Prior to this, only a handful of cottages stood above the beach, an area generally known as the Burrows.  The mansion of Eareweare, now Amroth Castle to the east, whilst the shore to the west of Amroth was famed for its iron ore "patches" and both iron ore and coal were taken away form here in boats directly off the beach.   From the 1850s the village began to grown at this coastal spot, possibly as a direct result o increased population associated with the upsurge in industrial activity in the area, particularly after the construction of Kilgetty Ironworks in neighbouring Stepaside in 1849.  In 1867, Ebenezer Chapel was built in a row of new houses facing the sea at Croggan's Cliff (also  known as Mead Cliff).  In 1870, the Amroth Arms was built at the western end of this line of houses.  A new row of cottages, called Beach Cottages, was built on the seaward side of the road through village at the Burrows.  These were badly affected by sea storms and were eventually abandoned and actually washed away during the 1930s.  As the age of industry passed (the iron ore patches fell out of use in the 1870s and the local collieries were also disused by the time of the 1891 Ordnance Map), tourism became increasingly important to the area.  Today Amroth is noted as an attractive seaside resort.  One of its most interesting traditions is the Amroth "Big Day", traditionally held on the second Thursday in August, between haymaking and the corn harvest.  It was revived in the late 20th century to be held on the Friday nearest 14th August.

Comments:
Roscoe Howells "Brief History of Amroth" contains


Description:
A number of flint flakes, a flint core, a hearth and animal bones were collected from this area on the foreshore at Amroth, during the early 1900s, having been exposed by stream erosion.  They are thought to represent an area where Mesolithic hunters prepared flint tools, and perhaps cooked over 7,000 years ago.  The finds are kept at Tenby Museum.


Description:
The site of the original Amroth Arms is not completely clear, but thought to be near this spot.  This inn was in existence during the 19th century, but replaced by a second Amroth Arms in the village of Amroth in 1870, by which time it had presumably closed.  It became a cottage known as Amroth Cottage, was demolished in the early 20th century, supposedly to widen the road so Lord Kylsant of Amroth Castle could drive his new motor car into his estate.


Description:
This public house was the second to carry the name Amroth Arms.  The original pub of this name stood between the village and Amroth Castle, further to the east.  The new Amroth Arms was purpose-built in 1870 by Thomas Williams, a local grocer and property developer.  It was flooded by the sea during the great storm of 1896, but has survived and is still a public house in the early 21st century.


Description:
Temple Bar was built during the 1840s by the coal-owning Thomas family, along with other cottages in the Burrows area, one of the first developments in the growth of Amroth as a seaside settlement.  During the 19th century, the Thomas family kept the pub and it became a focus for village life.  The Amroth Burrows Friendly Society met here, as well as the village band.  The original pub appears to have been replaced by a modern building, and it remains open.


Description:
There was a colliery here during the mid-19th century, linked underground to Castlepark Colliery, over 500m to the northwest.  Castle Gate Pit was named for its location right at the entrance to the grounds of Amroth Castle.  It seems that this pit never produced any coal, but instead served as a pumping shaft to the Castlepark Colliery.  It was originally developed by the Acklands of Amroth Castle, but work ceased before any coal was raised when Colonel Ackland died in 1820.  It was then owned by the Biddulph family of Amroth Castle during the 1820s.  A drawing in the records of Neath Abbey Ironworks, dated to 1822, shows parts for a steam engine owned by F.T. Biddulph, thought to have been installed at an engine house at Amroth, possibly at this site.  Today the site lies under the tarmac of a small car park, although an old adit opens out of the rock face at the edge of the car park.


Description:
Amroth Castle, originally known as Earewere, stands on the presumed site of a much earlier medieval residence.  Richard Fenton claims that it was the site of an early Norman castle, settled on Cadwgan ap Bleddyn when he married the daughter of Pigot de Say in the late 11th century.  It is thought likely that this early castle was located at Castle Park, just to the south of Amroth parish church, which may have been destroyed by Llywelyn Fawr in the early 13th century.  During the mid-12th century, this early castle was apparently in the possession of Cadell ap Gruffydd, the brother of the Lord Rhys, and an attack on Cadell by the men of Tenby caused Rhys to take Tenby at put its garrison to the sword.  It seems that the Elliot family took possession of Earewere during the 14th century and it is thought that they built a new castle closer to the sea, probably at the site of the present mansion.  It was at the heart of a large estate which they occupied until the 1750's, when Alexander Elliot,  the last of the family, died. It briefly passed to his wife's family, but during the 1790s was sold to James Ackland, who built the castellated mansion which still stands, almost intact.  Thereafter it was known as Amroth Castle.  From the 1850s it was turned into a lunatic asylum, owned by a Dr. Norton, but in 1897 was bought by Sir Owen Cosby Philipps, Lord Kylsant, whose family owned the mansion until 1969.  During the Second World War is was requisitioned by the military and suffered some damage.  Since the 1970s it has been used as a holiday complex, with the mansion divided into holiday apartments and a large caravan site occupying the grounds and former walled garden.  Amongst the most interesting features to survive is the private chapel added to the north side of the mansion, although its interior has been gutted.  Colonel Ackland entertained Lord Nelson and Lady Hamilton around the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries.  An impressive stone wall surrounds the mansion gardens, which are still accessed via a stone arch in the wall.


Description:
William Rees, on his 1932 map of Wales and the Borders in the 14th Century shows a water mill close to this site.  19th century maps show that Amroth Mill was a corn mill, which worked up until the late 19th century, but it is was disused by the time of the 1905 Ordnance Survey map.

Comments:
In the HER, PRN3659 refers to the medieval castle of Earewere.


Description:
The New Inn is known to have been in existence by the 1830s.  Before 20th century boundary changes it was in Marros parish, Carmarthenshire.  It marks the start/end of the Pembrokeshire Coastal Path.


Description:
Although there are records of a fulling mill in this area, which was out of use by 1481, its location is not known.  During the 19th century, there was a woollen mill at Factory, the original mill possibly being alongside the leat serving Amroth Mill (which lies down the valley to the southwest) and now surviving only as ruins in the woods.  Factory is the name of the house alongside the present trackway upslope from the  woollen factory  , which was out of use by the 1870s.

Comments:
A footpath passes between Factory House and the old woollen factory.


Description:
This Iron Age defended enclosure was partially excavated in 1950-51 and found to have the remains of a Romano-British rectangular, stone building within its ramparts.  This building shows that an abandoned defended enclosure was brought back into use as part of a farmstead or villa complex during Roman times, with evidence of occupation in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD.  Finds included evidence of a hypocaust or bath suite as well as ceramic roof tiles.  The Roman building was substantial, measuring over 17m long by 7m wide and was divided into three sections.


Description:
Zoar Baptist Chapel was built in 1854, of austere design.  It is a Listed Building as a simple, country chapel.  It had an outdoor baptistery, situated in a woodland parcel to the south of the chapel. By 2010, the chapel had been converted into a funeral home and the woodland parcel cleared.  A garage has been erected on the chapel car park.


Description:
Zoar chapel has an large burial ground, to its northern side.


Description:
This Iron Age enclosure has been almost completely destroyed as a result of 19th and 20th century road-building.  During the 1830s, the turnpike road was built through the centre of the enclosure.  Subsequently, Blackheath farmhouse and outbuildings were built on the site.  In 1984, road improvements saw further damage inflicted, which means that now hardly any vestiges of the monument remain.  It is one of a series of similar Iron Age enclosures which dot the south Pembrokeshire landscape.


Description:
This small chapel was built in 1889.  It replaced an older, smaller chapel, founded during the 1850s, which stood some 150m to the east on the edge of Llanteg mountain common.  It closed in 2000 and, shortly afterwards, was demolished to its wall bases and preserved as a monument, with the site reopening in 2007.  The adjacent vestry was converted into a private dwelling.

Comments:
There is an on-site interpretation panel.


Name:
LLANTEAGUE CONGREGATIONAL CHAPEL BURIAL GROUND

Description:
A small burial ground attached to the former chapel, which has been turned into a memorial garden.


Description:
Llanteg Mountain was an area of open common land which survived into the mid-19th century. After an Enclosure Award of 1868, the common was mostly enclosed and turned into farmland.  It is shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, when it measured around 200 acres in extent.  Only one small fragment of the common has survived into the 21st century, adjacent to the former Llanteague Congregational Chapel.  The enclosed fields created out of the former common can be recognised from their generally straight boundary banks in the area around Llanteglos hamlet, which is entirely built on the former common.


Description:
During the 19th century, there were several small limestone quarries in the fields to the northern side of Llanteg village. Lime produced by burning local limestone was used to improve agricultural land and became a very important local product when such quarries were working.

Comments:
Public footpath SP10/24/1 passes just north of the largest of the quarries in this group.


Description:
During the 19th century, there was a limestone quarry and lime burning complex near Milton Farm, southeast of Llanteg village. Lime produced by burning local limestone was used to improve agricultural land and became a very important local product when such quarries were working. It appears that at least one 19th century limekiln survives at this quarry.


Description:
This is the former primary school for the Llanteg area.  It opened in 1876 and closed in 1947, when the children were transferred to Amroth.  It seems to have been used as a hall for some time after closure, but is now a private dwelling.


Description:
Garness Mill is a former corn mill.  It seems to have been known as Gardener's Mill in 1723. It is shown as Garnas Mill on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map and appears on later 19th century maps as a working corn mill.  It would appear to have gone out of use as a working mill by, or during the early 20th century and is now a private dwelling.

Comments:
Public footpath SP10/7/1 passes by the mill house,


Description:
Records show that there was a water mill producing woollen cloth at Ledgerland during the 18th century.  Its exact location is not proven, but a ruined cottage at this site is a possible location.  It is shown as an occupied dwelling on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, but had been abandoned by the 1880s.  The last person to operate the mill was one James Price, who is said to have built Ledgerland, which stands on higher ground to the north, when he left the woollen mill.

Comments:
Public footpath SP10/10/1 runs past this site.


Description:
Llanteg is a small, scattered settlement which had begun to develop in the parish of Crunwere by the early 19th century.  It is located just within the borders of the Welsh commote of Coedrath, which was incorporated into the Earldom of Pembroke in the 12th century.  The same border has marked the boundary between Pembrokeshire and Carmarthenshire since the reign of Henry VIII.  Little is known of its early history, by the presence of a medieval church and Milton farm to the south of it (suggesting a medieval mill site) may mean that there was a medieval village in the vicinity of the church.

Llanteg, as it is known today, was to develop further after a turnpike road was built through the heart of the settlement during the 1830s, where it is crossed an earlier road linking Crunwere and Amroth.  The old turnpike is now followed by the line of the A477, main road between St Clears and Tenby.  

Llanteg falls within the historic parish of Crunwere, and the now disused, medieval St. Elidyr's parish church stands in fields to the north east of the village.  The former rectory lies to the north of the village.  In historic times there were several minor gentry houses in the parish, including the existing farm at Trenewydd, which was home to the Howell family in the 17th and 18th centuries. Two other minor gentry families are recorded at Llanteg, but the sites of their homes are not known with certainty, although they may have lived at a forerunner of the present East Llanteg farm  These were the Hensleigh family, who lived at Llanteg during the 17th century and the Davies family, who are recorded here in the 17th and 18th centuries. 

Most of the settlement seems to have been made up of scattered farms and cottages, with the only concentration of settlement being found at the modern hamlet of Llanteglos.  There are still traces of former industries in the area, such as disused limestone quarries and lime kilns, and the former corn mill site at Garness Mill.  The was also a woollen mill at Ledgerland in the 18th century.  During the 19th century, Llanteg acquired a Congregational Chapel alongside the main road, two pubs (the Royal Oak and the Golden Lion) and a primary school, all of which have now closed.  Modern businesses such as a garage, Crofty Nurseries and holiday complexes and caravan sites reflect the changes that the late 20th century brought to the area.


Description:
The Golden Lion was a public house which stood alongside the turnpike road through Llanteg during the 1840s.  It had closed by the 1850s, but was reopened as a pub in 1898 and renamed "The Laurels".  It closed again in 1902 however, and the name survives today, the building still standing as a private dwelling.


Description:
This former public house was open during the 1840s but had closed and become the farmhouse for Oakland Farm by 1851.  It is still standing as a private dwelling.  The Loyal Tudor Lodge of the Oddfellows are recorded as meeting here in 1844.


Description:
This small reservoir, shown on the 1891 Ordnance Survey map, was created in the 19th century by damming a minor stream which flows between Little Craig y Borion and Pendeilo woods. Downstream of the reservoir where further water management features, including a hydraulic ram, weir and leat are recorded. The reservoir appears to have been drained by the time of the 1908 Ordnance Survey map.  According to one source the water features were created to supply a constant flow of water to mining machinery.


Name:
HEAN CASTLE (COPPET HALL & CANTS) COLLIERY

Description:
An early estate map of Hean Castle shows that there was a colliery at this point in 1764. John Wogan of Hean Castle is known to have had coal pits on his estate during the 1780s, which are collectively thought of as Hean Castle colliery. The Stokes family resided in Hean Castle from 1800 onwards, and continued this association with mining, focusing mainly on the area around St Issell’s church and the core of the estate.  The coal pits worked during this period included Cants pit, Kilback pit and the Engine Pit at Maryland. It is not known which was the principal shaft in the colliery during this period. Almost all of these early coal pits seems to have ceased production by 1850 although Stokes was by that time interested in developing Woolson’s colliery, closer to Wiseman’s Bridge. This pit worked until 1873, outlasting Stokes and enjoying some success under his brother-in-law, Edward Wilson, who purchased the Hean Castle estate in 1854.


Description:
This was one of the coal pits working in the early 19th century, one of a group collectively identified as Hean Castle Colliery, from where coal was taken down the Black Walk tramway to the beach at Coppet Hall for loading onto boats for export. Cants Pit was working during the 1830s and 1840s and was the only mine in the Churchton area to survive into the 1850s, when it may have been linked with Bonvilles Court.


Description:
The Black Walk tramway was developed before the building of the Saundersfoot railway and harbour in the 1830s. At the beginning of the 19th century, there was much mining activity in the Coppet Hall area. Cartloads of coal were pulled down the track from coal pits at Cants, west of St Issell’s church to the boats on the beach by an unusual combination of two oxen and two horses.  For generations, after the track was abandoned, the cinder surface remained and gave this popular walk its name of the Black Walk.  At this time the track ran along the side of a marsh which was reclaimed in 1870 to make the present day Coppet Hall meadow, by filling in with refuse from the colliery and diverting the stream from the mill into a culvert which emerged on the beach.  The line of the trackway is still traceable through a caravan site in the valley below the church, although it is now grassed over or tarmaced.


Description:
The Hean Castle Colliery was worked at a series of pits around the Hean Castle estate, including Woolson’s Pit, thought to have been operating around 1850, when Thomas Stokes of Hean Castle was the proprietor. It is said that this shaft was primarily opened to obtain fireclay for the nearby brickworks, also owned by Stokes. Briefly, during 1852, the pit was leased to the engineer David Parsell (the George Stevenson of Saundersfoot) but he gave up the lease before the year’s end. The Hean Castle estate and its mines was purchased by Stokes’ brother-in-law, Edward Wilson, in 1854 and under his control it is thought that Woolson’s pit produced coal for some years. It seems to have been abandoned before 1873, although there was talk of reopening it in 1879, as it was speculated that it would give access to coal seams beneath the sea bed.  Its underground workings all appear to have been driven inland, including one heading to the unfinished Speculation Pit. Trial workings were undertaken in 1881, but that was the last activity at the mine, which was not capped until the late 1940s. The shaft was reopened accidentally in 1977, due to drainage works on the caravan park which occupies the site.


Description:
The Hean Castle Colliery was worked at a series of pits around the Hean Castle estate, including the Speculation Pit, which was sunk to a depth of 104 yards but stopped before it reached the workable Kilgetty vein. Work ceased due to a dispute between the proprietor, Thomas Stokes of Hean Castle, and the Saundersfoot Railway & Harbour Company in 1849.  Nearby Woolsons Pit was developed around the same time and it may have been intended to join both workings underground.


Description:
An ironstone mine driven northwards into the Kilvelgy mine measures. One of several iron mines listed by the Pembrokeshire Iron & Coal Co. in 1849.


Description:
The western branch of the Saundersfoot Railway was built by the Saundersfoot Railway & Harbour Company to connect the town’s harbour with a series of collieries to the north, including the Bonvilles Court Colliery and mines further inland around Begelly and Thomas Chapel. During the years immediately preceding the First World War, new investment in Reynalton Colliery saw an additional branch added between Thomas Chapel and Reynalton.  The line ran through Saundersfoot and up a steep incline to Bonvilles Court, the first colliery on its route.  This incline is well-preserved and now used as a footpath.  The winding house at the top of the incline still stands at SN1273205226, albeit in a ruinous condition.


Description:
This foundry was established in 1850, probably a direct result of the opening of Kilgetty ironworks the previous year. Pig iron from Kilgetty ironworks was used at the foundry until the ironworks closed in 1874.  The engineer David Parsell, Wind Hill, Saundersfoot held the lease from 1851.  He let the foundry to W.T. Harries, who managed the foundry until at least 1866.  Harries was succeeded by the David family, who were related to him. The business continued until after the death of Thomas David in 1922, when his widow took over and succeeded in carrying on for another 2 years. Amongst the products of the foundry were cast wheels for colliery trams, boat propellers, domestic ovens and boilers, gates and gravemarkers (examples of which can still be seen in local church and chapel graveyards).


Description:
This brickworks was founded in 1845, by Thomas Stokes of Hean Castle.  It used black fireclay from coal-bearing strata, apparently mined at Woolson’s Pit, which was immediately alongside the brickworks. The works produced high quality firebricks until its closure circa 1887. It operated under several names, including the Tenby Silica Co. in 1860 and The Woolston Firebrick Works in 1867.  The works had four kilns, described as looking like mosques, and in 1879 was recorded as having covered drying floors and heating flues, four circular kilns, pig mill and a steam engine. It also had sidings linking it to the Saundersfoot Railway.  Some buildings stood at the site until the 1930s, but today the area is partly wooded and all surface evidence of the works has gone.  Excavations in 1977-8, when the land was occupied by a caravan site, uncovered the foundations of the kilns.


Description:
The Saundersfoot Railway was first proposed in 1828 as a means of linking collieries owned by Lord Milford to a new harbour to be constructed at Saundersfoot. In 1829, the Saundersfoot Railway & Harbour Company’s Act was passed by parliament, with Sir Richard Phillipps of Picton Castle, Charles Ranken and William Evans named as its main subscribers.  The proposed main line was to run northwards to Thomas Chapel, some 4 ¾ miles from the harbour, and at the outset, it was intended to construct two branches. One branch would run along the coast, via a series of tunnels, northeastwards to Wiseman’s Bridge.  The so-called Ridgeway branch was to run westwards from Saundersfoot to serve coal pits in the Moreton area. It is important to realise that the railway was a horse-drawn tramway during its early years of existence, not a steam railway.  Coal owners ran their own trams along the line, pulled by their own horses, and paid a toll or fee for its use. 

The main line and the Wiseman’s Bridge branch, and the new harbour, were under construction during 1832, and by March 1834 the railway was functioning as far north as Begelly and as far as Coppet Hall along the coast. By the summer of that year, the line was in place to Thomas Chapel and Wiseman’s Bridge.  Various additions were made to the railway during its years of operation. An early branch, built before 1840, connected Barley park pit to the line near Begelly. In 1842, permission was given to extend the Wiseman’s Bridge branch northwards to Stepaside and the Lower Level colliery.  

During the 1860s, C.R. Vickerman became a prominent figure in the running of the railway, and in 1869 he succeeded in becoming the sole owner.  In 1873, Vickerman founded the Bonvilles Court Coal & Iron Co. and the Saundersfoot Railway & Harbour Co. became a subsidiary of the new company.  During 1874, the eastern branch of the line to Wiseman’s Bridge and Stepaside was converted to a standard gauge line for steam locomotives.  The locomotive “Rosalind” started work on this line in April 1874. The closure of Kilgetty Ironworks around this time, and the closure of many coal pits in the district, meant that the 1880s was a lean time for the railway and sections of the track were taken up above Saundersfoot station and around the Kilgetty ironworks site.  In 1889-90 the line from the harbour to the Incline was converted to allow its use by the “Rosalind” and in 1893, Bonvilles Court colliery was linked to the Pembroke & Tenby Railway by a new branch from Saundersfoot station. 

After the closure of Lower Level Colliery in 1900, the focus of activity moved to Bonvilles Court.  Miners from the Stepaside area were allowed to ride on coal drams, pulled by the “Rosalind”, as far as the bottom of the Incline, from where they walked to Bonvilles Court.  This train was known as the “Armour” locally, a name inspired by the use of armoured trains during the Boer War.  It also became known as the “Miner’s Express” and is an important part of the industrial heritage of Saundersfoot.

1n 1913, the opening of a new mine at Reynalton saw the conversion of the main line to Thomas Chapel for locomotive use, with an extra 1 ½ miles of track laid to Reynalton.  A new locomotive, the “Bulldog” was bought by the Reynalton Anthracite Colliery Co. to take the coal to Saundersfoot Harbour.  This colliery worked from 1914-1917 and 1919-1921, but was not successful.  When the pit closed in 1921, the western end of the line fell out of use. The main line continued in use as far as Broom, Begelly until 1936, but by the late 1930s it was only a brief revival of mining at Bonvilles Court and Kilgetty collieries which kept the main line and its eastern branch operating, with coal traffic being moved by the “Bulldog” above the Incline and the “Rosalind” from the bottom of the Incline to the harbour and Kilgetty colliery. The closure of both collieries in 1939 brought the history of the Saundersfoot Railway as a working line to a close.


Description:
A small adit or level from a disused coal or ironstone mine opens in the cliff face alongside the coastal path at this point.  The mouth of the adit is now sealed by an iron grille.  The path itself follows the line of the former Wiseman’s Bridge Branch of the Saundersfoot Railway, which operated from 1834 until 1939.


Description:
This was the most successful and long-lived colliery in the Saundersfoot district.  It was originally founded in 1840, by J.P.M. Myers, possibly in partnership with J. Townsend Kirkwood. The first shaft was sunk to the east of property at Bonvilles Court owned by the Childs family of Begelly House.  This was the Landing Pit, or Fan Pit. At this early stage, the pit was apparently connected underground to the Cants pit, near St Issell’s church, further to the east on the Hean Castle estate. Coal was being exported by sea by 1843 and it is said that anthracite from this pit was the first used in the process of hop-drying. 

A new shaft, called the Tower Pit, was opened in 1846, close to the historic fortified mansion known as Bonvilles Castle.  Despite conditions in the lease, Myers’ Bonvilles Court Coal Co., were mining beneath the residence in the early 1850s, which caused some friction with the Begelly estate. Myers and Kirkwood continued to manage the colliery successfully throughout the 1850s however.  From 1863, the colliery was in the hands of C.R Vickerman and new investment was made. A Waddle ventilation fan was installed at a new Fan Pit, possibly the first fan of its kind ever constructed.  Vickerman was to establish the Bonvilles Court Coal & Iron Co. in 1873, at which time the colliery’s expensive “Myers Malting Anthracite Coal” was still being successfully marketed.  During the 1870s, cages were installed at the Fan and Tower pits and the mine modernised by Vickerman.  By 1878 the K Pit was sunk to the Kilgetty vein. Remarkably, the pithead of this shaft was completely underground, including the wheels, winding gear, steam engine and boiler.  

Vickerman succeeded in negotiating new leases with the Begelly estate and J. Harcourt Powell to extend the coal reserves available to the colliery during the 1880s and 1890s.  By the time of Vickerman’s death in 1897, Bonvilles Court was by far the largest mine in Pembrokeshire. In the early 20th century it was employing around 300 men and peak output of 42,000 tons was achieved in 1914.  Thereafter the mine declined as coal reserves were worked out and underground workings had to move further and further from the pithead. Some coal faces were said to be 3 miles from the pithead.  It was, however, a well-maintained mine and working conditions were good. An electric haulage system was installed to help move coal underground.  This did not resolve the problem of diminishing reserves, however, compounded by a series of strikes during the 1920s. The colliery closed in April 1930, with 320 miners being laid off.

The colliery was not dismantled at this time, and new screens were constructed during the 1930s to handle coal brought by rail along the old Saundersfoot Railway from the new Broom Colliery, near Begelly.  When Broom closed in 1939, the screens were no longer required and this was the end of the colliery site as a working complex.  Much of the colliery was dismantled during 1940 and many of the tips cleared during the Second World War.  Since the 1950s, the heart of the old colliery site has been incorporated into a holiday caravan park and today only a few buildings survive, intermixed with the caravans.  Amongst the surviving structures are three listed buildings.  These are the platform of the colliery heapstead (Listed Building No.15833). the former Power House (Listed Building No.15834) and the Weighbridge House (Listed Building No.15835).


Description:
The site of the Fan Pit, which was sunk as part of the Bonvilles Court Colliery complex.  It was the site of the Waddle ventilation fan installed at the mine by C.R Vickerman during the 1860s.  It may be the site of the first colliery ventilation fan of its kind ever constructed.

Comments:
According to local sources the Waddle fan still lies in the shaft.


Description:
This colliery was started by C.R. Vickerman in 1882, at a time when he was seeking alternatives to further development of the nearby Bonvilles Court colliery.  It was described as a “trial pit”, but a new shaft was sunk here, provided with a corrugated iron engine house and a boiler.  By 1884, the shaft was 120 yards deep and had reached the Timber and Rock veins. It may have been connected to Bonvilles Court underground, but was not successful and closed by 1887, its buildings being dismantled shortly after 1900.  Today the site is overgrown, but the line of an incline built to connect the pit to Bonvilles Court is still visible in the field to the north.


Description:
The line of an incline built to connect the Foxholes Colliery to Bonvilles Court Colliery during the 1880s is still visible as an earthwork in the field to the north of Foxholes, running north-south for circa 100 metres.


Name:
SAUNDERSFOOT RAILWAY WISEMAN’S BRIDGE BRANCH

Description:
The Saundersfoot Railway & Harbour Company’s Act was passed in 1829. The proposed main line was to run from Saundersfoot Harbour, northwards to Thomas Chapel, and the Wiseman’s Bridge Branch was proposed to run along the coast, via a series of tunnels, northeastwards to Wiseman’s Bridge. Both lines were horse-drawn tramways during their early years of existence, not a steam railway.  

The Wiseman’s Bridge branch was under construction during 1832.  By March 1834 it was functioning as far as Coppet Hall. By the summer of that year, the line was in place to Wiseman’s Bridge.  In 1842, permission was given to extend the Wiseman’s Bridge branch northwards to Stepaside and the Lower Level colliery.  

During the 1860s, C.R. Vickerman became a prominent figure in the running of the railway, and in 1869 he succeeded in becoming the sole owner.  In 1873, Vickerman founded the Bonvilles Court Coal & Iron Co. and the Saundersfoot Railway & Harbour Co. became a subsidiary of the new company.  During 1874, the branch was converted to a standard gauge line for steam locomotives.  The locomotive “Rosalind” started work on this line in April 1874. The closure of Kilgetty Ironworks around this time, and the closure of many coal pits in the district, meant that the 1880s was a lean time for the railway and sections of the track were taken up around the Kilgetty ironworks site. 

After the closure of Lower Level Colliery in 1900, the focus of activity moved to Bonvilles Court.  Miners from the Stepaside area were allowed to ride on coal drams, pulled down the branch line to Saundersfoot by the “Rosalind”.  The train stopped at the bottom of the Incline at Saundersfoot, from where the men walked to Bonvilles Court.  This train was known as the “Armour” locally, a name inspired by the use of armoured trains during the Boer War.  It also became known as the “Miner’s Express” and is an important part of the industrial heritage of Saundersfoot.

It was only a brief revival of mining at Bonvilles Court and Kilgetty collieries which kept the branch operating, with  coal traffic being moved by the “Rosalind” from the bottom of the Incline to the harbour and Kilgetty colliery. The closure of both collieries in 1939 brought the history of the entire Saundersfoot Railway as a working line to a close.

Comments:
The three tunnels along this railway are now all listed structures (from west to east their listed building numbers are 18439, 18440 & 18441).


Description:
This short branch connected the Pembroke & Tenby Railway to the pithead at Bonvilles Court Colliery.  It was built by the Bonvilles Court Coal & Iron Co. in 1892-3, using second-hand rails provided by the railway company.


Description:
In the late 18th century, Lord Milford built a canal to move coal from the Stepaside area down the Ford Lake valley to the coast at Wiseman’s Bridge. A coal yard or “fold” was built just above the shore.  Here the tub boats used on the canal could offload their cargo, which was then loaded onto boats on the beach.


Description:
The Wogan Arms, named after the Pembrokeshire Wogan family who at one time owned the Hean Castle Estate, was one of the earliest buildings in Saundersfoot.  The first recorded tenant of the Wogan Arms is from 1811 and it closed sometime before 1891.  The site had been re-developed by 1901 to be Wogan House, now a guest house.


Description:
The Milford Arms was the earliest known public house or alehouse in Saundersfoot.  It was part of the Sandersfoot Farm.  Stickings states that it was in existence by 1680, although Johnson points out that if the name is connected with the Philipps family becoming the Lords of Milford, the name would have to postdate 1776.  The pub is not separately listed on a plan of Sandersfoot Farm dating to 1770 but may be one of the buildings shown around the farm.   An inn keeper is known to have been there in 1784.   By 1845 the Milford Arms was being advertised for let with or without the farm of Sandersfoot.  The Milford Arms and the farm were unoccupied at the time of the 1861 census and shortly after the area began to be re-developed with the building of Cambrian Terrace and the purpose-built Cambrian Inn.


Description:
A purpose-built inn/hotel which replaced the Milford Arms as the area began to be redeveloped in the 1860s. It was badly damaged by a gas explosion in October 1984 which demolished the building next door but the Cambrian survived.


Description:
The Picton Castle public house opened in the 1840s, named after the land- owning Philipps family and their Picton estate.  The building was an imposing one for the location being three storeys high.  George Borrow stayed here in 1857.  In the late 1870s, after C.R. Vickerman had bought the Hean Castle Estate which included the public house, the building was refurbished and provided with crenulations to match those on the house at Hean Castle, recently re-built by Vickerman.  The name of the pub was changed at this point to the Hean Castle.  The Hean Castle is still in business in 2010.


Description:
The Traveller's Rest was opened by 1869, following the closure of the nearby Lamb & Flag.  It has also long been known as "The Tiddley".  The pub was closed when visited in 2010.


Description:
This pub was probably originally known as the Cross Inn, which was open by 1795.  It was closed in 1813, but reopened as the Collier's Arms a few years later.  It is known to have been open from the 1860s until final closure in the 1890s, when it was converted into Bennett's Corner Shop.  It was demolished in the 1950s as part of a road widening scheme.


Description:
This chapel was built in 1852 and restored in 1926.  It remains open as a place of worship in 2010, but is now a United Reform Church chapel. It has a large graveyard and an associated Sunday School hall.


Description:
Mount Zion chapel stands within a large graveyard.


Description:
This modern chapel was first built in 1919 and rebuilt in its present form in 1966.  It remains in use in 2010.  It has its own graveyard.


Description:
This small burial ground is associated with the Hook Gospel Mission.


Description:
This former coal quay was operating by the late 18th century, exporting coal and culm from pits at the nearby Hook Colliery complex.  It remained in use into the 20th century, with the final shipments made in 1936.  By that time coal mined at Hook was being moved by the more convenient Colliery Railway which linked to the main railway line at Johnston.

Comments:
There is public footpath and permissive footpath (Tir Gofal) to the quay.


Description:
There were coal pits being worked in Nash Wood during the early 19th century, shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map, and it is likely that mining was carried out here during previous centuries.

Comments:
There are two public footpaths running through the wood; PP46/22/1 and PP46/21/1.  Nash Wood is recognised as a Ancient and Semi-Natural Woodland.


Description:
The Freystrop Colliery Railway was built in the early 20th century to link the new Freystrop Colliery to the main line at Johnston. The colliery closed within a few years and the line fell out of use.  During the 1920s, Hook Colliery was enjoying a period of success, and it was decided to resurrect the  Freystrop line and extend it eastwards to serve Hook.  This was done in 1929-1930, giving Pembrokeshire's last major pit a direct link to the national rail network.  When Hook Colliery closed in 1948, the railway also closed.  Today, only sections of the track bed survive, with well-preserved sections present along the edge of Nash Wood in particular.


Description:
Neyland was recognised as having a good anchorage by the Elizabethan antiquarian George Owen of Henllys as early as the 16th century.  Its potential began to be developed in 1760, when the government purchased land to build a naval dockyard here.  Only two men-of -war were built at Neyland, 'Milford' and 'The Prince of Wales', before the plan was dropped. Neyland remained a small port and fishing village until the 19th century.  Richard, Fenton noted in the early 1800s that there was a small dockyard here, with a salt refinery for preserving fish landed at the harbour.  Little trade was being carried out from Neyland at that time, however, as the larger ports of Milford and Pembroke Dock overshadowed Neyland. Neyland's fortunes were transformed in 1856, when the South Wales Railway was built by I.K. Brunel.  Brunel chose Neyland to be the terminus of the line, which was to link to a steam-packet ferry service operating from a new quay and floating harbour, all designed by Brunel.  At first the railway terminus was known as "Milford Haven", but in 1859 this was changed to "New Milford" to avoid confusion.  The original name of Neyland was used alongside "New Milford" for the town, with the latter being discarded in 1906.  Brunel's railway terminus and quay was accompanied by limited development of new housing and business activity in the area immediately around the quay.  The first significant new housing development which appeared was further inland at Parryville, a series of terraced streets built by a local solicitor, George Parry, to house the inhabitants of the old fishing village, which had been swept away by the railway and quay development.  Parryville was laid out on an apparent "grid-iron" pattern.  This was not a conscious design, however.  The street pattern merely conformed to the field pattern which existed before the houses were built, for much of the agricultural landscape here was laid out in long, linear fields which were echoes of the medieval strip field system surrounding Great Honeyborough village.  By the early 20th century, further development had linked George Parry's new development with the lower part of Neyland and the name of "Parryville" had disappeared. 

Although the new port initially succeeded in attracting passenger ships as the 19th century progressed and ships got increasingly larger this trade dropped off as such vessels were unable to reach a point so far up the Daugleddau. Neyland suffered a major blow in 1906, when the Irish steam-packet service was moved to Fishguard.  The town did not lie down, and plans were made by the Neyland Trawling Company to establish a new fish market and ice-factory on Westfield Pill to help attract and maintain a fishing fleet. The fleet declined in the mid-20th century and the loss of the railway in 1964, during the period of the Beeching Cuts, left Neyland without two important mainstays of its economy.

True to its tradition, Neyland is a forward-looking community. With new developments such as the large marina in Westfield Pill, opportunities to tap into increased leisure and tourism activity and attract new business, the town has natural and heritage assets that will serve it well into the 21st century.


Description:
This tramway was built in 1888 to link the coal mine at West Park to Hook Quay.  It was a narrow-gauge line, with a rope-worked incline at its northern end to let the coal trams down to the quay, where the coal was loaded into boats for export.  It seems that this tramway was still in use after the First World War, although it is not shown on historic Ordnance Survey maps.  It may have been extended southwards to the area of Margaret Pit after West Park ceased working.


Description:
West Park Colliery appears to have operated during the 1880s and 1890s.  It was part of the Little Milford estate and was leased in 1884.  In 1888, it was linked to Hook Quay by a tramway and incline. It was disused by the early 20th century.  The area is now cleared and used as a pasture field.


Description:
This tramway was built originally to link coal pits associated with the early Hook Colliery to a coal quay at Hook Pill (now Sprinkle Pill). Permission to lay the first section from Hook Pill was given in 1837, which meant that originally the line ran westwards from a quay on the Pill to coal pits inland.  The line served Commons Pit, which was opened in 1840 and extensions were also made to Slide Pit, as well as other coal pits in the area.  As the line was extended further westwards, it was eventually linked by an incline to Hook Quay, which appears to have been a better facility for coal export than anything available at Hook Pill.  The western half of the network is the only part that has been mapped and understood.  Traces of the eastern end of the original tramway bed appear to survive along and adjacent to the former quay at Middle Hook (Site No. 971).


Description:
Commons Pit was one of a series of coal workings scattered across the area and associated with the 19th century Hook Colliery.  Commons Pit was opened in 1840 and working into the later 19th century.  The site is still recognisable, with a large spoil tip and some building foundations present.  These are found alongside a public footpath which follows the line of a tramway which originally connected the pit to Sprinkle Pill and later Hook Quay.


Description:
Slide Pit was one of a series of coal workings scattered across the area and associated with the 19th century Hook Colliery.  It was opened in the mid-1800s and worked into the later part of the century.  The winding house and engine house of the pit still stand, having been converted into private dwellings during the 20th century.  These are found alongside a public footpath which follows the line of a tramway which originally connected the pit to Hook Quay.


Description:
This aerial ropeway was built in the early 20th century and was probably used from about 1903 to 1911.  It carried coal and culm from the Hook Slope Pit (also known as Boggy Pit) to the top of the tramway incline leading to Hook Quay.  It was dismantled after 1911, but some of the stantion bases for the poles which supported the ropeway apparently still survive.


Description:
It is not clear when Lower Hook Quay was built, but M.R. Connop-Price suggest a date around 1790.  It was not as successful as the larger Hook Quay, but seems to have been used during the 19th century and is still named on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps.  It is clearly disused by the time of the 1908 Ordnance Survey map, where saltings and mud are shown at the quay site.


Description:
A lime kiln stood here during the 19th century, but it no longer survives and the site is a private garden.


Description:
The Pill Inn was originally known as the Colliers Arms, reflecting the mining tradition of the district. It was open from at least 1826 until the 1870s.  It is now a private dwelling known as Pill End.


Description:
This former coal quay probably dates to the mid-19th century and may be linked to the early tramway system built to serve pits at Hook Colliery, such as Commons Pit and Slide Pit, further to the west.


Description:
This colliery drift was developed in the early 20th century, as part of the Hook Colliery complex.  It ceased working before the First World War.  One of its most interesting aspects was that an aerial ropeway was built to carry coal and culm from here to Hook Quay for export.

Comments:
Public footpath PP46/20/1 passes through the area of the former colliery.


Description:
This lime kiln still survived in 2002, in relatively good condition and up to 2m high.  It is shown as a working lime kiln on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps and was presumably supplied with limestone brought up the Cleddau by boat from quarries in South Pembrokeshire.

Comments:
Public footpath PP46/20/1 passes the kiln.


Description:
A quay is shown here on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps. It was presumably created to allow coal and culm mined at nearby coal pits to be moved down the Cleddau for export.


Description:
East Hook is one of the most historic settlements in the Hook area.  The original house stands as a roofless ruin, alongside the present house, which dates to the late 17th century. During the 16th and 17th centuries it was home to the Hicks family.

Comments:
Detailed drawings and plans of the building are held by the RCAHMW in Aberystwyth.


Description:
The house at East Hook was built in the late 17th century, to replace an earlier house which stands as a ruin nearby. The house is a long building, with a south and north range.  The south range may contain earlier elements, and had a wing added to its western side.  An earlier house of 16th century date stands close to the present house.  During the late 18th century, an attorney named Richard Knethell lived here.  East Hook was later acquired by the Harcourt Powell family, two members of which served as High Sheriffs for the county; Thomas H. Powell, 1864 and Capt. John H. Powell, 1910.  East Hook has been a working farm during the 20th century, but early features, such as the walled garden enclosure and a walled orchard enclosure still survive.


Description:
After Hook Colliery in 1948, the former colliery manager Harcourt Roberts persuaded the National Coal Board to invest in a new mine in the area to provide employment for redundant miners.  In 1951, a new drift was opened in a field near East Hook farm (its exact location has not been identified).  After the drift was developed to some 300m, flooding stopped the work and led to the plan being abandoned.  This was the last attempt at mining in the coalfield to the west of the Cleddau.


Description:
This former pub, now a private dwelling, was in use in the heyday of the local mining industry and was once the haunt of colliers.  It is known to have been open shortly after Hook Quay was built, around 1790, and the Eynon family ran it for the best part of a century.  It closed for a period during the First World War, but reopened after the war and continued until 1945.  At this time, the licensee moved to a new premises called The New Anchor, in New Road, Hook village.


Description:
The New Anchor Inn was the successor to the Anchor Inn, Hook Quay.  It was opened in 1945, when the licensee of the Anchor moved his pub to a new location.  The New Anchor closed in 2003 and is now a private dwelling.


Description:
Hook village is one of the newer settlements in the Pembrokeshire landscape.  As recently as the first decade of the 20th century, there was no village here.  Only Mount Zion chapel and West Hook farm are shown on the 1908 Ordnance Survey map in the area which is now the heart of the village.  Such settlement as existed in the locality was made up of scattered cottages, often housing colliers and their families, as well as a small number of farms.  This has changed since the mid-20th century, as considerable development has taken place along the roads which radiate out from Mount Zion and West Hook,  along New Road, Lower Quay Road, Pill Road and Newtown Road.


Description:
This cast iron milepost was erected in the 19th century beside the turnpike road, and bears the inscription "Pembroke Ferry 4 miles 237 yards, Haverfordwest 3 miles."


Description:
This Bronze Age round barrow or burial mound measures 29 metres in diameter, but has been denuded and is now only 0.4 metres high.  It may well contain undisturbed archaeological deposits associated with a cremation burial over 3000 years ago.


Description:
This late medieval or 16th century stone-built dovecote is about 20 feet high and has about 200 pigeon holes.  It stands amongst later farm buildings at Great Nash farm.

Comments:
May be visible from public footpath PP46/15/1 which passes nearby to the east.


Description:
Great Nash was the manor house of the parish of Llangwm and it was the home of the de la Roche family as early as the 12th or 13th centuries. The ruins of a late medieval house survive here, located behind the present house, which is thought to date to the 19th century.  The Nash family lived here during the 15th and 16th centuries, but the only surviving features from that period are the ruins of the original house, where the vaulted cellar beneath the structure can still be seen, and a dovecote, which now stands amongst the later farm buildings. Richard Fenton visited Great Nash in the early 1800s and noted that the house was at that time roofless and ruined.  Great Nash was however leased to one Thomas George in 1811, which means that a habitable dwelling must have stood here at that time.


Description:
The site of Hook Colliery, the last working coal mine in this part of the Pembrokeshire coalfield, is now overgrown scrubland, with only fragmentary remnants of buildings and structures visible.  The land here was not mined until the Margaret Pit was sunk in 1910-1911.  Thereafter, the working proved successful enough to lead to the development of the Hook Colliery Railway in 1929, to provide a link to the main railway line at Johnston.  Modern colliery screens were installed at Hook, to allow graded coal to be loaded straight on to railway wagons for transport.  The colliery remained open until nationalisation in 1947, but within a year the NCB decided to close it down and production ceased during 1948.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted here. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course.  It was described in 1995 as being an oval mound of burnt stone and dark soil, measuring 14 metres by 10 metres, 0.4 metres high, overlain by a boundary hedge.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted here. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course.  It was described in 1995 as being an oval mound of burnt stone and dark soil, measuring 5 metres by 3 metres, 0.4 metres high..


Description:
The upper stone of a rotary quernstone of a type used in Romano-British times, has been found near Southland.  It is kept at Pembrokeshire County Museum.


Description:
Plans for this colliery were proposed in 1854, along with the intention to build a railway to Llangwm Pill.  The colliery seems to have opened in 1858, with a shortened tramway provided, linking the colliery directly to Sprinkle Quay, further down Sprinkle Pill.  It seems that this tramway was horse-drawn.  The mine closed 1866.  It had a poor safety record and there were a number of fatalities, including an accident in 1861, when three men were killed by a falling bucket. There area of the mine is now a pasture field and no surviving trace of the buildings or shafts survive.

Comments:
Public footpath PP46/20/5 passes through the site of the former colliery.


Description:
This early Christian monument dates to the 7th to 9th centuries AD.  The stone is inscribed with a Celtic cross.  It as first recorded in 1924, when it was being used as a gatepost at Cnwc y Grogwydd.  In 1953 it was moved into the parish churchyard, where it remains.  It is not known where it originally came, but its location at Cnwc y Grogwydd is some 600m east of the lost medieval chapel known as Capel Dewi.


Description:
A hillock known as Cwnc y Grogwydd in Welsh or Warren Tree in English, once existed here.  George Owen recorded in the late 16th century that this was the site of the gallows for Newport in medieval times and that convicts imprisoned in the gaol at Newport Castle would be brought here for execution.  The area is now built over.


Description:
This ruined farmstead complex includes the remains of a farmhouse and attached byre range, set in several farmed fields carved out of the common.  It is a good example of a post-medieval farmstead encroachment onto the common land, which had been abandoned by the 20th century.  There is possibly an earlier field system underlying the post-medieval field parcels, best seen on aerial photographs.

Comments:
Th ePCNP Ffordd Bedd Morris-Parc Mawr trail passes alongside the ruins.


Description:
The remains of a cottage or long hut can be seen here, now reduced to low wall bases, with some stonework still visible.  The whole structure measures only some 7 metres long by 5 metres wide.  A small enclosure is attached, measuring 12 metres by 8 metres and the whole complex sits within a larger field parcel carved out of the common, probably during the 18th or 19th century as an encroachment.


Description:
A circular earthwork feature on the open common at Park Mawr.  It appears to measure 7.5 metres in diameter overall and comprises an earth and stone ring, with an internal diameter of some 3 metres.  It could be  prehistoric hut circle, or alternatively a ring barrow or even a small sheep fold.


Description:
This former Independent chapel has been converted into a private dwelling.  It was built in 1875 and remained in use until the Second World War.


Description:
A public house which closed in the 1930s.

Comments:
Now a B & B , see 40525.   Dillwyn Miles, 1995, p.59


Comments:
Now a B&B, see 40526.  Dillwyn Miles, 1995, p.60


Description:
A picturesque and ivy-clad 16th Century Inn, situated deep within a secluded valley and set in its own grounds astride the banks of the River Nevern.


Description:
The Plough Inn is shown as a public house on the 1st edition map of 1889 and the 2nd edition map of 1907.  Its license was not renewed by the licensee, Blanche Evans, in February 1905 following the Evan Roberts revival of 1904.  She started another business offering accommodation instead from the premises, now renamed Welford  House.


Description:
The Green Dragon was named in a lease of two lives to John Hughes, by George Bowen of Llwyngwair in 1790.  On 9 October 1830 a further lease was given to a William Owen, by George Bowen, the grandson of the previous lessor, for three lives for the Golden Lion, formerly known as the Green Dragon.  The pub remains in use today


Description:
The Masons Arms later became the Prince of Wales Inn which is last named on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map of 1889.  The building is now Llys Meddyg.  The coach, Y Shah, ran from the Prince of Wales Inn, and later the Commercial (Castle Hotel), to the train station at Crymych


Description:
The Rose and Crown closed after the First World War.


Description:
The Britannia Arms is shown as a public house on the 1889 Ordnance Survey map, but by 1900 it had been replaced by a Court House.


Description:
A 19th century inn, which was used as a meeting place for the Court Baron and Court Leet.


Description:
The Sessions House was built as a court house to serve Newport and district in 1900. It had closed and been converted into an art gallery by the late 20th century.


Description:
The Angel Hotel was a public house which then became a temperance hotel.  In 1916 it offered "well aired beds" and was owned by James Thomas, a baker and confectioner.  It is now a shop called Angel House.

Comments:
Dillwyn Miles, 1995, p.59.  Photo on page 121 showing holidaymakers arriving at the Angel.


Description:
London House was a public house in Market Street, according to Dillwyn Miles.  It is not shown as a public house on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map nor on later editions.  It is now called Fountain House.


Description:
The Jolly Tar stood in Market Street at one time according to Dillwyn Miles.


Description:
A public house is shown here on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey amp of 1889 and it was open into the 1920s according to Dillwyn Miles.


Description:
The Ship and Castle, later renamed The Ship, was a public house in the 18th century when a group of bards met here on 23 May 1774.  One of the poets was Ioan Siencyn (John Jenkins), Cwm Du, Llechryd, who was a schoolmaster at a Griffith Jones School in Nevern at the time.


Description:
The Pig & Whistle stood in Church Street at one time according to Dillwyn Miles, now known as Coedfryn.


Description:
The Rising Star stood on the road to Cilgwyn, and is shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map of 1889 and the 2nd edition of 1908.  It is now known as Carningli and is a private dwelling.


Description:
The Castle Inn was listed in Pigots Directory of 1830, but by the end of the century had changed its name to the Commercial Inn.  In the 1970s it became the Castle Hotel, but has now reverted to its first name Castle Inn.


Description:
The Royal Oak is shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map of 1889 and is still open today.


Description:
The Farmers Arms is shown as a public House on the 1st edition map of 1889 and the 2nd edition map of 1907. It is now a private dwelling called Porthmeor


Description:
The Queens Hotel is shown on the 1st edition map of 1889 and the 2nd edition map of 1907. It is now a private dwelling called Morfan


Description:
The Sloop Inn is shown as a public house on the 1st edition map of 1889. In 1995 it was private dwellings called Beach View and Kosy Kot according to Dillwyn Miles, the precise location of which is not known. They may have been between the

Comments:
Exact location unclear so grid reference is approximate


Description:
The Parrog Arms was a Public House according to Dillwyn Miles, now a private dwelling, Morawelon.


Description:
The Ship Afloat was a Public House according to Dillwyn Miles, now a private dwelling, Seagull Cottages.


Description:
The Mariners Arms was a Public House on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map of 1889, but gave up its license in January 1903.  Now a private dwelling, still called the Mariners.


Description:
The remains of four small hut circles, each measuring 4 to 5 metres in diameter, have been reported on this part of Carningli Common, associated with traces of an early field system.  The area has been scheduled to protect these features as a Monument of National Importance.


Description:
The small Iron Age hillfort occupies a rocky summit on the northern side of Carningli.  It was protected by solid stone ramparts, which are now ruinous but still stand up to 3 metres high in places.  These link rocky crags around the perimeter.  Within the enclosure there is evidence for several probable hut circles.  There are reportedly traces of a field system just to the east of the hillfort.

Comments:
On open common land close to Ffordd Bedd Morris.


Description:
This small enclosure is of unknown date and purpose, but is likely to be associated with stock rearing on the common. It is now much reduced and represented only by a low, spread stony bank, over 2 metres wide, enclosing and area roughly 25 metres by 20 metres.  It has no obvious entrances.  There appear to be traces of an early field system to the north and east of the enclosure, but it is not known if they are associated with it.


Description:
This area of Carningli Common has a series of denuded earth and stone banks, covering an area of approximately 300 square metres.  At least two sub-circular hut structures are found in association with these banks.  It is not known when these features appeared, but they may be prehistoric.


Description:
The Royal Oak was in business by 1837, and in 1852 was described as having excellent stables, brewhouse, gardens and other offices.  In the 1870s it was the public house favoured by the sea captains of the vessels using the harbour.  The Royal Oak is still in use as a public house.


Description:
The Brewery Tap was part of the extensive Saundersfoot Brewery established in the 1840s by Thomas Stephenson. In an 1855 advert the business was described as "an ale and porter brewery with small steam engine, malthouse and granary"  with a Tap attached.   By 1891 the brewery was no longer a going concern but the pub was still in business but closed soon afterwards.


Description:
The Square and Compass is said to have been one of the first buildings built as Saundersfoot developed.  It was at the southern end of Railway Street, now the Strand.


Description:
The Drapers Arms opened on the site of the former Square and Compass in about the 1870s and closed in the 1880s.  By 1901 the building had become the village Post Office.


Description:
The Globe public house was in existence form at least 1860.  The front half of the building facing onto the Strand then Railway Street was a chemists shop and the back room was served alcohol.  The spirit licence necessary for chemists to sell certain remedies made it easy to also sell alcohol.  However in 1872 Narberth magistrates said that the two activities had to be sealed off from each other.  This was duly done and from then onwards beer was delivered to the pub along the beach.  In the 1960s another chemist was established in the Saundersfoot and the building was converted into one large pub renamed the Old Chemist.


Description:
The Railway Tavern is referred to in Picton Estate papers of about 1825, and may be linked with the Black Walk, ID number 604, an early tramway at Coppet Hall.  NGR only approximate.


Description:
The Railway Inn stood near the foot of the incline in Saundersfoot.  It was certainly in existence by the 1840s and closed after 1894.  An inquest into the death of William Parsell, chief engine man at Bonville's Court colliery was held there in 1866.  The building is now Railway Inn cottage.


Description:
A Mrs Williams of the Mariners Inn, Saundersfoot, was reported in a newspaper of 1868 and Mr and Mrs Williams listed in the 1871 census as running a pub near the bottom of St Brides Hill.  The public house must have been short-lived and no other details are known about it.


Description:
St Issells House was turned into a restaurant in the 1960s by Val Howells who took part in the first single-handed transatlantic yacht race between Plymouth and Rhode Island.  In the 1970s it became a pub but now concentrates on food again.


Description:
Built in 1885 or 1886 at a cost of £400 raised by public subscription, the Evelyn Coffee Tavern was opened and named after Lady Evelyn Campbell.  The Coffee Tavern was a temperance cause to provide colliers and seamen with an alternative to the public houses.  They could get a hot or cold meal, a non-alcoholic drink and the use of a reading room.  In 1916 it was established under a Charity Commission scheme. The Coffee Tavern became a meeting place for many including the local choir.  The Saundersfoot Women's Institute was formed after a meeting there in 1931 and meet there until the Second World War.  When mining ceased in 1933 it became the venue for the Magistrates Court, the library, a small village meeting room as well as a shop.  The building was requisitioned by the War Office in December 1939.
 
The Trustees applied for disposal instructions for the building in 1969 from the Charities Commission as many of the functions had been superseded by the building of Saundersfoot Village Hall (the Regency Hall) and it was finally disposed of in 1973.


Description:
This is the site of a fortified mansion which was probably founded by a member of the De Bonville family during the early 14th century.  The De Bonvilles were a Norman family with lands in southwest England and Glamorganshire, the first of whom to come to Pembrokeshire being William De Bonville, who was appointed Seneschal of Pembroke Castle in 1272.  His grandson, Nicholas De Bonville held land in the area and is likely to have been responsible for building Bonville Castle. It may have been built to help protect Anglicised south Pembrokeshire from attacks from the Welsh to the north and west.  

Erasmus Saunders (who may have given his name to Saundersfoot) lived here in the late 16th century, when he was Mayor of Tenby.  The castle passed through the hands of several owners during the 17th century, and was still apparently occupied in 1680.  When Richard Fenton visited the area during the early 1800s, he noted only “small remains of a baronial residence.”  The castle had evidently fallen into ruin by his day.  

Until the end of the 19th century, the remains of a fortified tower and other parts of the castle were still standing and sketches of the site, dating from 1860, survive (these are reproduced in Stickings “History of Saundersfoot”).  By the 1890s, the building was being used as a workshop by the adjacent Bonville’s Court colliery. During the early 20th century, continued mining at Bonville’s Court resulted in the disused castle becoming engulfed in the growing spoil tips around the mine.  By the 1940s the castle remains had vanished from view.  It is quite likely that archaeologically important remains are now sealed beneath the old colliery spoil tips, which have themselves been levelled and forgotten.

Comments:
No access. Site now overgrown.  A coach park is located alongside the site.


Description:
Hean Castle is an anglicised form of the original Welsh name, Hen Gastell or Old Castle.  It is not know what the original name refers to.  It is possible that an unrecognised Iron Age hillfort existed in the vicinity of the present mansion and gave rise to the name originally.

It is known that Hean Castle was at one time a property owned by the powerful Wogan family, but the present mansion was built by Thomas Stokes, who had married into the Wogan family and inherited the property by the early 19th century.  It appears that an earlier Georgian style mansion was taken down and replaced by a Victorian house.  His son sold the property to his brother-in-law Edward Wilson in 1861, and two years later it was bought by the influential London solicitor and industrialist Charles Ranken Vickerman, who was to become the main driving force behind the industries of the Saundersfoot district during the last half of the 19th century.

During Vickerman’s time, the house was largely rebuilt again and much of the present building, internally and externally, reflects the changes he made to the property.  Vickerman died in 1897 and his son sold the mansion and estate to Sir William Thomas Lewis, Lord Merthyr.  The Lewis family added a northwest wing to the house, in keeping with the architecture used in Vickerman’s day.  

The Lewis family still resides here and the house, gardens, parkland and estate retain much of the character of a Victorian country estate. Estate outbuildings such as the lodges, stable block and home farm are all intact.  Many of the local farms and cottages are owned by the estate and identifiable by their colour scheme, as estate properties are generally painted in cream and green and are immediately recognisable in the landscape.  The mansion is now a listed building, as is the Gate Lodge (LB No. 18445) and a monument erected in the grounds in memory of Lady Anne Lewis, wife of the Sir William Thomas Lewis, who died in 1902 (LB No. 18444).

Comments:
No access by footpath.  The gardens are open for the summer, from the end of May


Description:
This attractive and unusual chapel stands in the rural hamlet of Sardis. The cause was founded here in 1808, when the first chapel was built.  Subsequent rebuildings, the latest in 1925, have produced a very striking chapel, which includes a tower at its southern end and large extensions flanking either side of the original chapel building, which was originally aligned east-west.  A large graveyard is attached to the chapel.


Name:
SARDIS CONGREGATIONAL CHAPEL BURIAL GROUND

Description:
Sardis chapel stands within a relatively large graveyard.  Some examples of cast iron gravemarkers, presumably produced at the nearby Woodside Iron Foundry, Wiseman's Bridge can be seen.


Description:
Netherwood  was a small country residence, built circa 1840.  It became the home of George Stokes, a retired army officer and presumably a close relative of the former squire of Hean Castle, Thomas Stokes, who had sold the estate in 1861.  It seems that Netherwood was detached from the Hean Castle estate after the sale of 1861.  Afterwards it served as a gentleman's residence for many years, but was bought back by the Hean Castle estate in 1922. Today it is a small private school called Netherwood.

Comments:
The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments in Wales has a record for the gardens at Netherwood NPRN 265311. The grounds now seem largely to be made up of sports fields.


Description:
Records show that there was a small coal pit working on the land of Hopshill Farm in 1789, which was then owned by Edward Loveden of the Gogerddan estate in Ceredigion.  The farm and colliery were sold together in 1808.  The exact location of the coal pit is not known and it seems to have been abandoned by the mid-19th century.


Description:
Records show that there was a small coal pit working at Hollybush in 1792, which was then worked by Messrs. Knethell & Williams. In 1807 it was being managed by William Thomas & Co.   A three-year lease was granted on mining beneath Holly Bush Farm in 1828. The exact location of the coal pit is not known and it seems to have been abandoned by the mid-19th century.


Description:
Records show that there was a small coal pit working at Vatson in the late 18th century. The exact location of the coal pit is not known and it seems to have been abandoned by the mid-19th century.


Description:
Hopes that the South Wales Railway would eventually build a branch line to Pembroke Dock had faded by the late 1850s and in 1859 parliamentary approval was given to the South Wales, Pembroke & Tenby Junction Railway  to construct a new standard gauge line from Pembroke Dock to Tenby.  This line opened in 1863. Shortly afterwards, thoughts were turned to linking this railway to the main line at Whitland.  Permission was granted in 1864 and by 1866 the extension had been laid via Saundersfoot and Kilgetty, opening to Whitland in September of that year.  A siding to Moreton Colliery was included in the railway, and exchange siding for Bonville's Court installed at Saundersfoot railway station. It was not until 1893 that a siding was built directly connecting Bonville's Court Colliery with the line.  Until 1870, the line was run by the contractors Davies & Roberts. David Davies was a strict Methodist and as a result, trains were not allowed to run on the line on Sundays.  The "P&T" company was  absorbed into the Great Western Railway in 1897.


Description:
Saundersfoot station was built when the Tenby to Whitland extension of the  Pembrokeshire & Tenby Railway was constructed in 1865-6.  Originally, the station was merely a wooden hut, located close to the Moreton colliery sidings, some 1.25km down the line towards Tenby.  Protests by Charles Vickerman, owner of Bonville's Court colliery, saw the station being moved to its present site in 1868, when exchange sidings linking the Saundersfoot Railway and the "P&T" were also put in place alongside the new station.  In 1887, the wooden hut was replaced by corrugated iron buildings.  By the late 20th century the station had become a halt, and none of the original buildings survive.


Description:
The Commercial Inn was opened in 1875, by the former landlord of the Masons Arms (699) in Moreton, a master mason named William Davies.  The inn was situated close to the Saundersfoot railway station and benefited from the trade of rail users.  It was also frequented by colliers working in local mines.  It closed in the late 1940s, when a nearly blind widow was running the pub on her own.  This pub was also known locally as "The Dobbin." A private dwelling now stands on the site.


Description:
This 450m long railway tunnel was built to take the line of the Saundersfoot Railway beneath high ground at Hill, opening out onto Kinsgmoor Common, Begelly.  It passes beneath the site of Saundersfoot railway station.  The tunnel is 2.44m wide and 2.6m high.

Comments:
There are health and safety implications of visiting this tunnel and entry should  be discouraged.   At present it is the roost of Greater Horseshoe bats and entry is prohibited.


Description:
The Middle Hill colliery was a group of coal workings which may have been operating from as early as the late 17th century.  The workings apparently covered an area of up to 200 acres in extent and were largely a series of small coal pits and opencast trenches, digging easily accessible coal.  To the south of The Valley, deeper bell-pits were worked to access lower seams.  The heart of the mine now lies beneath the Vineyard Vale housing estate and the adjacent Sunnyvale Caravan Park.

Comments:
Detailed information is available on the aditnow.co.uk website.  The survival of early mining features in local woods is of great historical and archaeological significance.


Description:
This site has been recorded from aerial photographs.  It includes what appear to be two long huts associated with a series of banks or walls and may be a medieval settlement site.

Comments:
The area is visible from a footpath which passes close by to the west.


Description:
A circular enclosure of uncertain date and purpose.  It may be the site of a fold for penning stock animals, or alternatively a prehistoric roundhouse.  It is about 12 metres in diameter and is defined by a low bank with stone facing on the interior.


Description:
What appears to be a relict field system is visible on the common just to the southeast of Parc y Dinas farm.  The most obvious surviving feature is a large, sub-circular enclosure, measuring approximately 90 metres by 65 metres and defined by a stony bank.  Other banks and features seem to survive in its vicinity but no detailed field plan exists.


Description:
This 19th century boundary stone may have originally stood on the stream crossing to the south of its present location.  It marked the boundary between the parishes of Fishguard and Llanllawer and is inscribed with the names of each parish.


Description:
This disused lime kiln stands above the beach at Aberfforest, close to a public footpath and the Pembrokeshire Coast Path. The ramp up to the charging platform survives but the kiln pot is infilled.


Description:
A Neolithic stone axe-head was found in this area pre-1980 but no further detail is recorded by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust.


Description:
An old coastal slate quarry, thought to have produced stone for local use in the 19th century, with some slate going for export.


Description:
A fine standing stone, measuring 1.55 metres high and 1.4 meters by 0.6 metres wide at  its base.  It stands in a field and is not accessible to the public.


Description:
There is evidence of slate quarrying in the cliff at this point.

Comments:
The site is close to the Pembrokeshire Coast Path.


Description:
This former lifeboat station was built in 1884 and closed in 1895.  It is now used as a private residence.


Description:
A cannon is reportedly built into the eastern wall of the westernmost slipway on the Parrog.  It is positioned vertically, with the powder hole facing outwards.


Description:
This large stone slab, which may be a fallen standing stone, lies in the same field as the Cerrig y Gof chambered tomb, some 95 metres to the west.  The exposed portion of the stone measures 3.3 metres long by 1.1 metres wide, and there are several depressions in the stone which may be man-made "cup-marks", a feature sometimes found on Bronze Age monuments.

Comments:
There appears to be no public access to this site and it can only be seen through the hedge from a busy road where there is no footpath.


Description:
This remarkably well preserved chambered cairn survives as a low earth mound, within which five stone chambers are arranged in a radial pattern.  Each had a stone capstone but these were dislodged by Richard Fenton over 200 years ago, exposing the chambers beneath.  He discovered some pottery, bone fragments and charcoal, as well as black pebbles in the cists. It is a communal burial chamber, thought to be of Neolithic date.

Comments:
There appears to be no public access to this site and it can only be seen through a small gate in the hedge, from a busy road where there is no footpath.


Description:
This road-side field is the site of the long lost medieval St David's Chapel, or Capel Dewi.  It was described by the Elizabethan antiquarian George Owen, Henllys as a pilgrimage chapel and it evidently on the route to St David's.  The chapel had vanished by the early 19th century and by the 1920s only survived as a low, grassy mound in the field.


Description:
A quernstone of Iron Age or Romano-British type was reportedly found near Gelli Olau during the 19th century.


Description:
This well-preserved parish pound stands on a small area of common land, to the southwest of Newport.  It measures 15 metres in diameter overall, with a narrow opening on its eastern side.  The walls stand up to 1.5 metres high.


Description:
A 20th century cemetery at the western edge of Newport.


Description:
A large, cruciform pillow mound or rabbit warren, measuring about 16 metres x 16 metres and still up to 1.5 metres high.  It is composed of earth and stone and is now covered with gorse and heather.


Description:
The foundations of a probable prehistoric hut circle are found here on the open common.  The earthwork measures about 20 metres in diameter. It has been created by terracing into the gentle slope to create a levelled area.  The site is obscured by a thick mat of heather.


Description:
In 2010 several possible hut circles were noted in this area by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust, in an area which had recently had its vegetation burnt off.  A single hut circle, two conjoined hut circles and four conjoined hut circles were reported (PRNs 96887, 968889 and 96888) as well as a possible linear field boundary (PRN 96890).  These were slight features however and likely to vanish when the vegetation is re-established.


Description:
In an area approximately 100 metres square, a series of clearance cairns and field boundary banks have been noted in the past.  Their date is unknown.


Description:
This denuded funerary cairn is found in a pasture field. It is 0.5 metres high and about 8 metres in diameter.

Comments:
Probably visible from the open access land at the edge of Carningli Common.


Description:
A group of three earthwork monuments, situated close together on relatively flat ground between Carn Llwyd and Carn Edward.  They, each comprise a circular, stony bank measuring up to 0.5 metres high and 10 metres, 11 metres and 16 metres in diameter.  They have been scheduled as a prehistoric hut circle settlement, but recent fieldwork suggests that they are in fact Bronze Age ring cairns.


Description:
This earthwork enclosure is 22 metres in diameter, with its defining stony banks measuring up to 0.7 metres high by 4 metres wide.  There appears to be evidence of two hut circles or hut platforms within the enclosure.  It is scheduled as part of a Hut Circle Settlement, along with three ring barrows a short distance to the north, but recent fieldwork has concluded that none of the monuments are Hut Circles and that this enclosure is probably not associated with the ring barrows and probably dates to a different period,


Description:
This large, disturbed cairn measures up to 17 metres in diameter.  The cairn mound has suffered some impact from human activity as many of the stones have been rearranged and small shelters have been built on the cairn itself.


Description:
The Ordnance Survey identified a circular earthwork here during the 1970s, describing it as a low, circular bank enclosing and area of about 6 metres in diameter.  The area is now overgrown and the monument difficult to find.  It may be a hut circle, or possibly a Bronze Age ring cairn, for it was noted that there was no entrance into the structure when it was originally recorded.   A semi-circular bank was noted to the northwest, measuring 11 metres in diameter, and possible traces of a field system, but these have not been verified in recent times.


Description:
This is the site of a farmstead carved out of Carningli Common in post medieval times.  The site of the farmhouse is still discernable, although only the foundations of the house now survive.  It is associated with several rectilinear field parcels, created on a portion of the common to the southeast of Carn Ffoi.  The complex seems to have been occupied during the mid-19th century.


Description:
This is an area measuring about 450 metres east-west by 300 metres, packed with archaeological features, including hut circles and apparent field enclosures, possibly with some evidence of cultivation, along with a large number of clearance cairns within the field enclosures. The date of the features is not known, but they have been suspected to be of Bronze Age or Iron Age date.  It is a complex area for which no detailed ground plan or full archaeological record have yet been made.


Description:
This standing stone is found in an area of bracken and measures 1.35 metres high and 1.24 metres by 0.8 metres wide at base.  Some clearance stones have been piled up against this stone.


Description:
This is a well-preserved ring cairn, found on the open common in an area which is packed with other funerary monuments as well as extensive evidence for settlement.  It measures 13 metres in diameter and consists of a low, circular bank enclosing a dished hollow.


Description:
This site has been interpreted as a possible unfinished Iron Age defended enclosure.  There is a bank and partial ditch only along the western side of the postulated enclosure, with no evidence of any further structure forming an actual enclosure, which suggests that it was either unfinished or that the bank and ditch were created for a different and undefined purpose.  The bank itself runs for about 60 metres and is almost 1 metre high.


Description:
This small funerary cairn is found in an area where a number of clearance cairns have also been recorded.  It measures 7 metres in diameter by 0.45 metres high, with a slightly hollowed centre, possibly the result of earlier robbing of the cairn.


Description:
This large hillfort which occupies the summit of Carningli, has evidence of stone built ramparts, enclosures, hut circles and field enclosures.  It is one of the largest hillforts in west Wales and may have been in use over a very long period, possibly from the Neolithic through to the Iron Age, with possible re-use in the early medieval period.


Description:
A ruined cottage on the flanks of Carningli, which was abandoned during the early 20th century.

Comments:
Just south of the PCNP Carningli Lower Slopes walk.


Description:
This is a small circular structure, with drystone walls, some 6 metres in diameter and a little over 1 metre high.  A small rectangular cell is attached to its northern side, measuring 6 metres by 2 metres.  It is thought that it may be a Bronze Age hut circle.


Description:
This large chapel was originally built in 1826, but altered and enlarged in 1864 and 1894.  It was still in use as a chapel in 2010 and in good condition. The manse still stands next to the chapel and the large graveyard remains in use, forming an interesting group of historic features.


Name:
BETHESDA CALVINISTIC METHODIST CHAPEL BURIAL GROUND

Description:
A large graveyard associated with Bethesda chapel.


Description:
A fragment of a Neolithic, polished, felsite stone-axe was found at Bonville's Court during the 20th century.  The fragment is kept at Tenby Museum.


Description:
This large country residence, which has a range of outbuildings, is set in a large garden area.  The house does not appear on the 1831 1 inch to 1 mile Ordnance Survey map and seems to have been built sometime in the mid-19th century.  It takes its name from the now lost Bonville's Castle or Bonville's Court, which had become a ruin by the 1860s and may have been intended to replace it. The house stands alongside a road which is shown on the 1831 map, but which had become disused by the late 19th century.  The outbuildings to the west of the house actually stand across the former road line, suggesting that the road was put out of use after the house was built. It is not clear who built the house or when. In 1871, Joseph Cadman and his family lived here. He was C.R. Vickerman's colliery agent and manager at Bonville's Court Colliery during the 1860s. It is therefore possible that the house was built as a colliery manager's house in the first instance. By 1881, the residents here were Sally Child, originally from Kent, and her parents.


Description:
The field name "Harry's Tump" may indicate that a Bronze Age cairn or round barrow may have existed in this area at one time.  It is impossible to verify this however, and it is equally possible that a natural feature or colliery spoil tip gave rise to the name.


Description:
A mill is shown on the 1764 Hean Castle estate map prepared for Henry John for John Wogan of Hean Castle.  It had fallen out of use by the late 19th century and is now at the heart of the Old Mill Caravan Park.


Description:
St Issell's church has its origins in pre-Norman times. Issell is said to have been the father of St Teilo and the dedication may show that the foundation is a very early one, associated with a group of pre-conquest churches dedicated to Teilo and focused on a mother church at Penally.  St Issell's  has some surviving medieval fabric, including its 13th century chancel arch and a fine 14th or 15th century tower. Most of the medieval church was however lost during the large-scale restoration carried out between 1862 and 1864.  Inside the church are a number of stained glass windows dedicated to former residents of the Hean Castle estate, including members of the Vickerman and Lewis families.


Period:
Early Medieval?; Medieval?; Post Medieval; Modern

Description:
St Issell's stands in an extensive churchyard, although the original boundary may have enclosed a much smaller area than is presently used. A stream running through the churchyard, to the west of the church, may have originally marked the boundary.  A larger area to the west of the stream has been used for burial since the 19th century.  A modern extension to the graveyard has been added to the southeast, on the opposite side of the road which links the church to Hean Castle.  The graves of prominent local landowners and industrialists can be seen here, including C.R Vickerman and members of the Stokes and Lewis families of Hean Castle.

Comments:
The gates entering the churchyard from the north and south are listed structures (north is LB No. 18449, south is 18447).  The rear gates, near the schoolroom, are also listed (18448). They are thought to have been fabricated at the Kilgetty Ironworks so are important to the heritage of the area.  Also listed are five cast iron grave slabs which stand in the churchyard, which are thought to have been produced at the Woodside Iron Foundry, Wiseman's Bridge. One bears an eroded stamp which seems to say David & Co, Woodside, Saundersfoot.


Description:
This medieval preaching cross stand close to St Issell' church, at its northern side.  The medieval cross, apparently extended by a later stone shaft, stands on a stepped base,  which has four steps.  The base has had some modern restoration carried out.


Description:
A  school was established in 1745 in this schoolroom, in St Issell's churchyard.  During the 19th century, a National School was held in the building.  The schoolroom still stands in the churchyard and now appears to be used for a Sunday School.


Description:
Coedrath was built in the late 1850s on the site of an earlier house.  It served as the harbour managers house during the second half of the 19th century.  It was converted into a small hotel in 1985, but was closed by 1995.  The grounds are now a holiday chalet and caravanning complex.


Description:
This Catholic church was built in 1966 and remains in use.


Description:
This school was opened as a non-denominational British School in 1870. It served the community for a century but was replaced by the present primary school in 1973.  The former school building was used as a Community Educational Centre, in the ownership of the local authority into the first decade of the 21st century, but was out of use by 2010. A large former playground exists to the rear of the building.


Name:
SAUNDERSFOOT ENGLISH WESLEYAN METHODIST CHAPEL

Description:
This chapel was built in 1892 on land leased from the Picton Estate and remains in use and in good condition in 2010.


Description:
A row of seven terraced cottages, built about 1850, standing at the northern end of Milford Street.  They were built by the Saundersfoot Building Society on land leased from the Picton Estate. They are all listed buildings as good examples of early Victorian Building Society housing.   It had been intended to build a row of 17 cottages, but only these seven, and another three at the southern end of the street were actually built.  The three southern cottages survive in good condition also, but are not listed buildings.  The northernmost of the cottages was at one time the residence of Dr. D.H. Pennant, the last company doctor for the Bonville's Court colliery company.  Pennant was later a GP serving Saundersfoot and was instrumental in raising money to repair the harbour after it was damaged by storms in 1946-7.  Pennant Avenue in Saundersfoot is named after him.

Comments:
The PRNs are 59563-59569 for the row. Listed Building numbers are 18430-18436.


Description:
This house was built by C.H.R. Vickerman as a wedding present to his son. It was built by the architect Kenneth Dalgleish of London in the Arts and Craft style. It is notable for its picturesque character and thatched roof.


Description:
When the Saundersfoot Railway & Harbour Company was formed in 1829, plans were put forward for the construction of a harbour at Saundersfoot.  This was to consist of a single pier or breakwater, projecting northwards from the base of the cliff at the southern end of the beach.  Construction was started in December 1831, but by the following summer it had been realised that a second breakwater would be needed along the northern side of the harbour to protect the harbour basin.  

Stones for the project were quarried from the cliffs alongside the harbour, and also brought from quarries at Coppet Hall and Stammers.  Beech timbers were used in the structure also. 

By the autumn of 1833, the main breakwater was sufficiently complete for some trade to have begun.  Two jetties had been opened capable of loading two ships a day and a third was being added before the summer of 1834.  During that year, the northern breakwater was being extended, the harbour deepened and the scouring basin, which would serve to wash silt out of the main harbour basin from time to time, under construction.  By October of 1834, the harbour was declared sufficiently ready to be given its certificate of completion of work by the Haverfordwest Quarter Sessions.  It was not until 1835 that the scouring basin was finished however, and a berth for ships discharging ballast added.

Storms during the following winter caused some damage to the harbour.  This was repaired over the summer of 1836, and the harbour had a busy trade. A massive storm hit the coast in October, 1836 and one ship, the Wheatsheaf, was even wrecked in the harbour. 

By 1837, the harbour company was letting out land alongside the harbour as wharves used by local estates and coal companies.  The Begelly Co. had the Rock Wharf and there were also Kilgetty and Thomas Chapel wharves.  Coal was being brought to the harbour from local collieries along the horse-drawn Saundersfoot Railway.  By 1839 the harbour was busy and functioning well, but it was realised that further improvements were needed, including narrowing the harbour entrance to stop swells rolling into the basin.  It seems that the harbour prospered reasonably well throughout the next three decades, drawing more trade as the export market for local iron ore also increased and the small town of Saundersfoot gradually grew.  There was even a small shipbuilding industry, with two yards in Railway Street (now The Strand). Between them they are thought to have built at least 9 wooden ships between 1845 and 1873, and repaired many other vessels.

The harbour continued to be used for coal shipments into the 20th century, although the decline in local mining obviously meant that the busy days of the mid-19th century were the high point of the success of the harbour.  As the last of the local collieries closed in the 1930s, the trade dwindled to a close and the last registered coal shipment came in May 1939, when the M.V. Welcome left with a cargo for New Ross, Ireland. During World War Two the railway and harbour facilities were dismantled.  After the war, ownership of the harbour was transferred to the Narberth Rural District Council, and later back to the Hean Castle estate. The Saundersfoot Harbour Order of 1958 created the Saundersfoot Harbour Commissioners and a harbourmaster and staff were appointed to administer and maintain the harbour.  The Saundersfoot Sailing Club built a new headquarters at the harbour soon after, reflecting the increasing use of the facilities by leisure boats.  A small number of inshore fishing vessels are also based here.  In 1977 the harbourmaster’s office was added.  The harbour is now popular with visitors, with a large car park provided alongside, and is one of the most striking and important historic features along this section of the Carmarthen Bay coastline.

Comments:
The harbour lies with a Conservation Area.


Description:
The Regency Hall was opened in June 1961.  It was built to serve as a community hall for the growing village of Saundersfoot, which hitherto had only  much smaller rooms available for public events, at the old Drill Hall and the Evelyn Coffee Tavern. Much of the money for the construction of the new hall was raised locally through the endeavours of the "Village Hall Committee."  The original idea for the hall came from a retired Royal Marines captain, T.G. Stickings, who was responsible for bringing the committee together.  Stickings went on to write the popular local history book, "The Story of Saundersfoot."  In front of the hall, the parish council added a bowling green, tennis courts, putting green and children's playground, making the Regency Hall an important focus of community life throughout the latter part of the 20th century.


Description:
The former Drill Hall has been converted into a self-catering complex called the "Admiral's Mews."  The Drill Hall was built during the reign of George V (1910-1936) and was apparently the base for the No. 2 Company of the Pembroke Royal Garrison Artillery, possibly during the First World War.

Comments:
The Admiral's Mews has been identified as the best  "self-catering resort in the UK".


Description:
This attractive Baptist chapel was first built in 1854 and rebuilt in 1881. It remains in use as a place of worship in 2010.


Description:
This chapel was first built in 1838 and known as Bethel. It was in the care of William Thomas, the minister of Sardis chapel.. It was rebuilt in 1899, when its name was changed to Thomas Memorial in honour of Dr David Thomas of Stockwell, who was the son of the first minister. It remains in use as a place of worship in 2010.


Description:
This small cottage is a listed building.  It was built in the early 19th century and was originally the only dwelling on what became High Street, as Saundersfoot grew.  It is therefore a rare survival of the early village.


Description:
During the heyday of Saundersfoot as an industrial settlement in the mid- to late-19th century, there was  a small shipbuilding industry focused on the southern end of Railway Street (now The Strand). Two companies are known to have operated in this area and between them they are thought to have built at least 9 wooden ships between 1845 and 1873, and repaired many other vessels.  The first company was that of Francis Beddoe, who began work in the early 1840s.  During the 1860s, one Harry Louis Read also opened a boatyard in Railway Street.    The last ship built here was actually called the "Francis Beddoe" and built in Beddoe's yard. Beddoe died before it was completed and Read took ownership of the yard and completed the vessel.


Description:
This former Calvinistic Methodist chapel was opened in 1868 but closed and converted into flats by the Local Authority by 1970.  Much of its historic character was lost in the conversion.  It was a daughter chapel of Bethesda,  Sandy Hill and was founded by the Rev. George Bancroft, Minister of Bethesda.


Description:
The old Colliery Office, now know as the Barbeque Building, probably dates to the second half of the 19th century and was at one time the office of the Bonville's Court Colliery, one of the most important mines in the Saundersfoot area.  
 
The colliery opened in 1842, but by the mid-1860s, it was under the control of C.R. Vickerman, Hean Castle who was the leading figure in local industrial development.  Vickerman also controlled the Kilgetty Ironworks and the Saundersfoot Railway and Harbour Company.   Vickerman himself died in 1897, but the collieries and harbour flourished for several decades.  In April 1913, a fire at the Colliery Office destroyed the records of Bonville's Court Colliery. However, Ministry of Fuel and Power records show that the mine was producing and average of 35,000 tons of coal annually between 1912 and 1926.  Production declined thereafter and Bonville's Court closed in 1930.
 
Bonville's Court was one of the local collieries which was served by the Saundersfoot Railway network. The Colliery Office was fronted by the terminus of the railway, which brought coal to Saundersfoot Harbour from collieries across the area, and was of course famously used by the colliers to ride between the town and their workplaces.  
 
It is not clear when the office building was built, but a photograph of it dated to 1883 survives (in the R. Howells Collection, reproduced between pages 144 and 145 in "Pembrokeshire: The Forgotten Coalfield" by M. Connop-Price).  This shows the building in a very similar condition to its present appearance, indicating that it has retained much of its original character.  It was a prominent building, flanked then, as now by open space.  
 
The present name of the building is derived from the Barbeque Restaurant, which appears to have operated in the building during the 1960s - 1970s.  In April 1967, plans were proposed to redesign The Strand by creating a wide promenade, and there were also proposal to build multi-storey buildings along the seafront here, including developing the old Colliery Office as a seven-storey apartment block.  These proposals were rejected as the local community felt that overdevelopment would damage the character of Saundersfoot, and its appeal to visitors.

Comments:
It is evident that the Colliery Office building dates to the period when C.R. Vickerman was dominant in the local coal industry.  It is therefore an exceptionally important survival from the heyday of the local coal industry.  It should be viewed as a key component of the historic townscape of Saundersfoot and would make an ideal focal point for the interpretation and celebration of local industrial and social history.


Description:
St Issell's House dates to the late 19th century and was built by the Vickerman family of Hean Castle.  It stands on the site of the earlier Saundersfoot Farm, which stood here before Saundersfoot had developed as a village of significant size.  In the late 1890s, after the death of Charles Ranken Vickerman, his son C.H.R. Vickerman sold most of the Hean Castle estate and moved to St Issells' House.  Within a few years, the Vickerman family moved to another house on St Bride's Hill, as the proximity of the harbour scouring basin, where much of Saundersfoot's sewerage waste ended up, meant that life at St Issell's House was less than pleasant.  The building was turned into a restaurant called The Captain Table during the 1960s, founded by the transatlantic yachtsman Val Howells.  In appearance, it retains much of its original character as a 19th century gentry house.


Description:
This house was built during the second half of the 19th century by the Vickermans of the Hean Castle estate. It was also known as Rock Villa.  The 1881 census shows that William Lewis,  the Head Gardener of the estate, lived here. It is said that it was at one time the home of the manager of the Saundersfoot Railway.


Description:
A Hean Castle estate plan of 1764 names this location as "Copit Hall Harbour."  It was purely a natural harbour, where boats were beached on the sands to be loaded with coal and culm from coal pits around the bay and further inland. During the 1820s, Thomas Stokes of Hean Castle seems to have had a horse-drawn tramway operating from mines above St Issell's church and the beach, the trail which is now known as the "Black Walk".  The name Coppet Hall is said to probably be derived from Coal Pit Haul, and it does not appear that any hall or mansion of the name ever existed.  During the 1870s,  colliery waste was dumped on a marshy area above the beach.  The stream which ran down the valley from the northwest was also culverted and partly buried.  This was done to improve the land around the Saundersfoot Railway, which passed though Coppet Hall between Wiseman's Bridge and Saundersfoot.  Coastal sand dunes seem to have survived between the railway and the sea into the 1920s,  but by the mid-20th century this area had been levelled and hardcored to create a large, flat car-parking area.


Description:
Although there was, historically, no mansion at the misleadingly named Coppet Hall, a house of this name was built above the beach during the late 19th century, presumably by the Hean Castle estate.  The house has been incorporated into the much larger, modern Coppet Hall Hotel.


Description:
Kilvelgy farm is now subsumed into the modern village of Kilgetty.  In medieval times, Kilvelgy was a manor, with extensive land holdings.


Description:
This is a former almshouse of the parish of Begelly.  In 1776 it was listed as having three occupants.


Description:
There is a reference to a coal mine at Langdon dating to 1760, when the workings had become flooded.  It was suggested at the time that a level and horse gin be put in place to drain the mine and allow a 21 year lease to be worked.  The exact location of the coal pit is not known, but it was presumably on the land of Langdon Farm.


Description:
Saundersfoot is a relatively modern settlement, owing its existence largely to the development of coal and iron mining in the area during the 19th century, and the growth of tourism during the 20th, as the old industries dwindled and disappeared.

Before the Norman conquest of Pembrokeshire, the area fell within the ancient Welsh cwmwd or commote of Coedrath, in the cantref of Penfro, which was controlled by the princes of Deheubarth from the mid-10th century onwards.  During the 12th century, the Normans seized most of Penfro and built a chain of castles to keep hold of their prize, from Pembroke to Tenby and northwards to Narberth.  Saundersfoot itself didn’t exist at this time, but a small castle seems to have been built at Bonville’s Castle during, or shortly after, the conquest period.  The De Bonville family came into the area when William de Bonville was appointed seneschal of Pembroke castle in 1272.

In medieval times, the area between Wiseman’s Bridge and Rhodewood, and inland to Kilgetty, formed the hunting forest of Coedrath.  It was whilst hunting deer in the forest of Coedrath that Cadell ap Gruffudd, the eldest son of the Prince of Deheubarth, was attacked by Flemings from Tenby and seriously wounded, circa 1150.  Cadell apparently had his residence at the original Amroth Castle. This act brought terrible retribution from Cadell’s brothers, who put the garrison of Tenby to the sword.  The forest should not be thought of as a purely wooded area, for it would include open areas as well as woodlands. It was important as a hunting ground for the Earls of Pembroke, strictly controlled by forest law, but was also valuable for the pannage of the Earls pigs, and a source of thatch and peat, as well as timber and honey. Coal and iron were also being mined within Coedrath by the 14th century.

The first maps of Pembrokeshire, dating to the 16th century, show that what is now known as Saundersfoot was a quiet rural place called St Issell’s, after the parish which covers the area. There was no settlement of any importance here, just a few scattered cottages and farms.  The Pembrokeshire antiquarian George Owen of Henllys was the first source to use the name Saundersfoot, or ‘Sanndersfoote’, in a paper he wrote on the geology of the coalfield district in 1595.

The origin of the name Saundersfoot is not known, but there is a strong tradition that it is associated with the Saunders family, the earliest possible reference to whom dates to 1322, when a Walter Elisaunder is named in a local deed.  Saundersfoot, may come from Saunder’s Ford.  It is said that they were a Norman family who held land in the area until the 19th century and had their seat at the “Big House” near the parish church.  An Erasmus Saunders, Mayor of Tenby, lived at Bonville’s Court Castle during the late 16th century.  Much of the land on which the village was later to grow was however owned by the influential Philipps family of Picton Castle, who had acquired the Kilgetty estate, which owned much of St Issell’s parish.

During the 17th century, some of the buildings now familiar in Saundersfoot began to appear.  The Milford Arms, later the Cambrian Hotel, was built in 1680.  It has become one of the most enduring features of Saundersfoot.  It was used as a coaching inn and the open ground which has existed to the rear of the inn for several centuries is known as the Paddock, reflecting the stabling facilities that were once attached to the hostelry.  

The area remained sparsely settled even until the beginning of the 19th century.  Even at the end of the 18th century there were only a handful of cottages where Saundersfoot now stands.

One unusual feature of Saundersfoot is the fact that its parish church lies outside the village itself. St Issell’s church is at the small hamlet of Churchton.  Unlike many other villages in the district, the church itself was not to become the focus of the settlement as it grew.  Instead, settlement was attracted to the coast where, even in the 18th century, boats were collecting valuable cargoes of coal and iron ore from the shore.  Saundersfoot became a much more attractive place to settle as the local colliery companies grew and attracted more workers into the area during the first part of the 19th century, with the creation of the Saundersfoot Railway & Harbour Company in the late 1820s proving to be the key development.  Permission was granted for the company to build its harbour at Saundersfoot in 1829, and the associated railway, which brought coal from as far inland as Thomas Chapel and Stepaside, made Saundersfoot the hub of local industry and an important coal port.  

Throughout the latter half of the 19th century, industrial success continued to encourage the growth of the local community, with new chapels, pubs and businesses appearing to serve the community.  By the 1890s, the heart of the village was recognisable on Ordnance Survey maps, with new streets of terraced houses and town houses gathered around the harbour area, where a century earlier stood little more than a property called Saundersfoot Farm. 

This period of industrial development gave the core of Saundersfoot a character which has survived into the present day, with buildings such as the Bonville’s Court Colliery Office, the Hean Castle inn, the old Cambrian and the former mansion of St Issell’s House, one time home to the owner of Bonville’s Court Colliery, still dominating the sea front.  Even the lines of streets such as The Strand, formerly Railway Street, or the well walked path up The Incline, follow the former lines of the Saundersfoot Railway. 

As the age of industry passed in the years leading up to the Second World War, with the last large collieries closing in 1939, a new industry which was to shape the community had already begun to develop.  This was the tourism and leisure industry, which was founded on the natural beauty of the coast at Saundersfoot.  Despite a brief interlude during the Second World War, when Saundersfoot was at the heart of large scale rehearsals for the D-Day landings (Operation Jantzen), tourism was to become the dominant industry of the area for the rest of the 20th century.  Many people came to the area to retire, attracted by the beauty and charm of this seaside resort, large hotels and guest houses appeared around the village and a large number of caravan and camping sites also flourished.


Description:
This small village has largely appeared during the 20th century but it has some interesting historical associations.  The land is possibly known as Summerhill due to the use of the high ground here as summer pasture in medieval times.  There was a small estate of the name here by the 16th century, and by the 18th century it had become a farm owned by the Lawrenny Estate. The former primitive methodist chapel at the village crossroads was built in 1879, opposite the small village green.  After the Second World War a former army shed was erected here to create a new community hall for the parish of Amroth. This hall was replaced by the present, modern community hall in 2009.  Summerhill is a poplar area for visitors and many large caravan sites are found close to the village.


Description:
This woodland (30032) has evidence of many small coal pits and their spoil mounds, typical of the coal workings dug in the area before larger collieries were opened in the mid-19th century. Pits of this type could date back to the 16th or 17th century and the survival of these examples makes the Plantation a very important heritage site.


Description:
Merrixton Adit was a 3-mile drainage adit that connected several coal pits underground.  It ran from Merrixton eastwards to below Colby Lodge and from there down to the sea at Amroth.  It helped drain Thomas Hill pit and several other workings in the vicinity.


Description:
The remains of a gazebo situated on the cliff top at the edge of the Hean Castle estate.  The structure is still surprisingly intact although overgrown with ivy.


Description:
The remains of a former tally office still exist alongside the road at Wiseman's Bridge.  The tally office would have been used when coal was put on boats on the beach at Wiseman's Bridge which stopped once the harbour in Saundersfoot started to develop in the 1830s.  The stone built structure remains to at least 0.8m high on tits northern side and the footprint of the eastern wall can still be seen in the road make-up.

Comments:
This feature is very overgrown at the moment and is at risk of being lost through non recognition of it.


Description:
Alongside the road to the southwest of Jeffreyston and opposite the new school, is what is known locally as a coffin rest.  The feature has been recently renovated and consists of stone cross set within a surround.


Description:
Blackway, the name of this area on the 1st edition Survey map, is part of a large area of early coal working in the northwest- southeast valley running west of Jeffreyston.  Many old coal pits are shown on the map.


Description:
An area of rough land, now mostly wooded and inaccessible, in which is hidden a vast network of tracks, pits and spoil tips of early coal workings.  Some of these are believed to have worked as early as the 16th century, and the coal shipped out from Cresswell Quay.  The whole of this area and that to the east is labelled "Jeffreston Colliery" on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, see .


Description:
The Mason Arms was opened by William Davies, a master mason, in 1864.  He ran it until 1875, with good profits from the many miners who frequented it.  New landlords, the Saundersfoot & Tenby Colliery Co Ltd, gave him notice to quit as they wanted the building as a house for the foreman of Moreton Colliery.  William Davies left and started the Commercial Inn (642).  The Mason Arms however continued as a pub, run by George Blizzard, one of the main shareholders in Saundersfoot & Tenby Collieries Co Ltd.  By the end of the 1870s though, the colliery company went into liquidation and the pub finally closed.

Comments:
Johnson, p.17.  The location of the pub is not known so NGR is approximate.


Description:
The Pear Tree pub was run from his cottage by a disabled ex-collier, Stephen Ollin.  He died in 1887 and the pub was then run by his widow Mary until 1898.  The magistrate wouldn't transfer the license to a new owner and the pub closed.  A new house was built on the site in the 1980s.


Description:
The Fountain Head, seemingly named after the numerous freshwater springs in the area, was in existence by 1822.  It had a small holding attached.  In the 1960s and 1970s the building was altered extensively and much of the farmland has been turned into a caravan site


Description:
The Evening Star was run by Thomas Lewis in the 1840s which had an attached smallholding of 30 acres.  The Evening Star was the location for an inquest into the accidental death of a young miner at Bonvilles Court Colliery in 1867.  The pub was passed down through the family until in 1917, when local magistrates refused to new the license as the pub was surplus to requirements.


Description:
The Spread Eagle was in existence by 1822, and on the tithe map a malthouse is shown attached to it.  By 1851 the pub had changed its name to Begelly Bottom when it was put up for sale with 12 acres of land.  It became a farm, and then became derelict.  More recently it has been restored and the land used to create a garden.


Description:
The Miners Arms, Begelly, was a popular haunt of the colliers from Thomas Chapel and Broom Collieries.  It was established in 1813 and remained open until 1885 when magistrates refused to transfer the license and the pub closed.  The pub was demolished in the 1980s and replaced with the Begelly Lodge Hotel.


Description:
The Railway lies on the other side of the railway from Kilgetty station.  It was certainly open by 1869.  Its name was changed in the 1960s to the White Horse and is still open.


Description:
In 1842, Samuel Lewis, in his Topographical Dictionary of Wales,
reported that near the parsonage were the remains of a cromlech and nearby a tumulus.  In 1973 five stones laying in the field were allegedly moved to SN10920741 and then buried.  When Grimes visited the site in 1950 he considered the stones to be natural.


Description:
Roscoe Howells describes a lime kiln here that he believes dates to the 17th century or possibly even earlier.  The site was very overgrown and on private land in 2010 so the condition of the limekiln could not be verified.


Description:
An area of early coal workings in an area of woodland,


Description:
A cluster of dwellings, now abandoned, in the woods of Ford Lake valley.


Description:
A cluster of dwellings, now abandoned, in the woods of north of Stepaside.


Description:
Gardens and parklands associated with Hean Castle


Description:
Thought to be a former mill, but there is no evidence on historic Ordnance Survey maps of a leat supplying water here in the late 19th and 20th centuries.  It is now a farm and it is not known when it stopped working as a mill.

Comments:
Public footpath PP33/1/1 passes through the yard here


Description:
Horeb Baptist chapel formerly stood here. It was built in 1817 but demolished for road widening during the 1970s or early 1980s.  Its burial ground survives.


Description:
The burial ground attached to the now demolished Horeb Baptist Chapel is still in use.


Description:
A stone spindle whorl, of probably Iron Age or Roman date, was found in a field here, before 1982.  It is kept in Pembrokeshire County Museum.


Description:
This county residence has a long history, although the present mansion probably dates to the mid-18th century and an earlier house forms part of a long outbuilding to the rear, which has been converted during the late 20th century. The main house and a small outbuilding are now listed buildings.  Pope Hill is mentioned as "Apehill" in 1431, when it was the home of William Aftecote. It went through several families until it was purchased by William Edwardes of Johnston Hall (Baron Kensington) in the early 1800s.  It became the home of  farming family who were members of Bethesda Baptist Chapel, who held religious worship here before Horeb Baptist Chapel was built nearby.  In 1926, a Baptist minister, the Rev. E. Lawrence, lived here.


Description:
A neolithic stone axe-head was found in a garden here about 1990. It is not known where it is now kept, but a drawing of the object is kept by the Dyfed Archaeological Trust.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted in the vicinity of Johnston. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course.  Attempts by Cambria Archaeology to find the mound in 1995 failed, however.


Description:
The site of the former Johnston Brickworks is located on a fragment of Johnston Moor which, in 2010, appears to still survive as undeveloped land.  There is no public access to this area, although it is visible from the main road.  The brickworks was run by G.E. Carrow & Co. from 1895 and is first shown on the 1908 Ordnance Survey maps.  It apparently went into liquidation in 1936 and the site was requisitioned by the military during the Second World War.  The brickworks was served by a siding from the main railway line, which runs just to the west.  The working complex, which includes buildings and a large claypit,  is still shown on mid-20th century maps. It still existed in the early 1950s but its date of demolition is unclear.


Description:
The first village primary school in Johnston is shown  on Ordnance Survey maps from 1908 onwards.  In 1981, the school was moved to a new site at the southern end of Johnston village.


Description:
This small industrial and storage park at Johnston includes 22 large "Nissen Hut" type corrugated zinc buildings, and some smaller structures, set in a compound defined by wire fencing on concrete posts.  This was the site of an Admiralty Mines Filling Depot, which was operating during the 1930s.  The complex is shown on mid-20th century Ordnance Survey maps, but not on the 1964 or 1983 editions, which suggests that it was deliberately not mapped for security reasons. The land here formed part of the Johnston Brickworks site originally, and in 1951 the Admiralty appear to have requisitioned the remainder of the brickworks site.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted in this vicinity. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course. Attempts by Cambria Archaeology to find the mound in 1995 failed, however.


Description:
A station was opened here in 1856 when Brunel's South Wales Railway was completed to Neyland.  It was originally known as the Milford Road Station, as at that time the line to Milford had not been constructed.  That was added in 1863 by the Great Western Railway. The station buildings have been demolished and the site redeveloped, but a modern halt still serves the village.


Description:
Johnston Baptist Chapel was built in the late 1960s or early 1970s and remains in use as a place of worship in 2010.  There is no burial ground around the chapel, but a manse was provided next-door.


Description:
St Peter's parish church, Johnston, may originally date to the 13th century, for it is mentioned in a grant of the middle part of that century, associated with St Dogmael's Abbey, but it isn't listed in the papal Taxatio list of 1291.  The tower and parts of the building may date to that early period, but the church was largely rebuilt in the 15th century it seems, and much of the building dates to that time. It was restored in 1852 and 1893 and more work was undertaken in 1908-1909.  A further restoration was undertaken in 2003.  Inside the church is a 12th century font.


Description:
The churchyard around St Peters, Johnston undoubtedly originates at least as far back as the 13th century, when the church is known to have been in existence.  Until the late 19th century, it had a more oval shape, but it seems to have been extended eastwards by 1908, giving it a slightly squarer shape.


Description:
St Winifred's Church was a Catholic church, serving the Johnston area in the late 20th century.  It seems to have been demolished and replaced by modern houses.


Description:
Johnston Hall is one of the most important historic buildings in Johnston.  The origins of the estate seem to lie in medieval times, and William Rees shows a grange focused on Johnston in his map of South Wales and Borders in the 14th Century.  It is thought that Johnston Hall, its Home Farm and estate rose out of that medieval grange (see Johnston Grange, No.732).  It is known to have been the home of the Tancred family in the 15th century.  In the 18th century, the Edwardes family lived here, William Edwardes becoming Lord Kensington in 1776 and died here in 1801, aged 90.  He had served as the MP for Pembrokeshire since 1747, through nine parliaments.  In the late 19th century, the Carrow family lived here, owners of nearby Johnston Brickworks.


Description:
This memorial commemorates eight local men who gave their lives during the Second World War.  It stands in a recess in the churchyard boundary wall, facing the main road.


Description:
This village or public hall has a 1937 datestone.  It appears to remain in use for local events and meetings in 2010.  It is a cement rendered brick or concrete block building, with a corrugated pressed concrete sheet roof.


Description:
William Rees, on his map of  "South Wales and the Borders in the 14th Century" shows a medieval grange at Johnston, known as Monkton.   It is known that a community was established here in the late 12th century by John de la Roche, the manorial lord.  It is referred to as the "Township of John" in a grant made by his son Adam de la Roche when he granted the church and  grange of Monkton to Pill Priory in the early 13th century.  After the Dissolution of the Monasteries by Henry VIII, a charter dated to 1538 refers to an older charter (of 1517) which refers to an old monastic grange at Johnston, known as the farm of Le Monckton.  It was owned by one Morris Butler who had a valuable rabbit or coney warren here, which the Prior of Pill was allowed to visit three times a year to hunt rabbits.  The Prior was also entitled to cut and use rushes here, possibly for thatching.  The rabbit warren may well have been located at Cunnigar, to the west of the village, the name possibly being derived from "coney", which is the old word for rabbit.


Description:
A Roman coin from the reign of Domitius Domitian (AD296-297) was found during building work in Johnston, but the exact location and date of the find are unknown.


Description:
A 9cm long  flint axe-head was found in this field in 1958, after ploughing.  It is kept at Pembrokeshire County Museum.


Description:
This is the only surviving lime kiln associated with a small limestone quarry here.  It is stone-built, of 19th century date and has had some repairs made during the 20th century, including the addition of railing around the top of the kiln.  The kiln pot and draw holes remain intact.

Comments:
A public footpath passes in front of the kiln.


Description:
It is certain that the origins of the community at Johnston lie in the late 12th century, when the manorial lord was John de la Roche.  A community here was referred to as the "Township of John" in a grant made by his son Adam when he granted the parish church and the grange of Monkton to Pill Priory in the early 13th century 

In later times, Johnston was a small and poor village, largely rural in character, focused on the parish church.  The parish had  a population of just 99 in 1801 (Carlisle, 1811), but growth came when Brunel's South Wales Railway was built through the village in the 1850s.  Johnston was provided with a station, known originally as Milford Road.  It became a focal point on the local rail network, with lines to Milford, Neyland and Freystrop/Hook collieries branching off from the village.  Other 19th century industries developed here, including limeburning and brickmaking and by the early 20th century Johnston had a village school and was beginning to grow.  Throughout the 20th century, and into the 21st,  this growth has continued, thanks to the village's location on the main Haverfordwest to Milford road, at the junction of the road to Neyland and Pembrokeshire dock.


Description:
The Weary Traveller was an early public house which opened at the junction between the Haverfordwest to Milford turnpike road and several country roads in the early 19th century.  It was being run by an Anne Jenkins in 1805 and a Joseph John was landlord here as late as 1875.  It is shown on the 1st edition 25" Ordnance Survey map (1876-1893) but may have ceased trading as a pub around 1880.  A private house now stands here.


Description:
The Railway Hotel was founded in 1883, possibly to replace the earlier Weary Traveller pub. The landlord, James Williams, was exempted from military service in World War One, as he claimed that his business would collapse if he went away, as his wife was too ill to manage the pub alone.  It remains open today.


Description:
The Vine was built alongside the turnpike road between Haverfordwest and Milford Haven, and a Richard Wilcox was landlord here in 1814. At one time it was well known for its Sunday drinking, in times when pubs were closed on Sundays, as travellers going more than three miles about their business were allowed to be served.  There were plenty of travellers on the road past The Vine.  It remains open in 2010.


Description:
This former pub was kept in the 1870s but was soon replaced by the New Inn, on the opposite of the road.  It is now a private house.


Description:
The New Inn is known to have been open by 1881 and was a farm and alehouse.  It was affected by its position near Pope Hill Baptist Chapel, the minister of which was the staunch teetotaller the Rev. E. Lawrence, who lived at Pope Hill House and frequently preached against alcoholic drink.  The New Inn seems to have closed around 1929.


Description:
This is the site of the former National School, or Church School, in Johnston.  It was built in 1834, paid for by J. Bowen Esq. of Johnston and a grant from the National School Fund. It remained open until the 1870s, but was replaced by the non-denominational village primary school by the 1880s.


Description:
William Rees, on his map of  "South Wales and the Borders in the 14th Century" shows a medieval water mill known as Bastleford. No such mill has survived into the modern period and its exact location is unknown.


Description:
A well constructed, stone-built road bridge on the road between Johnston and Waterston.  It has an eroded datestone on the downstream side, which seems to say 1799.  The old road and bridge have been replaced by the A477, which runs parallel to the bridge.


Description:
In 1911, three burnt mounds or Bronze Age cooking hearths were noted near Bastleford and East Moor . These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course. Attempts by Cambria Archaeology to find this mound in 1995 failed, however.


Description:
In 1911, three burnt mounds or Bronze Age cooking hearths were noted near Bastleford and East Moor. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course. This mound was rediscovered by Cambria Archaeology in 1995, and found to be a levelled mound, about 15 metres across, composed of dark soil and burnt stone.


Description:
Great Westfield was a gentry house with 16th century origins.  It was assessed as having 3 hearths in 1670, when it was home to the Davies family.  By 1728, it is recorded as having 14 rooms, and this larger house is possibly the same building as the present dwelling.  In 1741, Matthew Bowen of "Watchfield" was the county High Sheriff and thereafter the Bowen family lived here for several generations. The house is double-pile, with the front section higher and more recent in date than the rear section.  It has been refurbished and restored during the 20th century.  The house is a listed building, as is the associated cartshed range. It is now a farmstead.

Comments:
Several public footpaths pass close to the house; PP81/7/1 and PP81/8/1, as well as  PP81/6/2 and PP81/6/3 (which is a bridleway).  The Listed Building number for the cartshed is 82522.


Description:
A lime kiln is shown on historic and modern Ordnance Survey maps and appears to have still been working in the late 19th century.  The site is now overgrown and the kiln is currently not visible from adjacent footpaths.


Description:
This disused lime kiln stands in an overgrown area, close to the point where the road crosses the former Johnston to Neyland railway which is now a cycle track.  The kiln was recorded by Cambria Archaeology in 1997, and found to measure 4 metres high, by 6 metres in diameter and be largely intact, although showing signs of deterioration.


Description:
This former corn mill is now derelict and ruinous.  It worked from the 18th century until the First World War period and was fed by a leat which ran to a millpond just to the north of the mill.  In its later phase of operation it was powered by a water engine or turbine.

Comments:
The history of the mill is given on an interpretation panel on the other side of Westfield Pill, at the old railway crossing.


Description:
A small quay existed here in the 19th century.  The pill has been dammed lower down its course, raising the water level, and the area of the quay appears to be submerged all or most of the time.


Description:
This waterworks was built in the 1850s by the Great Western Railway to serve its own needs and supply the growing town of Neyland.  It was developed adjacent to the site of Westfield Mill.   It supplied two small reservoirs on the opposite side of the pill, from where water was piped alongside the railway to Neyland.  It was closed in 1934 and demolished later in the 20th century.


Description:
This former leat fed water to the millpond of Westfield Pill.  It is still carrying water and visible from the road.


Description:
This pair of small reservoirs were built by the Great Western Railway in the 1950s to supply their own needs and the growing town of Neyland.  The water was pumped up from a pumping house below in Westfield Pill.  The reservoirs were closed in 1934.

Comments:
Some of the history of the reservoirs is given on an interpretation panel at the old railway crossing in the valley below.


Description:
The waters of this medieval holy well were said to cure eye afflictions.  The spring now flows out of an iron pipe.  It is overgrown but water seems to flow out onto the road from the hedgerow.


Description:
The vicarage stands to the east of Rosemarket village. Its present status is not known.


Description:
Tabernacle chapel was  originally built before 1800, but the present chapel dates to 1831. It is no longer a place of worship and was closed by 2007.


Description:
The burial ground attached to Tabernacle Independent Chapel, Rosemarket.


Description:
This large subcircular earthwork enclosure sits on a prominent hillock at the southern end of Rosemarket village.  It is thought to be an Iron Age hillfort, but there is a strong possibility that it was reused by the Normans during medieval times as a fortified site as they developed Rosemarket as the focal point of the old Welsh cantref of Rhos (Rhos Market being the origin of the village name).  There is no archaeological evidence yet which can properly explain the history of this fascinating site.


Description:
St Ishmael's church is dedicated to an early Welsh medieval saint and may have pre-Norman origins as a site of religious worship.  It is situated at the edge of the large Iron Age hillfort called Rosemarket Rath, and it may be that early Christian burials took place in the defensive ditch of the rath.  There is no archaeological evidence to confirm this at present however.  The church itself is known to have been granted to the Knights Hospitallers of the Order of St John at Slebech Commandery in the 12th century, reputedly the first Welsh church to have been gifted to them. The Knights Hospitallers retained ownership for over 400 years.  The present building has much medieval fabric surviving, although it has been restored many times in the past.  In 1640, it was described as "ruinous" and was much repaired by 1683.  Restorations and alterations are known to have taken place in the 1850s and 1860s.   It is notable that unlike most parish churches in this part of Pembrokeshire, St Ishmaels has a bellcote instead of a tower.


Description:
The parish churchyard at Rosemarket may have its origins in pre-Norman times, but it is now very much defined by a boundary defined and delineated in recent centuries. During the 1859 restoration of the church, the grave slab of one Jordan Walter, who lived in the 14th century was found in the church.


Description:
The dwelling at Cross Farm is built over a medieval undercroft or cellar, which acts as a basement to the modern house.  This is a very rare fragment of the medieval settlement at Rosemarket.


Description:
This well-preserved dovecote is thought to have been owned by the Knights Hospitallers of St John at Slebech in medieval times, as part of their lands attached to the manor house, the now lost Great House, Rosemarket.  It is said to have 200 nesting boxes inside.

Comments:
The dovecote is a Scheduled Ancient Monument and a Grade 2* Listed Building.  There is reportedly an interpretation plaque at the site, which is open to the public on special occasions - the Church Fete is held in the field here.


Description:
The manor of Rosemarket was a possession of the Knights Hospitallers of St John at Slebech during medieval times. The manor house, or Great House, was the focus of the estate here.  It was the home of the influential Walters family for some centuries, until the 17th century, when they ceased living here.  The house was a ruin by the early 19th century when Richard Fenton came here.  Francis Jones describes it in 1976 (Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire, 1996) as having a massive chimney stack.


Description:
The  name Rosemarket is of medieval origin and is derived from the name of the Welsh cantref of Rhos, within which it was located. After the Norman conquest, Rhos Market briefly emerged as a important focus of Norman administration and trade  Little is known of pre-Norman Rosemarket, though it is likely that the church of St. Ishmael was founded during earlier times and that a Welsh settlement already existed when the Normans arrived.  This early settlement might have been sufficiently important to explain why Rosemarket was chosen by the Normans in the early 12th century as the site of a new borough and market town..  There is some evidence that the settlement was known as Theobaldiston or Theobertiston in the early Norman period (Rees, 1932), but the name Rosemarket eventually became accepted. 

Rosemarket almost certainly shared in the woollen cloth manufacturing industry which flourished in mediaeval Pembrokeshire and a mediaeval fulling mill is documented at Rosemarket.

The rise of Haverfordwest as a market and port in the 13th century destroyed Rosemarket's economic strength and the town declined sharply, being in a state of decay by the late 16th century, its market ceasing by 1530.  By the 19th century Rosemarket was poor rural community and local men went as far as Pembroke Dock shipyards for work.  Some also worked at collieries in neighbouring communities such as Freystrop and Llangwm.

It is possible that the modern village still bears traces of the street plan of the mediaeval borough. There are two parallel streets running north-south with the area between divided into rectangular strips. These may be some of the 92 burgage plots which made up the mediaeval town.  At the southern end of the village lie the church and possible castle, at the Iron Age hillfort of Rosemarket Rath, which may well have been refortified by the Normans.

Outside the mediaeval village the land was divided into three large open fields, each sub-divided into long narrow strip fields farmed by the local community.  The three fields of Rosemarket were known as Westfield , Furze Hill and Eastfield, the first two of which names are still used in connection with modern farms.


Description:
A fulling mill, where wool was washed and prepared for use to make flannel, is known to have operated in Rosemarket during the 14th century.  Its location is not known.


Description:
This early pub in Rosemarket is known to have been kept by Anne Kintley from 1795 until 1819 and John Jones until 1828.  Its history after that date is unclear. It is not known where this pub stood.


Description:
A pub called the Barley Sheaf was being run by a woman named Elizabeth Thomas and her sister Mary Jones. By 1850, the pub was being run by one Thomas Burns.  He died in 1860, but later that year his wife Mary married a soldier named Henry Llewellin.  They recorded as the licensees of a Barley Mow public house soon after this date.  It is not known if the Barley Sheaf and the Barley Mow were the same building, but on the 1881 census, the widow Mary Llewellyn is listed in the census returns as the landlady of the Barley Mow in Front Street.  This small cottage n front street, one of a pair, is shown as a B.H. or Beer House on the 1st edition 25" Ordnance Survey map which dates to the same period.  It is likely therefore that this is the site of the Barley Mow.  A modern house built just to the north of the cottage has taken the name Barley Sheaf, in memory of the first of the two pubs.


Description:
The New Inn is known to have been in existence by 1847. It figured in a murder trial in 1851, when two customers who had had too much to drink had an altercation in the courtyard, causing the death of one of them, although the charge of wilful murder does not seem to have been accepted by the jury at the Assize Court.  A David Rees and his daughter Hester were the licensees in 1851.  She married a Stephen Morris, who was the landlord during the 1860s. A Henry Nash was here in 1875 but, in 1881, 19 year old Blance Morris was "Manager of the New Inn", where she lived with her sister and brother-in-law, Elizabeth and George Venables.  George Venables was landlord during the 1890s and up until 1906.  The New Inn was owned by the Lawrenny estate, which paid to have it enlarged in 1886.  The inn is shown on the 1908 Ordnance Survey map, but may have closed around that time.


Description:
Rosemarket seems to have been without a pub from the closure of the New Inn about 1908 until The Huntsman was opened in 1967.  This pub is housed in a stone cottage originally called The Winch.


Description:
This former corn mill is shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey map and continued to operate as a mill into the 20th century, being shown as a working mill on the 1908 OS map.  It was disused by the mid-20th century.

Comments:
A public footpath PP51/21/1 passes through the former mill complex.


Description:
Hayston Hall was once the focus of the small manor or lordship of Hayston, which included nearby Lower Hayston and Hayston Mill. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the Mabe family lived here, including David Mabe, who was described in 1611 as a "wicked fellow, a fighter, brawler, common gamester of alehouses, sower of sedition, drunkard, ravisher."  Its later history is more sedate and it has passed through various owners, down to the present day.  The 1st edition Ordnance Survey 25" map surveyed in the 1870s, shows the house, its outbuildings and formal gardens in excellent detail.  Clearly it was a comfortable country residence in that period.  Today, the house and two outbuildings are listed buildings.  The mansion is described as "a late Georgian house, remodelled in the late 19th century."

Comments:
The RCAHMW have a description of the formal garden (NPRN 265285).


Description:
Scoveston Manor has a history which extends back to at least the 17th century, when the Butler family lived here.  Thomas Butler was High Sheriff of Pembrokeshire in 1644.  By 1670, the Mordaunt family resided here, and the house was assessed as having seven hearths for the Hearth Tax in that year. The house had declined by the 19th century, but was rebuilt as a fine country residence, with a formal garden, including a walled garden and a lake with a boathouse, by the 1860s. The occupant was William Rees, High Sheriff in 1863.  Scoveston is now remembered for the tragic double murder of its occupants in 1985, when the house was set alight.  The ruins were subsequently sold and the property has been rebuilt and returned to its former glory.

Comments:
The RCAHMW have a description of the formal garden (NPRN 265284).


Description:
Jordanston is a fine, three-storeyed country residence, now part of a working farmstead.  It was home to the Jordan family for several hundred years.  A pedigree of the family was made by George Owen of Henllys c.1600, in which he records that a Leonard Jordan lived here in the second half of the 14th century.  Several members of the family met untimely ends on the field of battle.  John Jordan was slain at Banbury in 1469, during the Wars of the Roses, fighting for the Yorkist side. His son John Jordan supported the Duke of Buckingham against king and was beheaded at Haverfordwest Castle.  His son, in turn, went on campaign in France and died in battle.  The Jordans had left Jordanston by 1670 and during the 18th century it was the home of the Bowen family, who were followed by a Wilson family from the English Midlands.


Description:
A medieval gold ring, with wire decoration, was found on Jordanston land in 2003.

Comments:
The ring appears to be at the National Museum of Wales, Code 2005.16H


Description:
Norton Mill is shown on the 1831 Ordnance Survey First Series map at this location.  It is also shown as a working Corn Mill on the 1st edition 25" map of 1885, despite the fact that the South Wales Railway line to Neyland had been constructed right alongside the mill.  This map shows the mill pond and a sluice as well as the mill building.  The mill leat flows from the northwest, along the Rosemarket side of the railway, and passes under the line to reach the mill pond.  The entire site seems to have been cleared by the time of the 1908 Ordnance Survey map and there is no evidence of the mill whatsoever.


Description:
This cemetery is first shown on the 1908 Ordnance Survey map.  It has  mortuary chapel and is a large site, provided with level, well maintained paths.  It was apparently consecrated in 1880, as there was no more room for burials at the parish churchyard at Llanstadwell.

Ownership:
Neyland & Llanstadwell Burial Joint Committee

Management:
Neyland & Llanstadwell Burial Joint Committee


Description:
This chapel was first built in 1840 and restored in 1904. It remains open as a place of worship.  There is an outdoor baptistery and a corrugated zinc vestry building behind the chapel.


Description:
The graveyard attached to Hepzibah Baptist Chapel.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted here. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course.  In 1995, it was noted that the mound had largely been destroyed, but evidence of burnt soil and stone was visible.


Description:
This fortification was built during the 1860s, as part of a chain of defensive forts planned to protect Pembroke Dock.  It was the only one of the forts which was actually built.  It cost over £45,000 to build, which was a huge sum at the time and is an impressive fortification, comprising massive earthwork ramparts on a hexagonal plan.  It is now difficult to appreciate on the ground after over a century of dereliction.  It is overgrown and not accessible to the public.


Description:
This school was set up by the Llanstadwell School Board, which began in 1872.  The school is though to have closed by 1998 and the building is now a private dwelling, but has retained its character.


Name:
WATERSTON ENGLISH WESLEYAN METHODIST CHAPEL

Description:
This chapel was built originally in 1836, and was rebuilt during the 1880s.  It remains in use as a place of worship.


Description:
A small earthwork enclosure appears to survive here.  It is about 30 metres in diameter.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted here. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course. The site was not found when searched for by Cambria Archaeology in 1995.


Description:
This former corn mill still stands in the village, but has been converted into a dwelling.  William Robertson was the miller here in 1851.  It is shown as a working mill on late 19th century Ordnance Survey maps but seems to have become disused by the time of the 1908 map.


Description:
The former village school in Rosemarket closed in 1998. It was a church school.  The building is now a private dwelling but retains much of its original character and prominent position in the village.


Description:
A lime kiln stood here in the late 19th century but it has now been completely removed.


Description:
The Ferry House Inn was in existence by the mid-19th century.  A George Childs, who was a cabinet maker, was the landlord during the 1840s and 1850s.  During the 1960s it was completely rebuilt, and it continues in use as a public house.


Description:
A small, stone quay was built here during the mid-19th century  A relatively long pier, jutting out some 50 metres into the Haven, is shown on the 1868 Ordnance Survey map.  The pier had gone by the early 20th century and the quay seems to have declined afterwards.  Today a replacement stone quay, concrete slipway and modern metal pontoon landing stage have been added and Hazelbeach quay is again operational for leisure craft.


Description:
A Second World Minewatchers Post, which is small brick shelter, 3 metres x 2 metres and 2 metres high, reported as intact in 1997.

Comments:
This site stands alongside the Coastal Path.


Description:
A searchlight battery was positioned here during the Second World War.  It was removed after the war.  A small minewatchers post was located nearby during the war.


Description:
This small Mission Hall was built in 1888 and is shown on the 1908 Ordnance Survey map.  It is stone or brick built, but now rendered.  It appears to be still in use as a place of worship in 2010.


Description:
The vicarage attached to Llanstadwell church is still occupied as a vicarage.


Description:
St Tudwal's church is thought to originate as a site of Christian worship during the Dark Ages, before the Norman conquest. Tudwal was a pre-Norman Welsh saint, who lived during the 6th century AD and was well known in North Wales and Brittany.  The present church building may have some fragments dating to as early as the 12th century, but the tower is 15th century and considerable restoration and addition was made during the 19th century. The core of the church is considered to be medieval, however.


Description:
There is a relatively large churchyard around St Tudwal's church, with many interesting gravestones, the oldest dating to 1802.  The churchyard is located in a pleasant location at the edge of the Milford Haven waterway.


Description:
This oil refinery and its associated jetty was built by Gulf Oil during the 1960s, officially opening on the 10th of August, 1968.  It ceased production in 1997, since when the site has been for sale.  In the early 21st century, a Dutch company, Petro Plus, constructed an LNG storage facility adjacent to the refinery, access to which is via the main gates of the old Gulf refinery.


Description:
This road was built to allow soldiers and materials to be moved from the shores of the Milford Haven waterway up to the military fort at Scoveston, during the late 19th century.  It runs from the shore at Church Lake, up Neyland Vale and through Mascle Bridge.  It is now used as a modern public road.


Description:
This was a public house which was licensed to open in 1861.  During the 1880s it was a combined pub and shop.  It survived until about 1906, when it was kept by a David Lewis, but closed soon afterwards.  It is now a private dwelling.


Description:
The Three Crowns was one of three public houses that served Waterston in the late 19th century.  It was kept by one Rebecca Morse during through the 1850s and 1860s and she was still here in 1871.  It seems likely that the three pubs were needed during the period in the 1860s when Scoveston Fort was being built nearby by the military.  The three "Beer Houses" are shown on the 1868 Ordnance Survey map.  The Three Crowns was the only one of these to survive into modern times.  Boosted by its proximity to the Gulf Oil Refinery, it was open until about 2000, closing shortly after the refinery itself closed in 1997.  It is now  private dwelling.


Description:
Waterston village has medieval origins. It was at one time a medieval manor within the Lordship of Haverford.  A village known as Walteryston was here in the 14th century and traces of the medieval strip field system which once surrounded the village can still be seen in the field shapes around the modern village.  The village has grown since the 19th century, partly due to its proximity to the now closed Gulf oil refinery, which opened right alongside the village in 1968.  In the late 19th century and early 20th century, the village could boast a school, a chapel, up to three public houses and a post office.


Description:
Hazelbeach has developed as a small settlement, strung out along the shore of the Milford Haven waterway, since the 18th century.  The 1831 Ordnance Survey map shows a very small settlement on the shore, which probably included the old corn mill.  In its early history it is said that cargoes of coal, culm, grain and lime were landed on the foreshore here.  A small quay was added in the mid-19th century, presumably to facilitate such trade.  At least two limekilns were working in the village by that time, and there was also a pub and a chapel here by the end of the century.  During the 20th century the village has grown away from the shore, particularly with the new housing developments on Hazelbank.


Description:
Llanstadwell village is the site of the parish church and there can be little doubt that there was some settlement here during medieval times.  It was significant enough to be marked on Christopher Saxton's map of 1578, presumably due to its status as a parish church village.  It must be remembered that at that early date there was no Milford Haven, Neyland or Pembroke Dock and that only small fishing villages existed along the waterway.  The village today is largely the product of the growth of population and trade and industry along the Milford Haven waterway during the past two hundred years.  The 1831 Ordnance Survey map shows only the parish church and a very small number of buildings to the west of it, with a similarly small cluster of houses further to the west, but detached, at Hazelbeach.  By the 1860s, Ordnance Survey maps show that new development has united Llanstadwell with Hazelbeach, although no growth has occurred eastwards towards Neyland.  The 1908 Ordnance Survey map shows that the village had by then indeed grown eastwards towards Church Lake and Neyland, and the essential shape of the modern settlement was by then in place, with a Post Office also present to the west of the church.

Comments:
There is an article by Vera Lowe on "Hazelbeach and Llanstadwell" in the Dyfed Family History magazine for 1992.  Another publication is "Jottings on the History of South Pembrokeshire: Llanstadwell Parish pre-1900" complied by BHJ Hughes.


Description:
In medieval times, Little Honeyborough fell within the Manor of Honeyborough, which was focused on the manor house at Great Honeyborough Farm, to the east.  This small village was certainly in existence by the early 1800s, and may have medieval origins.  It is certainly surrounded by the remnants of the extensive medieval strip-field system of the manor, which may have been in use until the 18th century.  During the 19th century, Little Honeyborough is composed mainly of 19th century cottages and house, and a chapel, and relatively little 20th century development has occurred to change its character.


Description:
Until the Cleddau Bridge was opened across the Milford Haven Waterway in 1975, the communities along the estuary depended on river transport to cross from one side to the other.  One small ferry worked from Hazelbeach.  In 1857, a ferryman named James Evans lived close to the Ferry Inn in the village, which takes its name from this former service.


Description:
Nash Mill is shown as an occupied settlement on the 1868 Ordnance Survey map, but had been abandoned by the time of the 1908 edition of the map.  It is not marked as a working mill in 1868 and may well have gone out of use before that date.  The site is now overgrown and in an area of planted wood.

Comments:
A public footpath, PP7/13/2, passes the site.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted here. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course. The site was found to be still surviving when surveyed by Cambria Archaeology in 1995.  It was oval in shape, measuring 7 metres by 4.5 metres and 0.5 metres high and contained burnt debris.

Comments:
A public footpath PP7/14/1 passes just to the south of the mound.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted here. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course. The site was found to be still surviving when surveyed by Cambria Archaeology in 1995.  It was a semi-oval mound, close to a stream, measuring 8.5 metres by 6 metres and 0.5 metres high, containing burnt debris.


Description:
Ashdale was originally known as Dumpledale, but its name was changed in the mid-19th century by its then owner, George Lort-Phillips of Lawrenny.  Dumpledale had medieval origins and was home to a branch of the Jordan family in the late 15th century.   The original house was assessed as having four hearths in 1670.  The Jordan family died out in 1808 and the property was bought by Lort-Phillips, who altered and modernised the house.  It remains occupied and is  a listed building.

Comments:
Public footpath PP7/18/2 runs 50 metres to the east of the mansion.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted here. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course. The site was found to be  intact when surveyed by Cambria Archaeology in 1995.  This example is a concentric mound, measuring 13 metres by 10 metres and o. metres high, with a hedgebank built across the eastern part of the mound.


Description:
A lodge stood here during the 19th and early 20th centuries, controlling the gate at the main entrance to Dumpledale/Ashdale mansion.  The gateposts are still in position, but the lodge now appears to be a private dwelling, probably modernised.


Description:
A probable late 19th century foundation, this mission hall is not shown on the 1869 Ordnance Survey map, but does appear on the 1908 map.  It was built on what was at that time known as Newton Mountain, in a small parcel of land enclosed out of the rough ground there.  The settlement of Port Lion has now expanded closer to the church.  The RCAHMW describe it as a corrugated iron building.


Description:
This small enclosure survives only as a slight earthwork in the field, and is best viewed from the air.  Aerial photographs show it to be a circular earthwork, with an entrance on its west side.  It measures about 40 metres in diameter and appears to have had a building or pit inside the enclosure.  It is thought to be a defended settlement of Iron Age date, as many examples of similar Iron Age sites are known in West Wales, but there is currently no archaeological evidence to be certain of its date or function.  It should be noted that this field was used during the First World War as a training ground for trench and tunnel construction.  Any earthworks or cropmarks here may well be associated with this activity (see record no. 822).


Description:
This chapel was originally built in 1815 and rebuilt in 1869.  It remains open as a place of worship in 2010.


Name:
HILL MOUNTAIN METHODIST CHAPEL BURIAL GROUND

Description:
Hill Mountain chapel stands in its own small, rectangular burial ground.


Description:
This is the site of a small Iron Age settlement site which was built over by a housing development in the early 1990s.  The enclosure was sub-circular in shape and within its earthwork rampart measured 55 metres by 40 metres.  Some archaeological excavation was undertaken before the site was built on, and evidence of the stone and earth rampart was uncovered as well as various pits and post holes.  Geophysical survey suggested that a ditched trackway may have led into the enclosure.


Description:
This chapel was first built in 1822 and rebuilt in 1897.  It remains open as a place of worship in 2010.  When the 1897 rebuild took place a completely new structure was erected at a different spot; the original chapel stood some 30 metres to the north of the present chapel.


Name:
SARDIS ENGLISH BAPTIST CHURCH BURIAL GROUND

Description:
A relatively large graveyard surrounds this 19th century Baptist chapel.


Description:
This well-preserved cromlech has a large, triangular-shaped capstone, supported by three upright stones, with a field boundary bank running close to its northern side.

Comments:
Public footpath PP/7/11/1 passes right alongside the cromlech.


Description:
In 1911, a burnt mound or Bronze Age cooking hearth was noted here. These are typically crescentic-shaped mounds of burnt stone and charcoal, usually close to a water course. The site was not found when visited by Cambria Archaeology in 1995.

Comments:
A bridleway passes close by the presumed site of this burnt mound PP/7/6/5


