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Hendre

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NPRN422043
Map ReferenceSJ03NW
Grid ReferenceSJ0478038520
Unitary (Local) AuthorityDenbighshire
Old CountyMerioneth
CommunityCynwyd
Type Of SiteHOUSE
PeriodMultiperiod
Description
A multi-period upland farmhouse of medieval origin and considerable interest. The upper part of the medieval house survives as the rear wing of the present house. This early house is of considerable interest as the upper end of a peasant hall-house. Three cruck-trusses survive defining the hall (singley bay) and inner-room of a timber-framed hall-house. The passage bay is now within the later house and the outer bay has been lost. In the later C17th the medieval house was refronted by a substantial three-unit storeyed house built across the slope. This house retains its historic three-unit plan with a central service-room and entry flanked by kitchen (left) and parlour (formerly with boarded floor and fireplace at the back of the hall stack). The kitchen may have had a mural stair to the right of the fireplace and retains its framed partition. This house is substantial and the principal chamber over the parlour was painted with an C18th(?) net-and-floral pattern which survived under later wallpaper. The phasing may be summarised:
1. c. 1500-50: a timber-walled, cruck-framed peasant hall-house resembling the neighbouring house at Llanerch (NPRN 421847), tree-ring dated 1502.
2. c. 1575-1625. Inserted fireplace within the hall with entry cruck to hall surviving at the back of the fireplace. The fireplace is notable for the massive orthostatic stone jambs. Replacement of timber walling with stone walls.
3. c. 1675-1700. Medieval house refronted by stone-built storeyed house of three-unit type with central entry and service-room. The dating is suggested both by the developed plan and the well-defined ogee-stopped beams. The passage bay of the medieval house became the parlour of the new house. The entry to the hall alongside the inserted fireplace seems to have been blocked at this stage with the old house becoming an outside kitchen/dairy (a cheese press still survives).
4. C19th modernisation of kitchen and parlour.

Discovered by the Dating Old Welsh Houses Group. RF Suggett/RCAHMW/April 2017
Resources
DownloadTypeSourceDescription
application/pdfRCAHMW Dendrochronology Project CollectionOxford Dendrochronology Laboratory Report no 2017/57b relating to the tree-ring investigation of timbers from Hendre Faerdref, Cynwyd, Merioneth, February 2018, commissioned by The North West Wales Dendrochronology Project in partnership with RCAHMW.