"1070 was the year of Christ when Maredudd ab Owain was slain by Caradog ap Gruffudd ap Rhydderch and the French on the banks of the river Rhymni."
Source: Thomas Jones, The Chronicle of the Princes, 1955, p.27.
"Maredudd was attacked in 1072 by Caradog ap Gruffydd of Gwynllwg, who brought the Normans, no doubt from Gwent, to his assistance and slew his rival in a battle on the banks of the Rhymni." Source: J.E.Lloyd, A History of Wales, vol II, 1912, p.377.
"And you know the stream out beyond the pit, a battle must have been fought there. The legend tells of it running with blood. The Red Brook it is called to this day." The Red Brook flows southwards past Craig-y-Rhacca to the north bank of the Rhymni at Trethomas (at National Grid Reference ST 1891 8856). The only historic battle known in this area is in 1070 or 1072 when Maredudd ab Owain was attacked by Caradog ap Gruffudd ap Rhydderch and a Norman force in an unknown location somewhere 'on the banks of the river Rhymni'. The Red Brook may take its name, alternatively, from its coloration by iron ore.
Source: Michael Edmonds, War Underground: Memoirs of a Bevin Boy in the South Wales Coalfield (South Wales Record Society, forthcoming).
B.A.Malaws, RCAHMW 08 December 2010.