A locomotive railway built across the western Brecon Beacons and Fforest Fawr in the 1860s to replace the horse-drawn Brecon Forest Tramroad (NPRN 406399), the Neath and Brecon Railway, authorised in 1862 as the Dulais Valley Mineral Railway, was opened between Neath and Brecon in 1867. It was built by the railway speculator John Dixon. Passenger services were withdrawn in 1962; the line north of Craig-y-nos station (NPRN 408681) closed the following year but remained open southwards until 1977 to serve Penwyllt Quarries. The line is open to Onllwyn Coal Washery (NPRN 306037).

RCAHMW, 29 January 2009.